根據(jù)Scrum指南，Scrum Master負(fù)責(zé)確保團(tuán)隊(duì)理解并實(shí)踐Scrum忠聚。Scrum Master通過(guò)讓Scrum團(tuán)隊(duì)遵守Scrum的理論、實(shí)踐和規(guī)則來(lái)完成這項(xiàng)工作。
Scrum Master是Scrum團(tuán)隊(duì)的服務(wù)型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)缘眶，Scrum Master幫助那些在Scrum團(tuán)隊(duì)之外的人知道他們與團(tuán)隊(duì)的互動(dòng)，哪些對(duì)團(tuán)隊(duì)有幫助髓废，哪些沒有巷懈。Scrum Master通過(guò)幫助團(tuán)隊(duì)內(nèi)外的所有人之間的互動(dòng)方式以使得Scrum團(tuán)隊(duì)產(chǎn)出價(jià)值最大化。
Scrum Master角色擁有許多的姿勢(shì)和極大的多樣性慌洪。一個(gè)偉大的Scrum Master能夠意識(shí)到這些多樣性顶燕，并知道應(yīng)該在何時(shí)，根據(jù)實(shí)際的情況和環(huán)境來(lái)應(yīng)用它們冈爹。這些都是為了幫助人們理解Scrum的精神涌攻。
Scrum Master可以作為?名：
? 服務(wù)型領(lǐng)導(dǎo) (Servant Leader)：關(guān)注于團(tuán)隊(duì)成員的需求，以及通過(guò)實(shí)現(xiàn)組織的價(jià)值频伤、原則和商業(yè)目標(biāo)從而?供價(jià)值給顧客的人恳谎。
? 引導(dǎo)者 (Facilitator) ：搭建讓團(tuán)隊(duì)合作的舞臺(tái)，并?供清晰的邊界憋肖。
? 教練 (Coach)：關(guān)注每一個(gè)個(gè)體的思想和行為因痛，并教導(dǎo)他們，讓團(tuán)隊(duì)處于持續(xù)的?升岸更，組織處于和Scrum團(tuán)隊(duì)真切合作的狀態(tài)鸵膏。
? 管理者 (Manager)：對(duì)管理阻礙、估算浪費(fèi)怎炊、管理過(guò)程谭企、團(tuán)隊(duì)的健康、自組織的邊界和文化負(fù)責(zé)评肆。
? 導(dǎo)師 (Mentor)：把敏捷的知識(shí)與經(jīng)驗(yàn)傳授給團(tuán)隊(duì)债查。
? 教師 (Teacher)：確保團(tuán)隊(duì)理解并實(shí)踐Scrum和其他相關(guān)的方法。
? 清道夫 (Impediment Remover) ：在兼顧團(tuán)隊(duì)自組織能力的情況下糟港，幫助團(tuán)隊(duì)解決影響團(tuán)隊(duì)工作進(jìn)展的障礙攀操。
? 變革大師 (Change Agent)：營(yíng)造一個(gè)可以使Scrum團(tuán)隊(duì)繁榮發(fā)展的文化。
這篇文章包含了我作為Scrum Master的個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)秸抚。在這些經(jīng)驗(yàn)之外速和，我加上了在看書歹垫、讀文章和觀看視頻時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)的內(nèi)容。我同樣加上了大家對(duì)Scrum Master角色最常見的誤解颠放，以及我為什么讓自己從敏捷教練變成了100%的Scrum Master排惨，這個(gè)改變背后的原因也是我寫出這篇文章的動(dòng)機(jī)，希望你能喜歡碰凶。
對(duì)Scrum Master的8個(gè)誤解
盡管上面?到的Scrum Master的8個(gè)姿勢(shì)也許看起來(lái)像是常識(shí)暮芭，但是它們并不是常見的實(shí)踐。Scrum Master的角色經(jīng)常會(huì)被誤解欲低，被認(rèn)為是：
? 書記員 (Scribe)：在Scrum中的事件里抄錄筆記辕宏，把整個(gè)Sprint計(jì)劃、每日計(jì)劃砾莱、需求?煉的討論和回顧會(huì)中的承諾都記錄下來(lái)瑞筐。我在一個(gè)客戶那里真實(shí)地經(jīng)歷過(guò)這件事，他們希望Scrum Master每周可以做四個(gè)小時(shí)的抄寫員腊瑟。
? 秘書 (Secretary)：在每一個(gè)人的日程中安排所有的Scrum事件聚假，并保證團(tuán)隊(duì)時(shí)間表在節(jié)假日和休息日的更新。
? Scrum警察 (Police)：嚴(yán)厲的遵守Scrum條款闰非，并對(duì)團(tuán)隊(duì)當(dāng)前情況和環(huán)境不做任何考慮膘格。如果你不按照Scrum指導(dǎo)行事，那么你做的就是錯(cuò)的财松。
? 團(tuán)隊(duì)老板 (Chairman)：所謂的“服務(wù)型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)”瘪贱，但實(shí)際上只是團(tuán)隊(duì)的老板。老板決定雇傭誰(shuí)和解雇誰(shuí)游岳。老板決定某人是否應(yīng)該加薪政敢。? 行政人員：如果你需要在JIRA其徙、TFS或者其他工具中做一些改變胚迫，那么Scrum Master將是你的好伙伴。他把每一個(gè)工作流銘記于心唾那。
? 主持人 (Team Boss)：每天早晨访锻，團(tuán)隊(duì)通過(guò)Daily Scrum把狀態(tài)更新給主持人。這可以給Scrum Master?供用于寫給他的上司的每日狀態(tài)報(bào)告必要的數(shù)據(jù)闹获。
? 超級(jí)英雄 (Hero)：這是鳥期犬，這是飛機(jī)，這是超級(jí)Scrum Master１芊獭９昊ⅰ！在每一個(gè)障礙真的成為障礙之前掃清它們沙庐。英雄對(duì)于解決問(wèn)題時(shí)產(chǎn)生的腎上腺素十分上癮鲤妥。這和團(tuán)隊(duì)無(wú)關(guān)佳吞，這有關(guān)于?升他作為英雄的地位。
? 咖啡店員 (Coffee Clerk)：為你的團(tuán)隊(duì)成員?供咖啡并沒有什么問(wèn)題棉安。這很學(xué)院派底扳。但是如果你一天的主要目的就是為團(tuán)隊(duì)?供咖啡的話…那么你就會(huì)失去成為一個(gè)Scrum Master的關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)。
就像上面提到的贡耽，這篇文章包含了我作為Scrum Master的個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)衷模。對(duì)Scrum Master的誤解是很好的例子。很多時(shí)候蒲赂，我都把Scrum Master的角色履行成了Scrum警察阱冶、團(tuán)隊(duì)老板、超級(jí)英雄等等滥嘴。這不是我最成功的經(jīng)歷熙揍。盡管我宣稱要促進(jìn)自組織，但我并沒有給予團(tuán)隊(duì)任何實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)會(huì)氏涩。我更像是一個(gè)項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理或是團(tuán)隊(duì)老板届囚，卻給了自己一個(gè)Scrum Master的頭銜。
通過(guò)詢問(wèn)和反饋是尖，從其他的Scrum Master獲得的學(xué)習(xí)意系，以及閱讀那些和Scrum有關(guān)的書籍，我慢慢的提升自我饺汹。在博客上貼出前面?到的8個(gè)工作態(tài)度也同樣是這個(gè)旅程的一部分蛔添。
創(chuàng)造一個(gè)對(duì)Scrum Master角色更好的理解是我個(gè)人的使命。我不譴責(zé)我所提到的誤解兜辞。我想提供一些不同的觀點(diǎn)迎瞧，并邀請(qǐng)人們重新構(gòu)想Scrum Master的角色。
與敏捷項(xiàng)目管理相關(guān)的推薦資源
項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理 vs Scrum Master vs 項(xiàng)目負(fù)責(zé)人
For new contacts with Agile, project managers and scrum protagonists may look similar or even the same. But it is important to recognize the differences between the two, the possible overlap of certain tasks, and how they complement each other in large projects. ( 對(duì)于剛接觸Agile的人來(lái)說(shuō)逸吵，項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理和scrum主角可能看起來(lái)相似甚至相同凶硅。但重要的是要認(rèn)識(shí)到兩者之間的差異，認(rèn)識(shí)到某些任務(wù)可能重疊的地方扫皱，并認(rèn)識(shí)到它們?cè)诖笮晚?xiàng)目中如何相互補(bǔ)充足绅。)
Roles are key in Agile: The business fable of The Chicken and the Pig explains breakfast: pigs and chickens in the Scrum process. It’s a way to differentiate between roles in the Scrum/Agile world. (角色是敏捷的關(guān)鍵：雞和豬的商業(yè)寓言解釋了早餐：在Scrum過(guò)程中的豬和雞韩脑。這是一種區(qū)分Scrum/Agile世界中角色的方法氢妈。)
Scrum Master is considered to be a project manager in many projects, which is actually a misunderstanding. At the same time, I often see people who argue that Scrum Master is completely different from project managers. So what is Scrum Master’s responsibility? What can we do to become a qualified Scrum Master? ( Scrum Master被認(rèn)為是許多項(xiàng)目開發(fā)中的項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理段多，這實(shí)際上是一種誤解首量。與此同時(shí)，我經(jīng)常看到那些主張Scrum Master和項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理完全區(qū)別的人加缘。那么Scrum Master的責(zé)任是什么粥航？我們可以做些什么來(lái)成為一名合格的Scrum Master？)
如何成為Scrum項(xiàng)目的優(yōu)秀產(chǎn)品負(fù)責(zé)人生百？
Without a good product owner, the Scrum project will not succeed. It must be decisive, not only by referring to the required responsibilities, but also by embedding the following thinking patterns: 1) To continuously protect the best interests of customers in terms of functions provided. 2) Protect the organization as a whole in terms of strategic direction and return on investment. (如果沒有一個(gè)好的產(chǎn)品所有者递雀，Scrum項(xiàng)目就不會(huì)成功，他必須具有決定性蚀浆，不僅要求提到所要求的責(zé)任缀程，而且還要嵌入以下思維模式：1) 在提供的功能方面不斷保護(hù)客戶的最佳利益，2) 在戰(zhàn)略方向和投資回報(bào)率方面保護(hù)整個(gè)組織市俊。)
什么是產(chǎn)品負(fù)責(zé)人在Scrum中的角色杨凑？
Role and Responsibilities - The product owner who represents the company’s ownership of the product is a member of the Scrum team. However, the product owner has no authority over other members of the team, as is the case with Scrum Master. The product owner is responsible for the long-term care of the product and the success of the product. (代表公司擁有產(chǎn)品的產(chǎn)品負(fù)責(zé)人是Scrum團(tuán)隊(duì)的一員。但是摆昧，產(chǎn)品所有者對(duì)團(tuán)隊(duì)中的其他成員沒有權(quán)限撩满，與Scrum Master相同。產(chǎn)品負(fù)責(zé)人負(fù)責(zé)長(zhǎng)期照顧產(chǎn)品绅你，并負(fù)責(zé)實(shí)現(xiàn)產(chǎn)品成功伺帘。)
Scrum團(tuán)隊(duì)如何運(yùn)作？ – 簡(jiǎn)要指南
Scrum in a Nutshell: Scrum relies on which are periods of time when software development is actually done. A Sprint usually lasts from one week to one month to complete an item from the backlog. The goal of each Sprint is to create a potential shippable product. (Scrum依賴于軟件開發(fā)實(shí)際完成的時(shí)間段忌锯。沖刺通常持續(xù)一周到一個(gè)月伪嫁，以完成積壓的項(xiàng)目。每個(gè)沖刺的目標(biāo)都是創(chuàng)建一個(gè)潛在的可交付產(chǎn)品偶垮。)
如何成為Scrum項(xiàng)目的優(yōu)秀產(chǎn)品負(fù)責(zé)人张咳？
A product owner is the guardian of the product vision and goals, because it focuses on delivering business results and values for Scrum projects. So the question is how to be the best product owner? Based on our experience, we believe that the product owner should possess some key qualities. (產(chǎn)品所有者是產(chǎn)品遠(yuǎn)景和目標(biāo)的守護(hù)者，因?yàn)樗鼘Ｗ⒂跒镾crum項(xiàng)目提供業(yè)務(wù)結(jié)果和價(jià)值似舵。所以問(wèn)題是如何成為最好的產(chǎn)品擁有者脚猾？根據(jù)我們的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，我們認(rèn)為產(chǎn)品所有者應(yīng)該具備一些關(guān)鍵的品質(zhì)砚哗。)
A self-organizing team is a team that has the autonomy to choose how best to do its work, rather than being guided by others outside the team. ( 自組織團(tuán)隊(duì)是一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)，擁有自主選擇如何最好地完成工作频祝，而不是由團(tuán)隊(duì)外的其他人指導(dǎo)泌参。)
The Scrum team shares different tasks and responsibilities related to product delivery. Every role is closely related. It is recommended that Scrum team members work together in the same place as possible. Let’s look at these roles from the perspective of responsibility, authority and characteristics. (Scrum團(tuán)隊(duì)分享與產(chǎn)品交付相關(guān)的不同任務(wù)和職責(zé)常空。每個(gè)角色都密切相關(guān)。建議Scrum團(tuán)隊(duì)成員盡可能在同一位置一起工作盖溺。讓我們從責(zé)任漓糙，權(quán)限和特徵的角度來(lái)看看這些角色。)
Scrum中最經(jīng)常提到的10個(gè)基本規(guī)則
The main goal of Scrum rules is to optimize the development process and minimize waste of time. Scrum Master is responsible for ensuring that everyone follows Scrum project-related rules. These rules combine Scrum processes so that everyone knows how to play. (Scrum規(guī)則的主要目標(biāo)是優(yōu)化開發(fā)過(guò)程並最大限度地減少浪費(fèi)的時(shí)間烘嘱。在Scrum Master的是負(fù)責(zé)確保每個(gè)人都遵循的Scrum與項(xiàng)目相關(guān)的規(guī)則昆禽。這些規(guī)則將Scrum流程結(jié)合在一起蝗蛙，以便每個(gè)人都知道如何玩。)
