最近睡了午覺之后涣仿，感覺一點(diǎn)精神都沒有凰兑，我覺得需要刺激一下款青。

爬取的網(wǎng)站長(zhǎng)這個(gè)樣子:

點(diǎn)擊這里纲酗，查看網(wǎng)站

image.png

運(yùn)行

默認(rèn)16個(gè)并發(fā)，我放公司不知道跑了多久贸伐，周末公司停電了勘天，不知道這個(gè)網(wǎng)站有沒有反爬蟲，我現(xiàn)在還沒遇到捉邢。

有代理脯丝，代理都是各大代理網(wǎng)站的免費(fèi)代理：

proxy.gif

沒有代理：

noproxy.gif

有代理就像蝸牛一樣，代理失敗率還高的嚇人伏伐，免費(fèi)的代理就是不靠譜宠进。

結(jié)果

大小.png

目錄.png

結(jié)果.png

pycharm 如何使用anaconda里面的環(huán)境

File->Default settings->Default project->project interpreter

接著點(diǎn)擊 project interpreter 的右邊的小齒輪，選擇 add local 藐翎，選擇anaconda文件路徑下的python.exe材蹬。接著pycharm會(huì)更新解釋器荆隘，導(dǎo)入模塊等袖订，要稍等一點(diǎn)時(shí)間。

gif.gif

安裝scrapy

pip install scrapy

windos安裝這個(gè)會(huì)出錯(cuò)歇万，因?yàn)橛袃蓚€(gè)依賴模塊twisted pywin32安裝不上末贾，所以只有進(jìn)行本地安裝闸溃。
到這個(gè)網(wǎng)站--https://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/下載對(duì)應(yīng)的版本安裝，然后在使用上面的那個(gè)命令拱撵。Linux類的電腦辉川，不會(huì)出現(xiàn)這個(gè)問題的。

本地安裝命令,例如安裝Twisted

pin install Twisted?17.9.0?cp36?cp36m?win_amd64.whl

還有安裝一個(gè)pillow,用來處理圖片裕膀。

pip install pillow

運(yùn)行scrapy可能出現(xiàn)問題员串，應(yīng)該是pywin32出錯(cuò)，出錯(cuò)的原因就是沒有加入環(huán)境變量昼扛。可以把pywin32_system32里面的文件放到系統(tǒng)中的system32 或者虛擬環(huán)境中的scripts中欲诺。

新建項(xiàng)目

我們先來看下scrapy中的命令：

Scrapy 1.4.0 - no active project

Usage:
  scrapy <command> [options] [args]

Available commands:
  bench         Run quick benchmark test
  fetch         Fetch a URL using the Scrapy downloader
  genspider     Generate new spider using pre-defined templates
  runspider     Run a self-contained spider (without creating a project)
  settings      Get settings values
  shell         Interactive scraping console
  startproject  Create new project
  version       Print Scrapy version
  view          Open URL in browser, as seen by Scrapy

  [ more ]      More commands available when run from project directory

Use "scrapy <command> -h" to see more info about a command

用scrapy命令來創(chuàng)建項(xiàng)目：

scrapy startproject gallery

用pycharm打開項(xiàng)目抄谐，開始coding，代碼來襲

##### 爬取規(guī)則（Spider）
#gallery_spider.py

import scrapy
from scrapy import Request
from gallery.items import GalleryItem


class GallerySpider(scrapy.Spider):
    # Spider 的唯一標(biāo)識(shí) 扰法，必不可少
    name = "gallery_spider"
    # 爬取開始連接  是一個(gè)列表
    start_urls = ['http://www.55156.com/weimeiyijing/fengjingtupian']
    # 默認(rèn)的解析方法
    def parse(self, response):
        # 取當(dāng)前頁(yè)所有的圖片索引url
        urls = response.xpath('//ul[@class="liL"]/li/a/@href').extract()
        self.logger.info('當(dāng)前父圖片urls----->{}'.format(urls))
        for url in urls:
            # 丟給調(diào)度器 加入請(qǐng)求隊(duì)列
            yield Request(url=url, callback=self.img_parse)
            # yield Request(url='http://www.55156.com/weimeiyijing/fengjingtupian/146515.html', callback=self.img_parse)
        # 下一頁(yè)的url
        next_page = response.css('.pages ul li ::attr(href)')[-2].extract()
        # 判斷是否存在下一頁(yè) 和 不最后一頁(yè)
        if next_page and not next_page == '#':
            self.logger.info('存在列表下一頁(yè)------>{}'.format(next_page))
            yield Request(url=response.urljoin(next_page), callback=self.parse)
    
    def img_parse(self, respose):
        '''
          詳細(xì)圖片頁(yè)的解析
        '''
        # 定義提取數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)
        item = GalleryItem()
        #取圖片url
        img_url = respose.css('.articleBody p a img ::attr(src)').extract_first()
        # 取圖片的標(biāo)題
        img_dir = respose.css('.articleTitle h1 ::text').extract_first()
        # 賦值給item
        item['image_url'] = img_url
        item['image_dir'] = img_dir
        
        # 取所有頁(yè)數(shù)
        next_page = respose.css('.pages ul li a ::attr(href)').extract()
        # 判斷頁(yè)數(shù)不為空
        if next_page:
            #取下一頁(yè)url
            next_page = next_page[-1]
        # 判斷是否存在下一頁(yè) 和 不最后一頁(yè)  實(shí)際上這個(gè)地方不用判斷是否存在 因?yàn)樵谥耙呀?jīng)做了一次判斷
        if next_page and not next_page == '#':
            self.logger.info('開始爬取圖片下一頁(yè)-------->{}'.format(next_page))
            # 丟給調(diào)度器 加入請(qǐng)求隊(duì)列
            yield Request(url=respose.urljoin(next_page), callback=self.img_parse)

        yield item

items

#items.py

import scrapy
class GalleryItem(scrapy.Item):
    '''
    定義提取數(shù)據(jù)的結(jié)構(gòu)
    '''
    image_url= scrapy.Field()
    image_dir= scrapy.Field()

中間件

#middlewares.py

from scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.useragent import UserAgentMiddleware
import random

class GallerySpiderMiddleware(UserAgentMiddleware):
    '''
    設(shè)置請(qǐng)求頭 User-Agent
    '''
    user_agent_list = [
        "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; AcooBrowser; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727)",
        "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.0; Acoo Browser; SLCC1; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; Media Center PC 5.0; .NET CLR 3.0.04506)",
        "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; AOL 9.5; AOLBuild 4337.35; Windows NT 5.1; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727)",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 9.0; en-US)",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; Trident/5.0; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; Media Center PC 6.0)",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.0; Trident/4.0; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; .NET CLR 1.0.3705; .NET CLR 1.1.4322)",
        "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0b; Windows NT 5.2; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; InfoPath.2; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30)",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN) AppleWebKit/523.15 (KHTML, like Gecko, Safari/419.3) Arora/0.3 (Change: 287 c9dfb30)",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux; en-US) AppleWebKit/527+ (KHTML, like Gecko, Safari/419.3) Arora/0.6",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8.1.2pre) Gecko/20070215 K-Ninja/2.1.1",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN; rv:1.9) Gecko/20080705 Firefox/3.0 Kapiko/3.0",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux i686; U;) Gecko/20070322 Kazehakase/0.4.5",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-US; rv:1.9.0.8) Gecko Fedora/1.9.0.8-1.fc10 Kazehakase/0.5.6",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.56 Safari/535.11",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_7_3) AppleWebKit/535.20 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1036.7 Safari/535.20",
        "Opera/9.80 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.6.8; U; fr) Presto/2.9.168 Version/11.52",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1132.11 TaoBrowser/2.0 Safari/536.11",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/21.0.1180.71 Safari/537.1 LBBROWSER",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; LBBROWSER)",
        "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; QQDownload 732; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; LBBROWSER)",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.84 Safari/535.11 LBBROWSER",
        "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; QQBrowser/7.0.3698.400)",
        "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; QQDownload 732; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)",
        "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0; SV1; QQDownload 732; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; 360SE)",
        "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; QQDownload 732; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)",
        "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/21.0.1180.89 Safari/537.1",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/21.0.1180.89 Safari/537.1",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (iPad; U; CPU OS 4_2_1 like Mac OS X; zh-cn) AppleWebKit/533.17.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Mobile/8C148 Safari/6533.18.5",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; rv:2.0b13pre) Gecko/20110307 Firefox/4.0b13pre",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:16.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/16.0",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/23.0.1271.64 Safari/537.11",
        "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux x86_64; zh-CN; rv:1.9.2.10) Gecko/20100922 Ubuntu/10.10 (maverick) Firefox/3.6.10"

    ]

    def process_request(self, request, spider):
        '''
        請(qǐng)求之前的回調(diào)
        '''
        # 隨機(jī)取一個(gè)user-agent
        ua = random.choice(self.user_agent_list)
        spider.logger.info("當(dāng)前UA----->" + ua)
        # 給請(qǐng)求頭設(shè)置User-Agent
        request.headers.setdefault('User-Agent', ua)

user-agent這個(gè)網(wǎng)上一大堆蛹含。http://www.reibang.com/p/da6a44d0791e

管道

#pipelines.py

import os
import scrapy
from scrapy.exceptions import DropItem
from scrapy.pipelines.images import ImagesPipeline


class GalleryPipeline(ImagesPipeline):
    '''
      用來圖片的存儲(chǔ)
    '''

    def get_media_requests(self, item, info):
        '''
         圖片請(qǐng)求
        '''
        yield scrapy.Request(item['image_url'], meta={'item': item})

    def item_completed(self, results, item, info):
        '''
          下載后的回調(diào)
        '''
        image_paths = [x['path'] for ok,x in results if ok]
        # for ok, x in results:
        #     if ok:
        #         print(x['path'])
        if not image_paths:
            print('{}/{}------文件保存失敗'.format(item['image_dir'], item['image_url']))
            raise DropItem("Item contains no images")
        else:
            print('{}/{}------文件保存成功'.format(item['image_dir'], item['image_url']))
        return item


    def file_path(self, request, response=None, info=None):
        '''
         圖片路徑設(shè)置
        '''
        item = request.meta['item']
        img_name = os.path.basename(item['image_url'])

        index = item['image_dir'].find('（')
        if index == -1:
            index = item['image_dir'].find('(')
        if not index == -1:
            item['image_dir'] = item['image_dir'][:index]
        filename = u'{}/{}'.format(item['image_dir'], img_name)
        return filename

配置文件

#settings.py

BOT_NAME = 'gallery'

SPIDER_MODULES = ['gallery.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'gallery.spiders'

# Obey robots.txt rules 是否遵守robots規(guī)則
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False

# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32

#DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 3


# Disable cookies (enabled by default)  cookeie是否禁用
#COOKIES_ENABLED = False

# Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)
#TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False

# Override the default request headers: 默認(rèn)請(qǐng)求頭
DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
    'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
    'Accept-Encoding:': 'gzip, deflate',
    'Accept-Language': 'en_US,en;q=0.8',
    'Connection': 'keep-alive',
    'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
}


# Enable or disable downloader middlewares  下載中間件
# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
   'gallery.middlewares.GallerySpiderMiddleware': 543,
}
# 文件保存的地址
IMAGES_STORE = 'F:\\gallery'
# 管道
ITEM_PIPELINES = {
    'gallery.pipelines.GalleryPipeline': 300,
}

運(yùn)行入口

#run.py

from scrapy.cmdline import execute
import os, sys

def func():
    sys.path.insert(0, os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
    execute('scrapy crawl gallery_spider'.split(' '))

if __name__ == '__main__':
    func()

運(yùn)行可能出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤（windos）

ImportError: No module named win32api

安裝pywin32模塊

pip install pywin32

源代碼

這個(gè)實(shí)際比較簡(jiǎn)單的，我就不貼代碼了塞颁，我就寫了高清套圖那個(gè)模塊浦箱。
github地址

似乎上班有點(diǎn)精神了吸耿。。酷窥。