Maven Web應(yīng)用
本教程將教你如何管理使用Maven版本控制系統(tǒng)管理一個(gè)基于Web項(xiàng)目救赐。在這里，將學(xué)習(xí)如何創(chuàng)建/構(gòu)建/部署和運(yùn)行Web應(yīng)用程序：
創(chuàng)建Web應(yīng)用程序
要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建一個(gè)簡單的java web應(yīng)用程序毯侦，我們將使用Maven的原型 - web應(yīng)用插件。因此，讓我們打開命令控制臺(tái)受扳，進(jìn)入到C： MVN目錄并執(zhí)行以下命令mvn命令序无。
C:MVN>mvn archetype:generate
-DgroupId=com.companyname.automobile
-DartifactId=trucks
-DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-webapp
-DinteractiveMode=false
Maven會(huì)開始處理验毡，并建立完整的基于Web的Java應(yīng)用程序項(xiàng)目結(jié)構(gòu)。
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] Searching repository for plugin with prefix: 'archetype'.
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building Maven Default Project
[INFO] task-segment: [archetype:generate] (aggregator-style)
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Preparing archetype:generate
[INFO] No goals needed for project - skipping
[INFO] [archetype:generate {execution: default-cli}]
[INFO] Generating project in Batch mode
[INFO] --------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Using following parameters for creating project
from Old (1.x) Archetype: maven-archetype-webapp:1.0
[INFO] --------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Parameter: groupId, Value: com.companyname.automobile
[INFO] Parameter: packageName, Value: com.companyname.automobile
[INFO] Parameter: package, Value: com.companyname.automobile
[INFO] Parameter: artifactId, Value: trucks
[INFO] Parameter: basedir, Value: C:MVN
[INFO] Parameter: version, Value: 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] project created from Old (1.x) Archetype in dir: C:MVN rucks
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESSFUL
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 16 seconds
[INFO] Finished at: Tue Jul 17 11:00:00 IST 2012
[INFO] Final Memory: 20M/89M
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------------
現(xiàn)在去到C:/ MVN目錄愉镰。您將看到創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)名為trucks （如artifactId指定）一個(gè)java應(yīng)用程序項(xiàng)目米罚。
Maven使用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的目錄結(jié)構(gòu)。用上面的例子中丈探，我們可以了解到以下關(guān)鍵概念
| 文件夾結(jié)構(gòu) | 描述 |
|---|---|
| trucks | contains src folder and pom.xml |
| src/main/webapp | contains index.jsp and WEB-INF folder. |
| src/main/webapp/WEB-INF | contains web.xml |
| src/main/resources | it contains images/properties files . |
POM.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.companyname.automobile</groupId>
<artifactId>trucks</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>trucks Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>trucks</finalName>
</build>
</project>
Maven還創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)示例JSP源文件
打開 C: > MVN > trucks > src > main > webapp > 文件夾录择，你會(huì)看到index.jsp。
<html>
<body>
<h2>Hello World!</h2>
</body>
</html>
構(gòu)建Web應(yīng)用程序
讓我們打開命令控制臺(tái)碗降，進(jìn)入到C:MVN rucks目錄并執(zhí)行以下命令mvn命令隘竭。
C:MVN rucks>mvn clean package
Maven將開始建設(shè)該項(xiàng)目。
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building trucks Maven Webapp
[INFO] task-segment: [clean, package]
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] [clean:clean {execution: default-clean}]
[INFO] [resources:resources {execution: default-resources}]
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to
copy filtered resources,i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] Copying 0 resource
[INFO] [compiler:compile {execution: default-compile}]
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO] [resources:testResources {execution: default-testResources}]
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to
copy filtered resources,i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory
C:MVN ruckssrc est
esources
[INFO] [compiler:testCompile {execution: default-testCompile}]
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO] [surefire:test {execution: default-test}]
[INFO] No tests to run.
[INFO] [war:war {execution: default-war}]
[INFO] Packaging webapp
[INFO] Assembling webapp[trucks] in [C:MVN rucks arget rucks]
[INFO] Processing war project
[INFO] Copying webapp resources[C:MVN ruckssrcmainwebapp]
[INFO] Webapp assembled in[77 msecs]
[INFO] Building war: C:MVN rucks arget rucks.war
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESSFUL
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 3 seconds
[INFO] Finished at: Tue Jul 17 11:22:45 IST 2012
[INFO] Final Memory: 11M/85M
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------------------
部署Web應(yīng)用程序
現(xiàn)在復(fù)制創(chuàng)建的trucks.war 到C: > MVN > trucks > target >文件夾到web服務(wù)器的webapp目錄下讼渊，然后重新啟動(dòng)Web服務(wù)器动看。
測試Web應(yīng)用程序
使用URL運(yùn)行Web應(yīng)用程序 : http://<server-name>:<port-number>/trucks/index.jsp
驗(yàn)證輸出。
