自動更新IP池
寫個自動獲取IP的類proxies.py，執(zhí)行一下把獲取的IP保存到txt文件中去:
代碼
# *-* coding:utf-8 *-*
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import lxml
from multiprocessing import Process, Queue
import random
import json
import time
import requests
class Proxies(object):
"""docstring for Proxies"""
def __init__(self, page=3):
self.proxies = []
self.verify_pro = []
self.page = page
self.headers = {
'Accept': '*/*',
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/45.0.2454.101 Safari/537.36',
'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, sdch',
'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8'
}
self.get_proxies()
self.get_proxies_nn()
def get_proxies(self):
page = random.randint(1,10)
page_stop = page + self.page
while page < page_stop:
url = 'http://www.xicidaili.com/nt/%d' % page
html = requests.get(url, headers=self.headers).content
soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'lxml')
ip_list = soup.find(id='ip_list')
for odd in ip_list.find_all(class_='odd'):
protocol = odd.find_all('td')[5].get_text().lower()+'://'
self.proxies.append(protocol + ':'.join([x.get_text() for x in odd.find_all('td')[1:3]]))
page += 1
def get_proxies_nn(self):
page = random.randint(1,10)
page_stop = page + self.page
while page < page_stop:
url = 'http://www.xicidaili.com/nn/%d' % page
html = requests.get(url, headers=self.headers).content
soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'lxml')
ip_list = soup.find(id='ip_list')
for odd in ip_list.find_all(class_='odd'):
protocol = odd.find_all('td')[5].get_text().lower() + '://'
self.proxies.append(protocol + ':'.join([x.get_text() for x in odd.find_all('td')[1:3]]))
page += 1
def verify_proxies(self):
# 沒驗證的代理
old_queue = Queue()
# 驗證后的代理
new_queue = Queue()
print ('verify proxy........')
works = []
for _ in range(15):
works.append(Process(target=self.verify_one_proxy, args=(old_queue,new_queue)))
for work in works:
work.start()
for proxy in self.proxies:
old_queue.put(proxy)
for work in works:
old_queue.put(0)
for work in works:
work.join()
self.proxies = []
while 1:
try:
self.proxies.append(new_queue.get(timeout=1))
except:
break
print ('verify_proxies done!')
def verify_one_proxy(self, old_queue, new_queue):
while 1:
proxy = old_queue.get()
if proxy == 0:break
protocol = 'https' if 'https' in proxy else 'http'
proxies = {protocol: proxy}
try:
if requests.get('http://www.baidu.com', proxies=proxies, timeout=2).status_code == 200:
print ('success %s' % proxy)
new_queue.put(proxy)
except:
print ('fail %s' % proxy)
if __name__ == '__main__':
a = Proxies()
a.verify_proxies()
print (a.proxies)
proxie = a.proxies
with open('proxies.txt', 'a') as f:
for proxy in proxie:
f.write(proxy+'\n')
執(zhí)行一下:
python proxies.py
這些有效的IP就會保存到proxies.txt文件中去
image.png
修改中間件middlewares.py的內(nèi)容為如下:
import random
import scrapy
from scrapy import log
# logger = logging.getLogger()
class ProxyMiddleWare(object):
"""docstring for ProxyMiddleWare"""
def process_request(self,request, spider):
'''對request對象加上proxy'''
proxy = self.get_random_proxy()
print("this is request ip:"+proxy)
request.meta['proxy'] = proxy
def process_response(self, request, response, spider):
'''對返回的response處理'''
# 如果返回的response狀態(tài)不是200，重新生成當前request對象
if response.status != 200:
proxy = self.get_random_proxy()
print("this is response ip:"+proxy)
# 對當前reque加上代理
request.meta['proxy'] = proxy
return request
return response
def get_random_proxy(self):
'''隨機從文件中讀取proxy'''
while 1:
with open('你保存的\proxies.txt', 'r') as f:
proxies = f.readlines()
if proxies:
break
else:
time.sleep(1)
proxy = random.choice(proxies).strip()
return proxy
修改下settings文件
DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
'scrapy.contrib.downloadermiddleware.httpproxy.HttpProxyMiddleware':None,
'myproxies.middlewares.ProxyMiddleWare':125,
'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.defaultheaders.DefaultHeadersMiddleware':None
}
這里的myproxies是工程的名字，middlewares是py文件的名,ProxyMiddleWare是類的名字
