//同步: 不會開啟新線程(特點:阻塞當(dāng)前線程)
//異步: 具備開辟新線程的能力,但是并不一定開辟新線程(特點:不會阻塞當(dāng)前線程)
//串行: 先進先出,必須完成上一個任務(wù),才能執(zhí)行下一個任務(wù)
//并發(fā):
//同步和異步: 針對的是線程
//串行和并發(fā): 針對的是隊列
//多線程,會消耗CPU的資源: 一條子線程占512kb的內(nèi)存,主線程占1M內(nèi)存
//多線程原理: CPU在不同線程之間快速切換
//任務(wù): block代碼塊
//死鎖: 2個任務(wù)相互等待.你等我執(zhí)行完,我等你執(zhí)行完
//同步并發(fā)
- (void)syncConcurrent {
NSLog(@"begin");
dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("com.gcd", DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT);
dispatch_sync(queue, ^{
NSLog(@"任務(wù)1, %@", [NSThread currentThread]);
});
dispatch_sync(queue, ^{
NSLog(@"任務(wù)2, %@", [NSThread currentThread]);
});
dispatch_sync(queue, ^{
NSLog(@"任務(wù)3, %@", [NSThread currentThread]);
});
NSLog(@"end");
}
//異步并發(fā)
- (void)asyncConcurrent {
NSLog(@"begin");
dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("com.gcd", DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT);
dispatch_async(queue, ^{
NSLog(@"任務(wù)1, %@", [NSThread currentThread]);
});
dispatch_async(queue, ^{
NSLog(@"任務(wù)2, %@", [NSThread currentThread]);
});
dispatch_async(queue, ^{
NSLog(@"任務(wù)3, %@", [NSThread currentThread]);
});
NSLog(@"end");
}
//異步串行
- (void)asyncSerial {
NSLog(@"begin");
dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("com.gcd", DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL);
dispatch_async(queue, ^{
NSLog(@"任務(wù)1, %@", [NSThread currentThread]);
});
dispatch_async(queue, ^{
NSLog(@"任務(wù)2, %@", [NSThread currentThread]);
});
dispatch_async(queue, ^{
NSLog(@"任務(wù)3, %@", [NSThread currentThread]);
});
NSLog(@"end");
}
//同步串行
- (void)syncSerial {
NSLog(@"begin");
dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("com.gcd", DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL);
dispatch_sync(queue, ^{
NSLog(@"任務(wù)1, %@", [NSThread currentThread]);
});
dispatch_sync(queue, ^{
NSLog(@"任務(wù)2, %@", [NSThread currentThread]);
});
dispatch_sync(queue, ^{
NSLog(@"任務(wù)3, %@", [NSThread currentThread]);
});
NSLog(@"end");
}
//同步并發(fā)嵌套(同步)
- (void)syncConcurrent_sync {
NSLog(@"begin");
dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("com.gcd", DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT);
dispatch_sync(queue, ^{
NSLog(@"任務(wù)1, %@", [NSThread currentThread]);
dispatch_async(queue, ^{
NSLog(@"任務(wù)2, %@", [NSThread currentThread]);
});
NSLog(@"任務(wù)3, %@", [NSThread currentThread]);
});
NSLog(@"end");
}
//同步并發(fā)嵌套(異步)
- (void)syncConcurrent_async {
NSLog(@"begin");
dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("com.gcd", DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT);
dispatch_sync(queue, ^{
NSLog(@"任務(wù)1, %@", [NSThread currentThread]);
dispatch_async(queue, ^{
NSLog(@"任務(wù)2, %@", [NSThread currentThread]);
});
NSLog(@"任務(wù)3, %@", [NSThread currentThread]);
});
NSLog(@"end");
}
//同步串行嵌套(異步)
- (void)syncSerial_async {
NSLog(@"begin");
dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("com.gcd", DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL);
dispatch_sync(queue, ^{
NSLog(@"任務(wù)1, %@", [NSThread currentThread]);
dispatch_async(queue, ^{
NSLog(@"任務(wù)2, %@", [NSThread currentThread]);
});
NSLog(@"任務(wù)3, %@", [NSThread currentThread]);
});
NSLog(@"end");
}
//異步串行嵌套(異步)
- (void)asyncSerial_async {
NSLog(@"begin");
dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("com.gcd", DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL);
dispatch_async(queue, ^{
NSLog(@"任務(wù)1, %@", [NSThread currentThread]);
dispatch_async(queue, ^{
NSLog(@"任務(wù)2, %@", [NSThread currentThread]);
});
NSLog(@"任務(wù)3, %@", [NSThread currentThread]);
});
NSLog(@"end");
}
//異步串行嵌套(同步)--->死鎖
- (void)asyncSerial_sync {
NSLog(@"begin");
dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("com.gcd", DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL);
dispatch_async(queue, ^{//block1
NSLog(@"任務(wù)1, %@", [NSThread currentThread]);
dispatch_sync(queue, ^{//block2
NSLog(@"任務(wù)2, %@", [NSThread currentThread]);
});
NSLog(@"任務(wù)3, %@", [NSThread currentThread]);
});
NSLog(@"end");
//block1和block2兩個任務(wù)死鎖
}
//1踱蠢、創(chuàng)建主線程(串行)
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
//刷新界面代碼
});
//2总放、創(chuàng)建異步線程(并行)
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0), ^{
//比較耗時的代碼放這里
});
//3、gcd延遲
double delayInSeconds = 1.0;
dispatch_time_t popTime = dispatch_time(DISPATCH_TIME_NOW, delayInSeconds * NSEC_PER_SEC);
dispatch_after(popTime, dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^(void){
//延遲代碼
});
//4伞矩、gcd只執(zhí)行一次
static dispatch_once_t onceToken;
dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{
//只執(zhí)行一次代碼
});
//5衙伶、有三個任務(wù)蒲每,需要異步并發(fā)執(zhí)行前兩個任務(wù)忌卤,前兩個任務(wù)執(zhí)行完成后再執(zhí)行第三個任務(wù)。
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0), ^{
//創(chuàng)建組
dispatch_group_t group=dispatch_group_create();
// 關(guān)聯(lián)一個任務(wù)到group
dispatch_group_async(group, dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0), ^{
//任務(wù)一
NSLog(@"******執(zhí)行任務(wù)一******");
});
// 關(guān)聯(lián)一個任務(wù)到group
dispatch_group_async(group, dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0), ^{
//任務(wù)二
NSLog(@"******執(zhí)行任務(wù)二******");
});
// 等待組中的任務(wù)執(zhí)行完畢,回到主線程執(zhí)行block回調(diào)
dispatch_group_notify(group, dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
//任務(wù)三
NSLog(@"******等待組中的任務(wù)執(zhí)行完畢,回到主線程執(zhí)行block回調(diào),執(zhí)行任務(wù)三******");
});
});
//6谱邪、dispatch_barrier_async的使用炮捧,dispatch_barrier_async是在前面的任務(wù)執(zhí)行結(jié)束后它才執(zhí)行,而且它后面的任務(wù)等它執(zhí)行完成之后才會執(zhí)行
dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("create_asy_queue", DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT);
dispatch_async(queue, ^{
NSLog(@"dispatch_async1");
});
dispatch_async(queue, ^{
NSLog(@"dispatch_async2");
});
dispatch_barrier_async(queue, ^{
NSLog(@"dispatch_barrier_async");
dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
NSLog(@"刷新界面");
});
});
dispatch_async(queue, ^{
[NSThread sleepForTimeInterval:1];
NSLog(@"dispatch_async3");
});
/*7惦银、GCD的另一個用處是可以讓程序在后臺較長久的運行咆课。
在沒有使用GCD時,當(dāng)app被按home鍵退出后扯俱,app僅有最多5秒鐘的時候做一些保存或清理資源的工作书蚪。但是在使用GCD后,app最多有10分鐘的時間在后臺長久運行迅栅。這個時間可以用來做清理本地緩存殊校,發(fā)送統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)等工作。
讓程序在后臺長久運行的示例代碼如下:
*/
// AppDelegate.h文件
@property (assign, nonatomic) UIBackgroundTaskIdentifier backgroundUpdateTask;
// AppDelegate.m文件
- (void)applicationDidEnterBackground:(UIApplication *)application
{
[self beingBackgroundUpdateTask];
// 在這里加上你需要長久運行的代碼
[self endBackgroundUpdateTask];
}
- (void)beingBackgroundUpdateTask
{
self.backgroundUpdateTask = [[UIApplication sharedApplication] beginBackgroundTaskWithExpirationHandler:^{
[self endBackgroundUpdateTask];
}];
}
- (void)endBackgroundUpdateTask
{
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] endBackgroundTask: self.backgroundUpdateTask];
self.backgroundUpdateTask = UIBackgroundTaskInvalid;
}