一、三劍客實例講解
環(huán)境
[root@oldboyedu ~]# cat oldgirl.txt
I am oldboy teacher!
I like badminton ball ,billiard ball and chinese chess!
our site is http://www.oldboyedu.com
my qq num is 49000448
問題1
[root@oldboyedu ~/test]# sed -n "2,3p" oldgirl.txt
[root@oldboyedu ~/test]# head -3 oldgirl.txt |tail -2
問題2
[root@oldboyedu ~]# grep "oldboy" oldgirl.txt
[root@oldboyedu ~]# sed '/oldboy/p' -n oldgirl.txt
[root@oldboyedu ~]# awk '/oldboy/' oldgirl.txt
問題3
[root@oldboyedu ~]# grep -v "oldboy" oldgirl.txt
[root@oldboyedu ~]# sed '/oldboy/d' oldgirl.txt
問題4
[root@oldboyedu ~]# sed 's#oldboy#oldgirl#g'? oldgirl.txt
vim替換
問題5
[root@oldboyedu ~]# sed? -e 's#oldboy#oldgirl#g' -e 's#49000448#2432424#g' oldgirl.txt
問題6
插入單行? ? sed? -i? '2a? I teacher linux.'? 第三行? 追加到指定的行后
插入單行? ? sed? -i? '2i? I teacher linux.'? ? 第二行? 追加到指定行的前面
刪除3行? ? sed? -i? '3d'? oldboy.txt
刪,2-5行? ? sed? -i? '2快毛,5d'? oldboy.txt
插入增加多行
增加第三行內(nèi)容? ? sed -i '3i Iam a teacher' oldboy?
增加第三行第四行內(nèi)容??
sed -i '3i Iam a teacher\nYou are my student' oldboy?
這是沒保存的,保存的加? -i
二焕檬、企業(yè)案例
問題一:
(1)
[root@oldboyedu ~/test]# ifconfig eth0 |sed -n 2p |sed 's/^.*inet //g'|sed 's/netm.*$//g'
[root@oldboyedu ~]# ifconfig eth0 |sed -r '2s#^.*inet (.*) netma.*$#\1#gp' -n
[root@oldboyedu ~]# ifconfig eth0 | awk -F "[ :]+" 'NR==2{print $3}'
^.*? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? inet
(2)
[root@oldboyedu ~/test]# ifconfig eth0 |sed -n? 's/^.*inet //pg'|sed -n 's/ net.*$//pg'
10.0.0.201
要取一個目標(biāo),刪除目標(biāo)兩邊的澳泵,就得到了
------------------------------------------------------------------
二实愚、、cut? 按列切割
-d 指定分隔符
-f 指定列
-c? 指定字符查看字符數(shù)
練習(xí)
三、三劍客老大? awk
三劍客自身特長
grep? 過濾查找內(nèi)容腊敲。篩子
sed? 取行击喂,替換,刪除兔仰,追加
awk? 取列
參數(shù)
-F 指定分隔符
[root@oldboyedu ~]# awk -F ":" '{print $1}' oldboyedu.txt
? ? ? 列: $1? 第一列? ? $2? 第二列 ..? 以此類推
$0? 整行
$NF 最后一行
$NF-1? 倒數(shù)第二列
NR 是行
四茫负、練習(xí)題
題一
題二
題三
題四
4.通過notepad++打開,把一下內(nèi)容輸入到test.txt文件中
姓名 區(qū)號? 電話? ? 三個月捐款數(shù)量
Mike Harrington:[510] 548-1278:250:100:175
Christian Dobbins:[408] 538-2358:155:90:201
Susan Dalsass:[206] 654-6279:250:60:50
Archie McNichol:[206] 548-1348:250:100:175
Jody Savage:[206] 548-1278:15:188:150
Guy Quigley:[916] 343-6410:250:100:175
Dan Savage:[406] 298-7744:450:300:275
Nancy McNeil:[206] 548-1278:250:80:75
John Goldenrod:[916] 348-4278:250:100:175
Chet Main:[510] 548-5258:50:95:135
Tom Savage:[408] 926-3456:250:168:200
Elizabeth Stachelin:[916] 440-1763:175:75:300
(1)顯示所有電話號碼
awk -F "[ :]+" '/^[^^$]/{print $4}' test.txt
? awk -F "[ :]+" '!/^$/{print $4}' test.txt
awk -F "[ :]+" '/[0-9]/{print $4}' test.txt
(2)顯示Dan的電話號碼
[root@oldboyedu /tmp]# grep "Dan" test.txt |sed -nr 's/^.*\] (.*):450.*$/\1/pg'
[root@oldboyedu /tmp]# awk -F "[ :]"? '$1=="Dan"{print $1 ,$4 }' test.txt
(3)顯示Susan的名字和電話號碼
[root@oldboyedu ~]# awk -F "[ :]+" '$1~/Susan/{print $1, $2, $4}' test.txt
awk -F "[ :]"? '$1=="Susan"{print $1 ,$4 }' test.txt
[root@oldboyedu ~]# awk -F "[ :]+" 'NR==5{print $1, $2, $4}' test.txt
(4)顯示所有以D開頭的姓
[root@oldboyedu /tmp]# awk '$1~/^D/ {print $1}' test.txt
[root@oldboyedu /tmp]# awk '/^D/{print $1}' test.txt
(5)顯示所有區(qū)號為916的人名
[root@oldboyedu ~]# awk -F "[ :]+" '$3~/\[916\]/{print $1,$2,$3}' test.txt
(6)顯示Mike的捐款.顯示每個值時都有以$開頭.如$250$100$175
[root@oldboyedu ~]# awk -F "[ :]+" '$1~/Mike/{print $1,"$"$5,"$"$6,"$"$6}' test.txt
(7)顯示姓,其后跟一個逗號和名
[root@oldboyedu ~]# awk -F "[ :]+" 'NR>1&&!/^$/{print$1,"," $2}' test.txt
[root@oldboyedu ~]# awk -F "[ :]+" 'NR>1&&/^[^^$]/{print$1,"," $2}' test.txt
[root@oldboyedu ~]# awk -F "[ :]+" 'NR>1&&/[a-zA-Z]/{print$1,"," $2}' test.txt
[root@oldboyedu ~]# awk -F "[ :]+" '!/^$/{print $1 ","$2}' test.txt
[root@oldboyedu ~]# awk -F "[ :]+" '/^[^^$]/{print $1 ","$2}' test.txt
(8)在Jody開頭的行上面添加oldboy
[root@oldboyedu ~]# awk -F "[ :]+" '/Jody/{print "oldboy" "\n"$0}' test.txt
[root@oldboyedu ~]# awk -F "[ :]+" '/Jody/{print "oldboy\n"$0}' test.txt
[root@oldboyedu ~]# sed '/Jody/i oldboy' test.txt
(9)刪除空白行
[root@oldboyedu ~]# awk -F "[ :]+" '!/^$/{print$0}' test.txt
[root@oldboyedu ~]# awk -F "[ :]+" '/^[^^$]/{print$0}' test.txt
[root@oldboyedu ~]# awk -F "[ :]+" '/./{print$0}' test.txt
五、練習(xí)
Steve Blenheim:238-923-7366:95 Latham Lane, Easton, PA 83755:11/12/56:20300
Betty Boop:245-836-8357:635 Cutesy Lane, Hollywood, CA 91464:6/23/23:14500
Igor Chevsky:385-375-8395:3567 Populus Place, Caldwell, NJ 23875:6/18/68:23400
Norma Corder:397-857-2735:74 Pine Street, Dearborn, MI 23874:3/28/45:245700
Jennifer Cowan:548-834-2348:583 Laurel Ave., Kingsville, TX 83745:10/1/35:58900
Jon DeLoach:408-253-3122:123 Park St., San Jose, CA 04086:7/25/53:85100
Karen Evich:284-758-2857:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92086:7/25/53:85100
Karen Evich:284-758-2867:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92743:11/3/35:58200
Karen Evich:284-758-2867:23 Edgecliff Place, Lincoln, NB 92743:11/3/35:58200
Fred Fardbarkle:674-843-1385:20 Parak Lane, DeLuth, MN 23850:4/12/23:780900
Fred Fardbarkle:674-843-1385:20 Parak Lane, DeLuth, MN 23850:4/12/23:780900
Lori Gortz:327-832-5728:3465 Mirlo Street, Peabody, MA 34756:10/2/65:35200
Paco Gutierrez:835-365-1284:454 Easy Street, Decatur, IL 75732:2/28/53:123500
Ephram Hardy:293-259-5395:235 CarltonLane, Joliet, IL 73858:8/12/20:56700
James Ikeda:834-938-8376:23445 Aster Ave., Allentown, NJ 83745:12/1/38:45000
Barbara Kertz:385-573-8326:832 Ponce Drive, Gary, IN 83756:12/1/46:268500
Lesley Kirstin:408-456-1234:4 Harvard Square, Boston, MA 02133:4/22/62:52600
William Kopf:846-836-2837:6937 Ware Road, Milton, PA 93756:9/21/46:43500
Sir Lancelot:837-835-8257:474 Camelot Boulevard, Bath, WY 28356:5/13/69:24500
Jesse Neal:408-233-8971:45 Rose Terrace, San Francisco, CA 92303:2/3/36:25000
Zippy Pinhead:834-823-8319:2356 Bizarro Ave., Farmount, IL 84357:1/1/67:89500
Arthur Putie:923-835-8745:23 Wimp Lane, Kensington, DL 38758:8/31/69:126000
Popeye Sailor:156-454-3322:945 Bluto Street, Anywhere, USA 29358:3/19/35:22350
Jose Santiago:385-898-8357:38 Fife Way, Abilene, TX 39673:1/5/58:95600
Tommy Savage:408-724-0140:1222 Oxbow Court, Sunnyvale, CA 94087:5/19/66:34200
Yukio Takeshida:387-827-1095:13 Uno Lane, Ashville, NC 23556:7/1/29:57000
Vinh Tranh:438-910-7449:8235 Maple Street, Wilmington, VM 29085:9/23/63:68900
grep練習(xí)
1. 顯示所有包含San的行
2.顯示所有以J開始的人名所在的行
3.顯示所有以700結(jié)尾的行
4.顯示所有不包括834的行
5.顯示所有生日在December的行
6.顯示所有電話號碼的區(qū)號為498的行
7.顯示所有這樣的行:它包含一個大寫字母,后跟四個小寫字母,一個冒號,一個空格,和一個大寫字母
8.顯示姓以K或k開頭的行
9.顯示工資為六位數(shù)的行,并在前面加行號
sed練習(xí)
1. 顯示所有包含San的行
grep -n 'San' test.txt
sed -n '/San/p' test.txt
2.顯示所有以J開始的人名所在的行
grep '^J' test.txt
3.顯示所有以700結(jié)尾的行
grep '700$' test.txt
4.顯示所有不包括834的行
grep -v '834' test.txt
sed -n '/834/!p' test.txt
sed '/834/d' test.txt
awk '!/834/' test.txt
5.顯示所有生日在December的行
grep ':12/' test.txt
sed -n '/:12\//p' test.txt
6.顯示所有電話號碼的區(qū)號為408的行
awk '/408-/' test.txt
7.顯示所有這樣的行:它包含一個大寫字母,后跟四個小寫字母,一個逗號,一個空格,和一個大寫字母
egrep "[A-Z][a-z]{4}, [A-Z]" test.txt
8.顯示姓以K或k開頭的行
awk '$2~/^[Kk]/' test.txt
9.顯示工資為六位數(shù)的行,并在前面加行號
egrep -n '[0-9]{6}$' test.txt
awk '/[0-9]{6}/{print NR,$0}' test.txt
grep -n "[0-9]\{6\}" test.txt (夏云峰不會)
sed練習(xí)
1.把Jon的名字改成Jonathan.
sed -n 's#^Jon#Jonathan#gp' test.txt
2.刪除頭三行
cat -n test.txt|sed -n '4,$p'
sed '1,3d' test.txt
3.顯示5-10行
cat -n test.txt|sed -n '/Jennifer/,/Fred/p'
cat -n test.txt|sed -n '5,10p'
awk 'NR>4&&NR<11{print NR,$0}' test.txt
4.刪除包含Lane的行.
sed '/Lane/d' test.txt
5.顯示所有生日在November-December之間的行
sed -nr '/:(11|12)\//p' test.txt
6.把三個星號(***)添加到以Fred開頭的行
sed -n 's#^(Fred).*#***\1#gp' test.txt
7.用JOSE HAS RETIRED取代包含Jose的行
sed -n '/^Jose/c? JOSE HAS RETIRED' test.txt
8.把Popeye的生日改成11/14/46
awk -F'[ :]' '/^Popeye/{$(NF-1)="11/14/46";print}' test.txt
sed -nr 's#(^Popeye.*:).*(:.*)#\111/14/46\2#gp' test.txt
9.刪除所有空白行
awk -F "[ :]+" '!/^$/{print}' test.txt
awk -F "[ :]+" '/^[^^$]/{print}' test.txt