?On sports technology 1

The Olympic motto is "Citius, Altius, Fortius." Faster, Higher, Stronger.

ps:奧林匹克的座右銘是“Citius反肋，Altius，F(xiàn)ortius”钉嘹。更快剂娄，更高蠢涝，更強(qiáng)。

Olympic motto奧林匹克格言

Faster更快的;?快;?快速

Higher學(xué)生高級(jí)證書考試(應(yīng)試年齡一般在17至18歲);?高等級(jí)的;?級(jí)別較高的

Stronger強(qiáng)壯的;?強(qiáng)健的;?強(qiáng)的;?強(qiáng)勁的;?強(qiáng)烈的阅懦，深刻的;?strong的比較級(jí)

And athletes have fulfilled that motto rapidly.

ps:運(yùn)動(dòng)員們很快就實(shí)現(xiàn)了這一格言和二。

athletes運(yùn)動(dòng)員;?田徑運(yùn)動(dòng)員;?擅長(zhǎng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的人;?健兒;?athlete的復(fù)數(shù)

fulfilled感到滿足的;?覺得滿意的;?滿足的;?實(shí)現(xiàn);?履行;?執(zhí)行;?符合;?具備;?起…作用;?目的是;?fulfil的過去分詞和過去式;?fulfill的過去分詞和過去式

motto座右銘;?格言;?箴言

rapidly迅速;?高速;?急速地;?急促

The winner of the 2012 Olympic marathon ran two hours and eight minutes.

Had he been racing against the winner of the 1904 Olympic marathon, he would have won by nearly an hour and a half.

ps:如果他和1904年奧運(yùn)會(huì)馬拉松的冠軍賽跑的話，他將贏得將近一個(gè)半小時(shí)的比賽耳胎。

racing賽馬;?速度比賽;?比賽;?參加比賽;?使比賽;?讓…參加速度比賽;?快速移動(dòng)惯吕，快速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn);?race的現(xiàn)在分詞

against反對(duì);?與…相反;?逆;?違反;?對(duì)…不利;?緊靠;?倚;?碰;?撞

winner獲勝的人;?優(yōu)勝者;?成功者;?可能成功的人;?制勝的一記入球;?贏得比賽的一分

Olympic奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的;?奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)比賽項(xiàng)目

marathon馬拉松賽跑(距離約42公里，合26英里);?馬拉松式的活動(dòng);?需要極大持久力的

would(will的過去式怕午，用于轉(zhuǎn)述)將废登，將會(huì);?帶出想象的結(jié)果;?就會(huì);?想要;?希望;?愿意;?喜歡;?立定志向;?決心;?決意;?立遺囑將贈(zèng)與;?立遺囑贈(zèng)與;?will的過去式

won獲勝，贏;?贏得诗轻，奪取钳宪，獲得，掙得;?取得;?win的過去分詞和過去式

nearly幾乎;?差不多;?將近

an hour一小時(shí);?“an/per hour”的變體

Now we all have this feeling that we're somehow just getting better as a human race, inexorably progressing, but it's not like we've evolved into a new species in a century.

ps:現(xiàn)在我們都有這樣的感覺扳炬，作為一個(gè)人類咆爽，我們正以某種方式變得越來越好呢岗，不可阻擋地進(jìn)步，但這并不像我們?cè)谝粋€(gè)世紀(jì)里進(jìn)化成了一個(gè)新物種。

feeling感覺嫂用，感觸;?想法;?看法;?信念;?態(tài)度;?意見;?覺得;?感到;?體會(huì)到;?注意到渴杆，意識(shí)到甘穿，感覺到;?感覺到;?feel的現(xiàn)在分詞

somehow以某種方式;?由于某種未知的原因;?不知為什么;?不知怎么地

human race人類

inexorablyadv.無情地友浸；冷酷地

progressing進(jìn)步;?改進(jìn);?進(jìn)展;?前進(jìn);?行進(jìn);?推移，流逝;?progress的現(xiàn)在分詞

've(=value engineering)價(jià)值工程學(xué);?同“have”

evolved逐漸形成养晋，逐步發(fā)展衬吆，逐漸演變;?進(jìn)化;?進(jìn)化形成;?evolve的過去分詞和過去式

So what's going on here?

I want to take a look at what's really behind this march of athletic progress.

ps:我想看看這場(chǎng)運(yùn)動(dòng)進(jìn)步的背后到底是什么。

want to take欲以

what什么;?…的事物;?無論什么;?凡是…的事物;?多么;?真;?太

really事實(shí)上绳泉，真正地逊抡，真實(shí)地;?確實(shí)，的確;?加強(qiáng)形容詞或副詞的語氣

behind在…的后面;?在…的背面;?落后于;?支持;?贊成;?在后面較遠(yuǎn)處;?留在原地;?拖欠;?積壓;?義同bottom零酪，委婉說法冒嫡，即屁股

march齊步走;?行進(jìn);?前進(jìn)拇勃，進(jìn)發(fā);?使同行;?強(qiáng)迫一起走;?示威游行;?抗議游行;?行軍;?穩(wěn)步發(fā)展;?穩(wěn)步前進(jìn)

athletic健壯的;?體育運(yùn)動(dòng)的;?田徑運(yùn)動(dòng)的

progress進(jìn)步;?進(jìn)展;?進(jìn)程;?前進(jìn);?行進(jìn);?改進(jìn);?推移，流逝

In 1936, Jesse Owens held the world record in the 100 meters.

Had Jesse Owens been racing last year in the world championships of the 100 meters, when Jamaican sprinter Usain Bolt finished, Owens would have still had 14 feet to go.

ps:如果杰西·歐文斯去年參加了牙買加短跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員烏塞恩·博爾特的100米世錦賽孝凌，那么歐文斯還有14英尺的路要走方咆。

championships錦標(biāo)賽;?冠軍地位;?championship的復(fù)數(shù)

meters計(jì)量器，計(jì)量表;?計(jì);?儀;?表;?用儀表計(jì)量;?meter的第三人稱單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)

Jamaican牙買加人;?牙買加的;?牙買加人的;?牙買加文化的

sprinter短跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員;短程競(jìng)賽選手

Bolt閂蟀架，插銷;?螺栓;?閃電;?用插銷閂上;?能被閂上;?用螺栓把固定在一起;?脫韁;?突然地;?像箭似地;?直立地

finished完成;?不再與…打交道;?垮臺(tái);?失敗;?完蛋;?完成了的;?做好;?結(jié)束;?吃完瓣赂，喝光，用盡;?finish的

That's a lot in sprinter land.

ps:短道領(lǐng)域非常多片拍。

a lot常;?許多

sprinter短跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員;短程競(jìng)賽選手

land陸地;?大地;?地帶钩述，土地;?地產(chǎn);?地皮;?落;?降落;?著陸;?使平穩(wěn)著陸;?著陸，登陸

To give you a sense of how much it is, I want to share with you a demonstration conceived by sports scientist Ross Tucker.

Now picture the stadium last year at the world championships of the 100 meters: thousands of fans waiting with baited breath to see Usain Bolt, the fastest man in history; flashbulbs popping as the nine fastest men in the world coil themselves into their blocks.

ps:現(xiàn)在想象一下去年100米世錦賽上的體育場(chǎng)：成千上萬的球迷屏住呼吸等著看歷史上跑得最快的人烏塞恩·博爾特穆碎；當(dāng)世界上9個(gè)跑得最快的人蜷縮在他們的街區(qū)里時(shí)，閃光燈突然冒出來职恳。

stadium體育場(chǎng);?運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)

last year去年;?上年;?那個(gè)俱樂部去年解散了

thousands of幾千;?成千上萬

baited下誘餌;?在放誘餌;?激怒;?縱犬襲擊;?bait的過去分詞和過去式

in history在歷史中

flashbulbs閃光燈泡;?flashbulb的復(fù)數(shù)

popping發(fā)砰砰聲;?爆裂所禀，發(fā)爆裂聲;?去;?pop的現(xiàn)在分詞

coil纏繞，盤繞;?圈放钦，卷色徘，盤;?一圈;?線圈;?繞組

And I want you to pretend that Jesse Owens is in that race.

Now close your eyes for a second and picture the race.

Bang! The gun goes off.

An American sprinter jumps out to the front.

ps:一個(gè)美國(guó)短跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員跳到前面。

American美洲人;?美國(guó)人;?美國(guó)英語;?美洲的;?美國(guó)的

sprinter短跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員;短程競(jìng)賽選手

jumps跳;?躍;?跳躍;?跳過;?躍過;?跨越;?快速移動(dòng);?突然移動(dòng);?jump的第三人稱單數(shù)

front正面;?前面;?正前方;?前部;?前面的;?前部的;?在前的;?正面的;?舌前位發(fā)的;?舌前的;?面向;?在…前面;?朝;?向;?用…作正面;?用…覆蓋正面;?領(lǐng)導(dǎo)操禀，代表

Usain Bolt starts to catch him.?

?Usain Bolt passes him, and as the runners come to the finish, you'll hear a beep as each man crosses the line.?

ps:烏塞恩·博爾特超過了他褂策，當(dāng)選手們到達(dá)終點(diǎn)時(shí)，你們會(huì)聽到一聲嗶嗶的響聲颓屑，因?yàn)槊總€(gè)人都過了線斤寂。

Bolt閂，插銷;?螺栓;?閃電;?用插銷閂上;?能被閂上;?用螺栓把固定在一起;?脫韁;?突然地;?像箭似地;?直立地

passes通過;?走過;?沿某方向前進(jìn);?向某方向移動(dòng);?使沿移動(dòng);?使達(dá)到;?pass的第三人稱單數(shù)

runners奔跑的人揪惦，奔跑的動(dòng)物;?走私者;?偷運(yùn)者;?條狀滑行裝置;?runner的復(fù)數(shù)

come to恢復(fù)知覺;?蘇醒

finish完成;?做好;?結(jié)束;?吃完遍搞，喝光，用盡;?最后部分;?結(jié)尾;?結(jié)局;?末道漆;?拋光;?成品表面;?最后精細(xì)加工

hear聽見;?聽到;?聽;?注意聽;?傾聽;?聽說;?得知

beep嘟嘟聲器腋，嗶嗶聲;?發(fā)出嗶嗶聲;?發(fā)出嘟嘟聲

each各自溪猿，各個(gè)，每個(gè)

crosses叉字形記號(hào);?十字形記號(hào);?十字架;?穿越;?越過;?橫過;?渡過;?交叉;?相交;?使交叉;?使交疊;?cross的第三人稱單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)

line線;?線條;?界線;?場(chǎng)地線纫塌，場(chǎng)界;?皺紋;?褶子;?做襯里;?形成一層;?沿…形成行

That's the entire finish of the race.

You can open your eyes now.

That first beep was Usain Bolt.?

That last beep was Jesse Owens.?

Listen to it again.?

When you think of it like that, it's not that big a difference, is it?

And then consider that Usain Bolt started by propelling himself out of blocks down a specially fabricated carpet designed to allow him to travel as fast as humanly possible.

ps:然后考慮一下烏塞恩·博爾特一開始是把自己從一塊特制的地毯上推出來的诊县，這種地毯是為了讓他能夠盡可能快地行走。

propelling推動(dòng);?驅(qū)動(dòng);?推進(jìn);?驅(qū)使;?迫使;?推搡;?propel的現(xiàn)在分詞

out of從…里面措左；離開;?從…的狀態(tài)中;?越出…之外

blocks大塊;?立方體;?大樓;?一棟樓房;?四面臨街的一方塊樓群;?街區(qū);?堵塞;?阻塞;?堵住;?擋住;?妨礙;?阻礙;?block的第三人稱單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)

specially專門地;?特意;?格外;?特別;?尤其

fabricated編造;?捏造;?制造;?裝配;?組裝;?fabricate的過去分詞和過去式

carpet地毯;?覆蓋地面的一層厚東西;?用地毯鋪地;?把…厚厚地覆蓋;?厚厚地鋪上;?訓(xùn)斥;?斥責(zé)

fast as和…一樣快依痊，迅速，立即

humanly在人力所能及的范圍內(nèi);?以人特有的方式

Jesse Owens, on the other hand, ran on cinders, the ash from burnt wood, and that soft surface stole far more energy from his legs as he ran.

ps:另一方面媳荒，杰西·歐文斯在燃燒的木屑上奔跑抗悍，那柔軟的表面在他奔跑的時(shí)候從他的腿上偷走了更多的能量驹饺。

on the other hand另一方面

cinders灰渣;?煤渣;?爐渣;?cinder的復(fù)數(shù)

ash灰;?灰燼;?廢墟;?骨灰

burnt燒壞的;?燒傷的;?燙傷的;?灼傷的;?燃燒;?燒;?著火;?燒著;?燒毀，燒壞缴渊，燒傷赏壹，燒死;?burn的過去分詞和過去式

and that而且，并且

stole女用披肩;?圣帶;?偷;?竊取;?偷偷地移動(dòng);?steal的過去式

far more許多;?多得多的;?更多的

legs腿;?動(dòng)物的腿衔沼，腿肉;?褲腿;?leg的第三人稱單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)

Rather than blocks, Jesse Owens had a gardening trowel that he had to use to dig holes in the cinders to start from.

ps:杰西·歐文斯沒有用積木蝌借，而是用一把園藝用的泥刀在煤渣上挖洞。

Rather than而不

Jesse耶西

Owens歐文斯（Jesse指蚁，1913—1980菩佑，美國(guó)黑人短跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員）

gardening做園藝工作;?種植花木;?garden的現(xiàn)在分詞

trowel小鏟子;?瓦刀，鏝刀凝化，抹子

use to應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域;?用途;?習(xí)慣

dig掘;?鑿;?挖;?掘得;?掘出;?尋找稍坯，搜尋;?輕碰，輕戳搓劫，輕推;?挖苦;?嘲諷;?考古發(fā)掘

holes洞;?孔;?坑;?裂口;?開口;?孔眼;?洞穴;?巢穴;?打洞瞧哟，造成破洞;?擊球入洞;?hole的第三人稱單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)

cinders英 [?s?nd?z] 美 [?s?nd?rz] n.灰渣;煤渣;爐渣c(diǎn)inder的復(fù)數(shù)

start from出發(fā);?從…開始

Biomechanical?analysis?of the speed of Owens' joints shows that?had?he been running on the same surface as Bolt, he wouldn't have been 14 feet behind, he would have been within one stride.

ps:對(duì)歐文斯關(guān)節(jié)速度的生物力學(xué)分析顯示，如果他和博爾特在同一個(gè)平面上跑步枪向，他不會(huì)落后14英尺勤揩，他會(huì)在一步之內(nèi)。

analysis分析秘蛔，分析結(jié)果;?分析

Owens歐文斯（Jesse陨亡，1913—1980，美國(guó)黑人短跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員）

joints關(guān)節(jié);?接頭;?接合處;?接點(diǎn);?一塊烤肉;?把…切成帶骨的大塊肉;?joint的第三人稱單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)

running跑;?跑步;?管理;?操縱;?操作;?走私;?偷運(yùn);?(置于數(shù)字和year深员、day或time等名詞后负蠕，表示同樣的事一再重復(fù))連續(xù);?活的，流淌的倦畅，流動(dòng)的;?持久的;?連續(xù)不斷的;?奔跑;?做跑步運(yùn)動(dòng);?run的現(xiàn)在分詞

surface表面;?表層;?面;?水面;?地面;?液面;?頂面虐急，操作臺(tái);?升到水面;?浮出水面;?露面，重新出現(xiàn)滔迈，顯露止吁，被披露;?醒來;?起床

Bolt閂，插銷;?螺栓;?閃電;?用插銷閂上;?能被閂上;?用螺栓把固定在一起;?脫韁;?突然地;?像箭似地;?直立地

have been來過

feetfoot 的復(fù)數(shù)

behind在…的后面;?在…的背面;?落后于;?支持;?贊成;?在后面較遠(yuǎn)處;?留在原地;?拖欠;?積壓;?義同bottom燎悍，委婉說法敬惦，即屁股

stride大步走;?闊步行走;?大步;?一步;?步態(tài);?步伐;?進(jìn)展;?進(jìn)步;?發(fā)展

Rather than the last beep, Owens would have been the second beep.?

ps:歐文斯不是最后一聲，而是第二聲谈山。

Rather than而不

last最后的;?最末的;?末尾的;?最近的;?上一個(gè)的;?僅剩下的;?最終的;?最后;?最終;?終結(jié);?最新;?最近;?上一次;?最后來的人;?僅剩下的部分;?持續(xù);?繼續(xù);?延續(xù);?繼續(xù)存在;?持續(xù)起作用;?持久;?堅(jiān)持下去;?超越;?鞋楦

beep嘟嘟聲俄删，嗶嗶聲;?發(fā)出嗶嗶聲;?發(fā)出嘟嘟聲

Owens歐文斯（Jesse，1913—1980，美國(guó)黑人短跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員）

would(will的過去式畴椰，用于轉(zhuǎn)述)將臊诊，將會(huì);?帶出想象的結(jié)果;?就會(huì);?想要;?希望;?愿意;?喜歡;?立定志向;?決心;?決意;?立遺囑將贈(zèng)與;?立遺囑贈(zèng)與;?will的過去式

have been來過

second第二;?居第二位的;?另外的;?外加的;?以第二名;?以第二位;?第二，其次;?秒;?片刻;?瞬

Listen to it again.?

That's the difference track surface technology has made, and it's done it throughout the running world.

ps:這就是賽道表面技術(shù)的不同之處斜脂，它已經(jīng)在整個(gè)跑步世界中實(shí)現(xiàn)了

difference差別;?差異;?不同;?變化;?差;?差額;?意見分歧;?不和;?辨別;?區(qū)分

technology科技;?工藝;?工程技術(shù);?技術(shù)學(xué);?工藝學(xué);?技術(shù)性機(jī)器

made…制造的;?制作…的;?制造;?做;?組裝;?寫;?出產(chǎn);?制訂;?鋪床;?make的過去分詞和過去式

done完畢;?了結(jié);?結(jié)束;?煮熟;?熟了;?合乎禮儀;?合乎規(guī)矩;?得體;?行抓艳，好;?做，干帚戳，辦;?做;?行動(dòng);?表現(xiàn);?進(jìn)展玷或，進(jìn)行;?do的過去分詞

throughout各處;?遍及;?自始至終;?貫穿整個(gè)時(shí)期;?始終;?處處;?在所有方面

running跑;?跑步;?管理;?操縱;?操作;?走私;?偷運(yùn);?(置于數(shù)字和year、day或time等名詞后片任，表示同樣的事一再重復(fù))連續(xù);?活的偏友，流淌的，流動(dòng)的;?持久的;?連續(xù)不斷的;?奔跑;?做跑步運(yùn)動(dòng);?run的現(xiàn)在分詞

world世界;?地球;?天下;?某地域的人類社會(huì);?星球对供，天體

Questions:

1.What advantage did Usain Bolt have over Jesse Owens??

He had access to better technology.

2.what is the purpose of his presentation?

to discuss why athletes seemingly have progressed so much.

3.To"take a stride" means?

to take a long step while walking or running.

4.How does the cinders affect Owens' speed?

They stole energy from his legs which?resulted in a slower time.

5.Why does Epstein use the sound recording??

to show how technology can improve an athlete's performance

Fill in the blanks:

Biomechanical?analysis?of the speed of Owens' joints shows that?had?he been running on the same surface as Bolt, he wouldn't have been 14 feet behind, he would have been within one stride.

Read? and repeat the sentences:

1.Athletes have accomplished greater feats over the last century.

2.I want to take a look at what's really behind this march of athletic progress.

3.That's the difference track surface technology has made, and it's done it throughout the running world

4.If a process is inexorable, it cannot be stopped.

5.The cinders slowed Owens down which resulted in a slower time.

6.The sound recording helps show the difference technology can make in a race.

7.I want to take a look at what's really behind this march of athletic progress.