import UIKit
//1. 類的定義
class Person{
    //如何屬性為值類型淆院，則初始化為空值
//    如何屬性是對象類型何乎，則初始化為nil值
    var name : String = ""
    var age : Int = 0
    var view : UIView?
}

let p = Person()
p.name = "flower"
p.age = 10

//2. 類的屬性
//存儲屬性：存儲實例的常量和變量
//計算屬性：通過某種方式計算出來的屬性
//類屬性：與整個類自身相關(guān)的屬性
class Student{
    var name : String = ""
    var age : Int = 0
    var mathScore : Double = 0.0
    var chineseScore : Double = 0.0
    var average : Double{
        return (mathScore + chineseScore) * 0.5
    }
    static var courseCount : Int = 0
}

let stu = Student()
stu.age = 10
stu.name = "floser"
stu.mathScore = 100
stu.average
Student.courseCount = 10


//3. 屬性監(jiān)聽
class animal{
    var name : String = ""{
//        willSet{
//            print("即將發(fā)生改變")
//        }
//        didSet{
//            print("已經(jīng)發(fā)生改變")
//        }
//        willSet{
//            print(newValue)
//            print("即將發(fā)生改變")
//        }
//        didSet{
//            print(oldValue)
//            print("已經(jīng)發(fā)生改變")
//        }
        willSet(newName){
            print(newName)
            print("即將發(fā)生改變")
        }
        didSet(oldName){
            print(oldName)
            print("已經(jīng)發(fā)生改變")
        }
    }
}

let a = animal()
a.name = "dog"

//4.類的構(gòu)造函數(shù)
//4.1
class Cat{
    var name : String = ""
    var age : Int = 0
    //在swift中，如果在對象函數(shù)中迫筑，用到成員屬性宪赶，self. 可以省略
//    但是宗弯，如果在函數(shù)中脯燃，有和成員屬性重名的局部變量，那么self.不能省略
//    如果有自定的構(gòu)造函數(shù)蒙保，那么會將系統(tǒng)提供的成員函數(shù)覆蓋掉
    init() {
    }
    init(name : String, age : Int) {
        self.name = name
        self.age = age
    }
    init(dict : Dictionary<String,Any>) {
        if let name = dict["name"] as? String{
            self.name = name
        }
        if let age = dict["age"] as? Int {
            self.age = age
        }
    }
}

let c = Cat(dict: ["name" : "huahua", "age" : 10, "height" : 1.8])
//4.2 使用kvc: 需滿足的條件
//必須繼承NSObject
//必須在構(gòu)造函數(shù)中，先調(diào)用super.init()
//調(diào)用setValuesForKeys
//如何字典中沒有一個key所對應(yīng)的屬性，需要重寫set
class Dog : NSObject{
    var name : String = ""
    var age : Int = 0
    var height : Double = 0.0
    init(dict : [String : Any]) {
        super.init()
        setValuesForKeys(dict)
    }
    override func setValue(_ value: Any?, forKey key: String) {
    }
}

let d = Dog(dict: ["name" : "huahua", "age" : 10, "height" : 1.8])
print(d.name)

//5. 析構(gòu)函數(shù)
class Rabbit{
    var name : String = ""
    var age : Int = 0
    deinit {
        print("Rabbit -- deinit")
    }
}
var r : Rabbit? = Rabbit()
r = nil