創(chuàng)建GUI程序的基本步驟為：

? 導入TK模塊
? 創(chuàng)建GUI應用程序的主窗口
? 添加控件或GUI應用程序
? 進入主事循環(huán)禾怠，等待響應用戶觸發(fā)事件

15種常見的TK控件

Button,Canvas,Checkbutton, Entry, Frame, Label,
Listbox, Menubutton, Menu, Message猖凛， Radiobutton,
Scale Scrollbar, Text, Toplevel, Spinbox
PanedWindow, LabelFrame, tkMessageBox

? 共同屬性
    ? Dimensions ：尺寸
    ? Colors：顏色
    ? Fonts：字體
    ? Anchors：錨
    ? Relief styles：浮雕式
    ? Bitmaps：顯示位圖
    ? Cursors：光標的外形
? 特有屬性

界面布局

? Tkinter三種幾何管理方法
    ? pack()
    ? grid()
    ? place()

創(chuàng)建GUI應用程序窗口代碼模板

from tkinter import *
tk = Tk()
...
tk.mainloop()

簡單的GUI示例

from tkinter import *
tk = Tk()
label = Label(tk, text = 'Welcom to Python Tkinter')
button = Button(tk, text = 'Click Me')
label.pack()
button.pack()
tk.mainloop()

簡單GUI

響應用戶事件示例

from tkinter import *

def processOK():
    print("OK button is clinked")

def processCancel():
    print("Cancel button is clinked")
    
def main():
    tk = Tk()
    btnOK = Button(tk, text = "OK", fg = "red",
                  command = processOK)
    btnCancel = Button(tk, text = "Cancel", bg = "yellow",
                     command = processCancel)
    btnOK.pack()
    btnCancel.pack()
    
    tk.mainloop()
main()

代碼執(zhí)行情況:

OK button is clinked
Cancel button is clinked
OK button is clinked
Cancel button is clinked

響應用戶事件

顯示圖片，文字大审，繪制圖形

from tkinter import *
#Tk模塊實例化余掖，定義GUI尺寸许布，和創(chuàng)建文字
tk = Tk()
canvas = Canvas(tk, width = 200, height = 200)
canvas.pack()
canvas.create_text(100,40,text = 'Welcome to Tkinter',
                 fill = 'blue', font = ('Times', 16) )
myImage = PhotoImage(file = "python_logo.gif")
canvas.create_image(10,70,anchor = NW, image = myImage )
canvas.create_rectangle(10,70,190,130)

tk.mainloop()

顯示圖，文字箍铭，繪制圖形

控制圖形移動的示例
通過鍵盤上下左右鍵控制紅色的方塊上下左右移動

from tkinter import *
#Tk模塊實例化泊柬，定義GUI尺寸
tk = Tk()
canvas = Canvas(tk, width = 400, height = 400)
canvas.pack()

#事件響應移動函數(shù)
def moverectangle(event):
    if event.keysym == "Up":
        canvas.move(1, 0, -5)
    elif event.keysym == "Down":
        canvas.move(1, 0, 5)
    elif event.keysym == "Left":
        canvas.move(1, -5, 0)
    elif event.keysym == "Right":
        canvas.move(1,5,0)

#創(chuàng)建方形函數(shù)
canvas.create_rectangle(10,10,50,50,fill="red")
#控制照片移動
#myImage = PhotoImage(file = "python_logo.gif")
#canvas.create_image(10,70,anchor = NW, image = myImage )
canvas.bind_all("<KeyPress-Up>",moverectangle)
canvas.bind_all("<KeyPress-Down>",moverectangle)
canvas.bind_all("<KeyPress-Left>",moverectangle)
canvas.bind_all("<KeyPress-Right>",moverectangle)
tk.mainloop()

控制圖形移動

控制照片移動

最后編輯于：2018.09.04 09:47:43

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