?? Part I
世界經(jīng)典英文小說開場(chǎng)賞析
經(jīng)典小說揩魂，猶如沙灘上一顆顆耀眼的貝殼饲趋，讓人見著不禁興奮拐揭。作為小說的開頭，勢(shì)必以最精彩的語言呈現(xiàn)出來奕塑，以起到引人入勝的效果堂污。5部精選的英文小說開頭，供欣賞閱讀龄砰，愉悅身心盟猖。
It?was?the?best?of?times,?it?was?the?worst?of?times,?it?was?the?age?of?wisdom,?it?was?the?age?of?foolishness,?it?was?the?epoch?of?belief,?it?was?the?epoch?of?incredulity,?it was?the?season?of?Light,?it?was?the?season?of?Darkness,?it?was?the?spring?of?hope,?it?was?the?winter?of?despair.
那是最美好的時(shí)代，那是最糟糕的時(shí)代换棚；那是智慧的年頭式镐，那是愚昧的年頭；那是信仰的時(shí)期固蚤，那是懷疑的時(shí)期娘汞；那是光明的季節(jié)，那是黑暗的季節(jié)夕玩；那是希望的春天你弦，那是失望的冬天惊豺。
A?Tale?of?Two?Cities《雙城記》?by?Charles?Dickens（狄更斯）
Many?years?later,?as?he?faced?the?firing?squad,?Colonel?Aureliano?Buendía?was?to?remember?that?distant?afternoon?when?his?father?took?him?to?discover?ice.
多年以后，奧雷連諾上校站在行刑隊(duì)面前禽作，準(zhǔn)會(huì)想起父親帶他去參觀冰塊的那個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的下午扮叨。
One?Hundred?Years?of?Solitude《百年孤獨(dú)》by?Gabriel?Garcia?Marquez（馬爾克斯）
If?you?really?want?to?hear?about?it,?the?first?thing?you'll?probably?want?to?know?is?where?I?was?born,?and?what?my?lousy?childhood?was?like,?and?how?my?parents?were occupied?and?all?before?they?had?me,?and?all?that?David?Copperfield?kind?of?crap,?but?I?don't?feel?like?going?into?it,?if?you?want?to?know?the?truth.
如果你對(duì)我的故事充滿好奇，你第一件想要知道的事情一定是我生于何處领迈，童年如何彻磁，以及在生下我之前父母的羅曼史，還有大衛(wèi)·科波菲爾是怎樣一個(gè)爛人狸捅。但是坦白地講衷蜓，這些我都不想寫。
Catcher?in?the?Rye《麥田里的守望者》by?J.?D.?Sailinger（塞林格）
In?my?younger?and?more?vulnerable?years?my?father?gave?me?some?advice?that?I've?been?turning?over?in?my?mind?ever?since. “Whenever?you?feel?like?criticizing?anyone,”?he?told?me, “just?remember?that?all?the?people?in?this?world?haven't?had?the?advantages?that?you've?had.”
當(dāng)我年紀(jì)還輕尘喝，閱歷尚淺的時(shí)候磁浇，我父親教導(dǎo)我一句話，我至今念念不忘朽褪≈孟牛“你想批評(píng)別人之前，” 他說缔赠，“記住不是每個(gè)人都像你那么好命衍锚。”
The?Great?Gastsby《了不起的蓋茨比》by?F.S.?Fitzgerald（菲茲杰拉德）
He?was?an?old?man?who?fished?alone?in?a?skiff?in?the?Gulf?Stream?and?he?had?gone?eighty-four?days?now?without?taking?a?fish.?In?the?first?forty?days?a?boy?had?been?with him.?But?after?forty?days?without?a?fish?the?boy's?parents?had?told?him?that?the?old?man?was?now?definitely?and?finally?salao,?which?is?the?worst?form?of?unlucky,?and?the boy?had?gone?at?their?orders?in?another?boat?which?caught?three?good?fish?the?first?week.
他一個(gè)老人嗤堰，劃著小船獨(dú)自在墨西哥灣中捕魚戴质；八十四天了還沒有捕到過一條魚。最初的四十天里踢匣，小男孩一直都跟著他告匠，而四十天后，男孩的父母便告訴孩子說：這老人的運(yùn)氣肯定是跌到了谷底离唬，簡(jiǎn)直就是倒霉透頂了后专。于是男孩在他父母親的命令下，轉(zhuǎn)到了另外一條船上去捕魚输莺，結(jié)果不出一個(gè)星期戚哎，就捕到了三條大魚。
The?Old?Man?and?the?Sea《老人與耗Ｏ校》by?Earnest?Hemingway（海明威）
?? Part II?
幾種實(shí)用英文寫作開場(chǎng)技巧
1?? For the Eurostar Tribe, Brexit Could Make Brussels Feel Even Farther Away
Just as the high-speed train dived under the English Channel, Mujtaba Rahman frantically typed an email on his smartphone and hit send.
1. just as 就在......時(shí)建瘫；正當(dāng)
2. dive? vi. 下潛，下滑 （有速度感尸折，與enter做對(duì)比）
3. frantically adv. 發(fā)狂似地啰脚；緊張慌亂地 （相當(dāng)于very fast）
A short ride later, through a dark void that briefly blocked both his ears and his cellphone reception, he was hurtling across the rolling fields of France.?
1. ride n.? 旅行，旅途
· give sb. a ride 給某人搭便車
· free ride 順風(fēng)車；占小便宜
A lot of students are doing homework but some of them are taking free ride.
2. void n. 虛空 （相當(dāng)于empty space）
3. hurtle vi. 猛沖 （相當(dāng)于move very fast）
【拓展】
1. Hemingway's writing 海明威式寫作/ Telegraphic writing 電報(bào)式寫作
形容海明威寫作風(fēng)格的單詞：
sparse adj. 平淡的橄浓；樸素的
2. 海明威認(rèn)為好的英文寫作要有四點(diǎn)：
· Always use short sentences （用短句粒梦，不用長(zhǎng)句）
· The first paragraph must be short （第一段一定要短）
· Use vigorous English （用動(dòng)態(tài)英文）
· Use positive expressions not negative expressions （少用被動(dòng)語態(tài)）
2?? Giving the Gift of Mobility in a City Locked Down by Coronavirus
His days are long, 12 hours crisscrossing the city and ferrying local residents to buy groceries, get medicine and go to the hospital. And the roads he travels are mostly empty since the city was sealed off. In his blue and white car, Zhang Lei is a rare sight on the streets of Wuhan.
?? crisscross vt.?
To move around in the shape of a lines crossing each other, backwards and forwards.The bus crisscrosses the city.?公共汽車在城市里穿梭。?
?? ferry vt.
to take people or things in a vehicle, regularly and often
ferry n. 渡輪
a type of boat for passengers
【拓展】
文字也能呈現(xiàn)畫面感荸实、鏡頭感
這篇文章開頭的特點(diǎn)就是非常有鏡頭感匀们，好像一部電影的開場(chǎng)：鏡頭首先聚焦在一個(gè)人身上，為觀眾展現(xiàn)這個(gè)人一天的行程准给，接著鏡頭的畫面拉大泄朴，展現(xiàn)了男主人公所處城市的整體狀態(tài)。最后才把主人公 “Zhang Lei” 這個(gè)名字引出來（如果是我們寫作的話露氮，可能第一句就忍不住要寫出主人公的名字了祖灰，作者卻非常沉得住氣）。一步步吸引著讀者往下讀畔规。
3?? I Was the Fastest Girl in America, Until I Joined Nike?
At 17, Mary Cain was already a record-breaking phenom: the fastest girl in a generation, and the youngest American track and field athlete to make a World Championships team. In 2013, she was signed by the best track team in the world, Nike's Oregon Project, run by its star coach Alberto Salazar.?
phenom n. 杰出的人（或事物）局扶；奇跡；（尤指）體育奇才
Then everything collapsed.?
collapse vi .（突然的）倒塌 (suddenly fall apart)
戲劇性叁扫，悲劇就是把美好的事物撕碎給人看
4?? New York's Jails Are Failing. Is the Answer 3,600 Miles Away?
From the outsides, Romerike Prison looks like many correctional facilities in the United States: barbed-wire fences, guard stations and inmate cells scattered across acres of land.
1. correctional facility 改造場(chǎng)所三妈，監(jiān)獄
【拓展】
寫作過程中要有換詞意識(shí)。尤其當(dāng)一個(gè)句子中莫绣，同一個(gè)概念需要出現(xiàn)兩次甚至多次時(shí)畴蒲，盡量用不同的詞來表達(dá)，避免累贅兔综。
2. barbed-wire n. 帶刺鐵絲網(wǎng)（用作安全防護(hù)）
3. inmate cell 牢房
4. be scattered around across sth. 分布在某地
scatter kindness / hatred 傳播善意饿凛，散播仇恨
But inside is a different story.
Sth is a different story
接下來跟前面提到的很不一樣（提示性句型）
In the West, people tend to be very straightfoward with their feeling, while in China, it's a completely different story.
【拓展】
段句段落的應(yīng)用：在全篇較長(zhǎng)段落中起到轉(zhuǎn)折和提示下文主旨的作用狞玛。通常這種段落會(huì)以很明顯的邏輯性詞匯開頭软驰，比如but, and, however等。
5?? In Stressful Times, Make Stress Work for You
These are?stressful?times. Fortunately, we can actually use that stress to improve our health and well-being. Over a decade of research suggests that it’s not the type or amount of stress that?determines?its?impact. Instead, it’s our?mind-set?about stress that matters most.
這是一個(gè)充滿壓力的時(shí)代心肪。幸運(yùn)的是锭亏，我們可以利用壓力來讓自己更健康、更幸福硬鞍。十多年的研究表明慧瘤，壓力的類型或大小并不決定其影響。其實(shí)固该，我們?nèi)绾慰创龎毫Σ攀亲铌P(guān)鍵的锅减。
1.stressful
英?[?stresf?l]?美?[?stresf?l]
adj.?有壓力的，壓力大的
拓展:
a stressful job?一項(xiàng)有壓力的工作
a stressful task?一項(xiàng)有壓力的任務(wù)
stressful days?壓力大的日子
a stressful life?壓力大的生活
2.determine
英?[d??t??m?n]?美?[d??t??rm?n]
vt.?決定
拓展:
I am the only one to determine my own future.
只有我才能決定自己的未來伐坏。
拜登媽媽對(duì)他說：
“Joey, remember you are defined by your courage and redeemed by your loyalty.”
3.impact
英?[??mp?kt]?美?[??mp?kt]
n.?影響
拓展:
詞義辨析：
influence是潛移默化的影響
impact是當(dāng)頭棒喝的沖擊
4.mind-set
英?[?mɑ?nd?set]?美?[?mɑ?nd?set]
n.?心態(tài)
拓展:
mind-set about sth.?看待某個(gè)事物的心態(tài)
