一翰撑、條件(在VMWare上裝的)：

1. 操作系統(tǒng)：Ubuntu14.04
2. 磁盤空間：100G
   • 看你要裝的實(shí)例了，最好是大點(diǎn)吻氧，如果只是單純的測功能弄個40G也可以
   • 我是分了100G
3. 內(nèi)存：16G
   • 越大越好僚匆，一開始我分了4G憋飞，安裝過程各種報錯
4. 處理器開啟虛擬化
5. 單網(wǎng)卡(橋接模式或NAT都可以他炊，混雜模式)
   • 我本機(jī)橋接模式和NAT模式都測試過争剿，沒開混雜模式網(wǎng)絡(luò)可以互通
   • 但在VMWare ESXI上用橋接模式已艰，還得打開混雜模式才能正常
   • 本例介紹使用NAT模式吧，橋接模式也一樣
6. 管理IP網(wǎng)絡(luò)(IP:192.168.187.130, mask:255.255.255.0, gw: 192.168.187.2)
7. 浮動IP網(wǎng)絡(luò)(IP段: 192.168.187.200-220, mask:255.255.255.0, gw: 192.168.187.2)

二蚕苇、開始搭建

1. 設(shè)置root用戶密碼

   sudo su
   passwd
   

2. 安裝配置ssh服務(wù)

   1. apt install openssh-server
   2. vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config
    將PermitRootLogin改為yes哩掺，保存退出。
   3. 重啟ssh服務(wù)
    service ssh restart
   

3. 配置靜態(tài)IP

   // 切換到root   
   sudo su
   vi /etc/network/interfaces
   // 內(nèi)容
   auto ens33
   iface ens33 inet static
   address 192.168.187.130
   netmask 255.255.255.0
   gateway 192.168.187.2
   dns-nameserver 114.114.114.114
   
   保存后重啟網(wǎng)絡(luò)：
    /etc/init.d/networking restart
   

4. 將apt源換位國內(nèi)源
   4.1. 備份:

   cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
   

   4.2. 編輯：vi /etc/apt/sources.list

   deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse
   deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse
   deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse
   deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
   deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse
   deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse
   deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse
   deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse
   deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
   deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse
   

   5. 更新

   apt update
   apt upgrade
   

   6. 時間同步

   設(shè)定時區(qū)：dpkg-reconfigure tzdata
    選擇Asia -> 再選擇Shanghai -> OK
   同步時間命令：
        1. date -s <時間>
        或者：
        1. sudo apt-get install ntpdate // 安裝時間同步工具
        2. sudo ntpdate cn.pool.ntp.org // 與網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)器同步時間
        3. date // 查看時間是否已同步
   

   7. 安裝pip涩笤，并配置pip源

   mkdir ~/.pip
   vi ~/.pip/pip.conf
   // 添加：
   [global]
   index-url = http://pypi.douban.com/simple/
   trusted-host = pypi.douban.com
   

   8. 安裝git工具

   apt install git
   pip install -U os-testr
   

   9. 下載devstack(ocata版本)到/home目錄

   // 如果之前下載過嚼吞，直接解壓到/home目錄
   cd /home
   tar -xf devstack.tar.gz
   // 如果沒有下載過則：
   git clone https://git.openstack.org/openstack-dev/devstack -b stable/ocata
   

   10. 創(chuàng)建stack用戶

   cd /home/devstack/tools/
   ./create-stack-user.sh
   chown -R stack:stack /home/devstack
   

   11. 切換stack用戶

   sudo su - stack
   

   12. 安裝pip，并配置pip源

   mkdir ~/.pip
   vi ~/.pip/pip.conf
   // 添加：
   [global]
   index-url = http://pypi.douban.com/simple/
   trusted-host = pypi.douban.com
   

   13. 修改local.conf辆它，配置IP

   cd /home/devstack
   // 修改網(wǎng)絡(luò)
   // Credentials 設(shè)置密碼誊薄，
   // Branches設(shè)置要裝的openstack版本
   vim /home/devstack/local.conf
   // 我的配置
   

   [[local|localrc]]
   #Define images to be automatically downloaded during the DevStack built process.
   IMAGE_URLS="http://download.cirros-cloud.net/0.3.4/cirros-0.3.4-x86_64-disk.img"
   #change github to trystack
   GIT_BASE=${GIT_BASE:-http://git.trystack.cn}
   NOVNC_REPO=${NOVNC_REPO:-http://git.trystack.cn/kanaka/noVNC.git}
   # Credentials
   DATABASE_PASSWORD=password
   ADMIN_PASSWORD=password
   SERVICE_PASSWORD=password
   SERVICE_TOKEN=password
   RABBIT_PASSWORD=password
   #FLAT_INTERFACE=em1
   HOST_IP=192.168.187.130
   SERVICE_HOST=192.168.187.130
   MYSQL_HOST=192.168.187.130
   RABBIT_HOST=192.168.187.130
   GLANCE_HOSTPORT=192.168.187.130:9292
   ##Neutronoptions
   Q_USE_SECGROUP=True
   FLOATING_RANGE="192.168.187.0/24"
   FIXED_RANGE="10.0.0.0/24"
   Q_FLOATING_ALLOCATION_POOL=start=192.168.187.3,end=192.168.187.223
   PUBLIC_NETWORK_GATEWAY="192.168.187.2"
   Q_L3_ENABLED=True
   PUBLIC_INTERFACE=eth0
   Q_USE_PROVIDERNET_FOR_PUBLIC=True
   OVS_PHYSICAL_BRIDGE=br-ex
   PUBLIC_BRIDGE=br-ex
   OVS_BRIDGE_MAPPINGS=public:br-ex
   # Work offline
   #OFFLINE=True
   # Reclone each time
   RECLONE=yes
   # Branches Now the devstack have bug in keystone and neutron for liberty. so we need use master
   #KEYSTONE_BRANCH=stable/ocata
   #NOVA_BRANCH=stable/ocata
   #NEUTRON_BRANCH=stable/ocata
   #SWIFT_BRANCH=stable/ocata
   #GLANCE_BRANCH=stable/ocata
   #CINDER_BRANCH=stable/ocata
   #HEAT_BRANCH=stable/ocata
   #TROVE_BRANCH=stable/ocata
   #HORIZON_BRANCH=stable/ocata
   #SAHARA_BRANCH=stable/ocata
   #CEILOMETER_BRANCH=stable/ocata
   # Logging
   # -------
   # By default ``stack.sh`` output only goes to the terminal where it runs. It can
   # be configured to additionally log to a file by setting ``LOGFILE`` to the full
   # path of the destination log file. A timestamp will be appended to the given name.
   LOGFILE=/opt/stack/logs/stack.sh.log
   VERBOSE=TrueLOG_COLOR=True
   SCREEN_LOGDIR=/opt/stack/logs
   # the number of days by setting ``LOGDAYS``.
   LOGDAYS=1
   # Database Backend MySQL
   enable_service mysql
   # RPC Backend RabbitMQ
   enable_service rabbit
   # Enable Keystone - OpenStack Identity Service
   enable_service key
   # Horizon - OpenStack Dashboard Service
   enable_service horizon
   # Enable Swift - Object Storage Service without replication.
   enable_service s-proxy s-object s-container s-account
   SWIFT_HASH=66a3d6b56c1f479c8b4e70ab5c2000f5
   SWIFT_REPLICAS=1
   # Enable Glance - OpenStack Image service
   enable_service g-api g-reg
   # Enable Cinder - Block Storage service for OpenStack
   #VOLUME_GROUP="cinder-volumes"
   enable_service cinder c-api c-vol c-sch c-bak
   # Enable Heat (orchestration) Service
   #enable_service heat h-api h-api-cfn h-api-cw h-eng
   # Enable Trove (database) Service
   enable_service trove tr-api tr-tmgr tr-cond
   # Enable Sahara (data_processing) Service
   #enable_service sahara
   # Enable Tempest - The OpenStack Integration Test Suite
   enable_service tempest
   # Enabling Neutron (network) Service
   disable_service n-net
   enable_service q-svc
   enable_service q-agt
   enable_service q-dhcp
   enable_service q-l3
   enable_service q-meta
   enable_service q-metering
   enable_service neutron
   ## Neutron - Load Balancing
   #enable_service q-lbaas
   ## Neutron - Firewall as a Service
   #enable_service q-fwaas
   ## Neutron - VPN as a Service
   #enable_service q-vpn
   # VLAN configuration.
   Q_PLUGIN=ml2
   ENABLE_TENANT_VLANS=True
   # GRE tunnel configuration
   #Q_PLUGIN=ml2
   #ENABLE_TENANT_TUNNELS=True
   # VXLAN tunnel configuration
   #Q_PLUGIN=ml2
   #Q_ML2_TENANT_NETWORK_TYPE=vxlan
   # Enable Ceilometer - Metering Service (metering + alarming)
   enable_service ceilometer-acompute ceilometer-acentral ceilometer-collector ceilometer-api
   enable_service ceilometer-alarm-notify ceilometer-alarm-eval
   enable_service ceilometer-anotification
   ## Enable NoVNC
   enable_service n-novnc
   [[post-config|$NOVA_CONF]]
   [DEFAULT]
   # Ceilometer notification driverinstance_usage_audit=True
   instance_usage_audit_period=hour
   notify_on_state_change=vm_and_task_state
   notification_driver=nova.openstack.common.notifier.rpc_notifier
   notification_driver=ceilometer.compute.nova_notifier
   

   14. 修改git_base的協(xié)議為https

   cd /home/devstack
   vim stackrc
   修改GIT_BASE如下：
    GIT_BASE=${GIT_BASE:-http://git.openstack.org}
   

   15. 執(zhí)行安裝

   # 在stack用戶下執(zhí)行
   cd /home/devstack
   ./stack.sh
   

   16. 安裝完成

   顯示this is your ip等待履恩，代表安裝成功锰茉。
   

   17. 瀏覽器輸入ip，訪問openstack
   18. 注意: 虛擬機(jī)重啟后openstack服務(wù)不會自動運(yùn)行,
       18.1 恢復(fù)邏輯卷組

       sudo losetup /dev/loop0 /opt/stack/data/stack-volumes-default-backing-file
       sudo losetup /dev/loop1 /opt/stack/data/stack-volumes-lvmdriver-1-backing-file
       

       18.2 啟動服務(wù)

       cd /home/devstack
       // 啟動服務(wù)
       screen -c stack-screenrc 
       

常見問題

1. 出現(xiàn)pip版本過低切心，或pip fail

sudo pip install -U os-testr
或者
sudo pip install --upgrade pip
去掉/home/devstack/tools/cap-pip.txt的版本比較
或者
修改cap-pip.txt文件
  vi /home/devstack/tools/cap-pip.txt
  顯示 pip!=8,<10  將<10刪除就可以了

2. 出現(xiàn)Cannot uninstall 'httplib2'. It is a distutils installed project and thus we cannot accurately deter

解決方法：
cd /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
ls | grep 'httplib2'
mv httplib2-0.8.egg-info httplib2-0.8.egg-info_bak

3. 安裝tempest時飒筑，執(zhí)行tox --notest -efull時報錯
   3.1. pip版本不對,需pip install --upgrade,這是執(zhí)行這條指令無法解決。
   解決方法:

       cd /opt/stack/tempest
       1. vim tox.ini 修改如下：
           [testenv]
           ...
           #install_command = pip install {opts} {packages}
           install_command = ./create-env {opts} {packages}
       
       2. vim create-env // 創(chuàng)建create-env文件绽昏，文件內(nèi)容如下
           #!/usr/bin/env sh
           set -e
           pip install --upgrade pip
           pip install $@
       
       3. 把https改為http 就不會報下面2這個問題协屡。
   

   3.2. 錯誤如下:

   ERROR: could not install deps [-chttps://git.openstack.org/cgit/openstack/requirements/plain/upper-constraints.txt, -r/opt/stack/tempest/requirements.txt];
   v = InvocationError(u'/opt/stack/tempest/create-env -chttps://git.openstack.org/cgit/openstack/requirements/plain/upper-constraints.txt -r/opt/stack/tempest/requirements.txt', 1)
   

   解決方法:

   cd /opt/stack/tempest
       vim tox.ini 執(zhí)行如下指令：
       替換https->http
       :0,$s/https/http/g
   

4. devstack默認(rèn)創(chuàng)建邏輯卷比較小(10G)，安裝前可以調(diào)整(stack用戶下導(dǎo)入該環(huán)境變量)

```
export VOLUME_BACKING_FILE_SIZE=10240M
或者
// 在local.conf中添加
vim /home/devstack/local.conf
VOLUME_BACKING_FILE_SIZE=10240M
```

5. 如果已經(jīng)安裝完成了全谤，才發(fā)現(xiàn)邏輯卷不夠大肤晓，可以使用vgextend擴(kuò)展vg(邏輯卷組)
   參考:
   OpenStack使用本地磁盤創(chuàng)建或拓展邏輯卷組
   OpenStack添加新硬盤到LVM邏輯卷組