1. Flask介紹

Flask是一個(gè)使用 Python 編寫的輕量級(jí) Web 應(yīng)用框架哈恰，使用簡(jiǎn)單操作方便散罕，很適合開發(fā)輕量級(jí)的API接口蹭睡，讓Android程序員從此不再去問后臺(tái)要測(cè)試接口了车海。

2. 簡(jiǎn)單使用

1.安裝
pip3 install Falsk
2.使用

from flask import Flask

#初始化
app = Flask(__name__)

#路由
@app.route('/')
def gello_world():
    return 'Hello Flask'

if __name__ == '__main__':
    #開啟service
    app.run()

運(yùn)行這個(gè)python文件變啟動(dòng)了服務(wù)碧浊，默認(rèn)8080端口

3. 項(xiàng)目實(shí)戰(zhàn)

實(shí)戰(zhàn)目標(biāo)：實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)注冊(cè)登陸的接口砚尽，JSON格式

1.準(zhǔn)備數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)相關(guān)

2.db.py
數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)使用的是sqlalchemy

# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
from operator import or_
from sqlalchemy import create_engine, Table, MetaData
from sqlalchemy.ext.automap import automap_base
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker, mapper
from sqlalchemy.pool import NullPool
import traceback
'''
解決中文亂碼
1.create_engine中添加charset=utf8，encoding='utf-8'
2.表中添加__table_args__ = {
        "mysql_charset": "utf8"
    }
'''
# 獲取實(shí)體數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)連接
engine = create_engine('mysql+pymysql://root:1234@127.0.0.1:3306/python?charset=utf8',
                       encoding='utf-8',
                       echo=False,
                       poolclass=NullPool)

metadata = MetaData(engine)

# 反射全庫(kù) 開始
metadata.reflect(bind=engine)
print('獲取所有表名：', metadata.tables.keys())
# 反射全庫(kù) 結(jié)束

Base = automap_base()

Base.prepare(engine, reflect=True)
print('獲取所有對(duì)象名:', Base.classes.keys())

db_session = sessionmaker(bind=engine)

def login(user_name, user_psw):
    '''
    登陸
    :param user_name: 
    :param user_psw: 
    :return: 
    '''
    session = db_session()
    db_user = Base.classes.user
    try:
        user = session.query(db_user).filter(
            db_user.user == user_name,
            db_user.psw == user_psw).one()
        return user
    except BaseException:
        message = traceback.format_exc()
        if not message.__contains__('No row was found for one()'):
            #無(wú)此用戶信息
            print(message)
        session.close()
        return None

def register(user_name, user_psw, user_phone):
    '''
    注冊(cè)
    :param user_name: 
    :param user_psw: 
    :param user_phone: 
    :return: 
    '''
    session = db_session()
    db_user = Base.classes.user
    count = session.query(db_user).filter(
        or_(db_user.phone == user_phone,
            db_user.user == user_name)
    ).count()
    if int(count) > 0:
        return False
    user = db_user(user=user_name, psw=user_psw, phone=user_phone)
    session.add(user)
    session.commit()
    session.close()
    return True

3.servier.py

# 簡(jiǎn)單的flask接口服務(wù)

from flask import Flask, request, jsonify
import sys
import threading
import time

import db
from util import is_phone_num

server = Flask(__name__)

@server.route('/test/login', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def login():
    print(threading.current_thread().name)
    username = request.values.get("username")
    psw = request.values.get('psw')
    if not username or not psw:
        return jsonify({'code': 400, 'msg': '參數(shù)缺省'})
    user = db2.login(username, psw)
    if user:
        res = {'code': 200, 'msg': '登錄成功', 'user': {
            'username': user.user,
            'phone': user.phone,
            'registerTime': str(user.registerTime)
        }}
    else:
        res = {'code': 400, 'msg': '賬號(hào)或密碼錯(cuò)誤'}
    return jsonify(res)

@server.route('/test/register', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def register():
    username = request.values.get("username")
    psw = request.values.get('psw')
    phone = request.values.get('phone')
    if not username or not psw or not phone:
        return jsonify({'code': 400, 'msg': '參數(shù)缺省'})
    if not is_phone_num(phone):
        return jsonify({'code': 400, 'msg': '手機(jī)號(hào)非法'})
    success = db2.register(username, psw, phone)
    return jsonify(
        {'code': 200 if success else 400, 'msg': '尊敬的{},恭喜您注冊(cè)成功'.format(username) if success else '用戶信息已被注冊(cè)'})

if __name__ == '__main__':
    server.run(
        port=8889, #自定義端口
        debug=True,#是否開啟debug模式
        host='192.168.0.105',#指定host
        threaded=True#是否開啟多線程
    )

4.接口

◣
Path:
http://192.168.0.105:8889/test/register?username=TangRen&psw=m123456&phone=18600000000
{
    "code": 200,
    "msg": "尊敬的TangRen,恭喜您注冊(cè)成功"
}

◣
Path:
http://192.168.0.105:8889/test/login?username=TangRen&psw=m123456
{
    "code": 200,
    "msg": "登錄成功",
    "user": {
        "phone": "18600000000",
        "registerTime": "2019-06-24 22:11:46",
        "username": "TangRen"
    }
}

4. 總結(jié)

Python大法好