Rock properties巖石的特性

There are many types of rock. Each has its own properties.巖石有很多種類，每一種都有自己的特性华临。

?Rocks can be soft or hard.巖石可硬可軟芯杀。 It is easy to scratch a soft rock在軟巖石上劃痕很容易. It is hard to scratch a hard rock.在堅(jiān)硬的巖石上劃痕很難。

?Rocks can be porous and non porous. 巖石可以具有滲透性也有具有不滲透性。Water can soak into a porous rock水可以將一個(gè)可滲透的巖石浸透, and some rocks can be more porous than others.有些巖石比其他巖石更具浸透性. Water cannot soak into a non-porous rock.水不能浸透一個(gè)具有不滲透性的巖石

Chalk is soft and porous .白堊(白堊（chalk）揭厚，又稱白土粉却特、白土子、白埴土筛圆、白善裂明、白墡、「白墠」太援。白堊是一種微細(xì)的碳酸鈣的沉積物闽晦，是方解石的變種。白堊一般主要是指分布在西歐的白堊紀(jì)的地層提岔，而白堊紀(jì)一名即由此而來仙蛉。)是柔軟和可浸透的。

Granite is hard and non-porous.花崗巖是堅(jiān)硬和不可浸透的碱蒙。

Crystals or grains?結(jié)晶還是顆粒?

Some types of rock are made up of crystals. The are no gaps between the crystals. The rocks are often hard and non-porous.

有些巖石由結(jié)晶物質(zhì)組成荠瘪。結(jié)晶體之間沒有空隙.這些巖石通常堅(jiān)硬、且不可滲透.

Some types of rock, such as chalk,are made up of grains.There are gaps between the grains.These rocks are porous and soft.

有些巖石振亮，比如白堊巧还，由顆粒組成.顆粒之間有空隙.這些巖石通常可滲透且柔軟.

keyword:關(guān)鍵詞

porous :water can soak into porous material

滲透:水可以浸潤滲透性的物質(zhì)(材料)

Crystal: A piece of solid material with a regular shape and flat faces.

結(jié)晶:一塊實(shí)體的物質(zhì)坊秸，且有著規(guī)則的形狀和平滑的表面.

Grain: A small piece of solid material that does not have a regular shape.

一小塊實(shí)體物質(zhì)麸祷，且沒有規(guī)則的形狀.

Fossils化石

Rocks that are made up of grains may contain fossils.A fossil is the remains, or traces,of a plant or animal that lived long ago. Remains include the bones,teeth or even faeces (poo!).

由顆粒組成的巖石有可能包含化石“Γ化石是很久以前省的植物或動(dòng)物的遺體或遺跡阶牍。遺體包括骨骼，牙齒或糞便.

Here is how a fish fossil may form:這是一個(gè)魚化石可能得行程過程.

1. The fish dies and sinks quickly to the seabed.魚死去并很快沉至海床.

2.Its soft body parts decay.魚的柔軟的部分開始腐敗.

3.Layers of sand bury the hard body parts.沙層把堅(jiān)硬的部分掩埋

4. Over many years the hard parts form fossils.經(jīng)過很多年星瘾，那個(gè)堅(jiān)硬的部分形成了花粉.

Only a few individual animals or plants form fossils when they die只有一些個(gè)體動(dòng)物和中文在死去時(shí)形成了化石.For example,比如, most Tyrannosaurus rex dinosaurs did not form fossils,大多數(shù)暴龍沒有形成化石,but a small number of them did但是一小部分的暴龍形成了化石. This is because may decay completely before they are buried, or are eaten. 這是因?yàn)樗麄冊诒宦裨崆熬鸵呀?jīng)腐敗或被吃掉.Some die in places where they could not be buried.有些死在了不能被掩埋的地方.

Fossils provide information about living things from long ago. They are evidence for evolution.化石提供了很多年前的生物信息. 他們是進(jìn)化論的證走孽。

keyword:Fossile: The preserved remains or traces of an animal or plant that lives many years ago.

關(guān)鍵詞:化石:被保存的生活在很多年以前的動(dòng)物或植物的遺物或遺跡

Soil 土壤

Soil is a mixture of tiny pieces of rock, dead plants and dead animals.It also includes air and water.

土壤是一種混合物，它混合了細(xì)小的巖石琳状，死去的植物和動(dòng)物磕瓷。土壤里還包括空氣和水。

Different soils have different amounts of these things, and are suitable for different plants.

不同的土壤會(huì)有不同量的這些東西 以適合不能的植物.