1.數(shù)據(jù)準(zhǔn)備
PUT /lib3
{
"settings":{
"number_of_shards" : 3,
"number_of_replicas" : 0
},
"mappings":{
"user":{
"properties":{
"name": {"type":"text"},
"address": {"type":"text"},
"age": {"type":"integer"},
"interests": {"type":"text"},
"birthday": {"type":"date"}
}
}
}
}
PUT /lib3/user/1
{
"name":"zhaoliu",
"address":"hei long jiang sheng tie ling shi",
"age":50,
"birthday":"1970-12-12",
"interests":"xi huan hejiu,duanlian,lvyou"
}
PUT /lib3/user/2
{
"name":"zhaoming",
"address":"bei jing hai dian qu qing he zhen",
"age":20,
"birthday":"1998-10-12",
"interests":"xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge"
}
PUT /lib3/user/3
{
"name":"lisi",
"address":"bei jing hai dian qu qing he zhen",
"age":27,
"birthday":"1991-10-12",
"interests":"xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge"
}
PUT /lib3/user/4
{
"name":"wangwu",
"address":"bei jing hai dian qu qing he zhen",
"age":26,
"birthday":"1992-10-12",
"interests":"xi huan biancheng,tingyinyue,lvyou"
}
PUT /lib3/user/5
{
"name":"zhangsan",
"address":"bei jing chao yang qu",
"age":29,
"birthday":"1989-10-12",
"interests":"xi huan tingyinyue,changge,tiaowu"
}
GET /lib3/user/_search?q=name:lisi
{
"took": 5,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 3,
"successful": 3,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 1,
#max_score:和當(dāng)前搜索相關(guān)度的匹配分?jǐn)?shù)
"max_score": 0.6931472,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "lib3",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "3",
"_score": 0.6931472,
"_source": {
"name": "lisi",
"address": "bei jing hai dian qu qing he zhen",
"age": 27,
"birthday": "1991-10-12",
"interests": "xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge"
}
}
]
}
}
GET /lib3/user/_search?q=interests:changge&sort=age:desc
{
"took": 6,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 3,
"successful": 3,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 3,
"max_score": null,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "lib3",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "5",
"_score": null,
"_source": {
"name": "zhangsan",
"address": "bei jing chao yang qu",
"age": 29,
"birthday": "1989-10-12",
"interests": "xi huan tingyinyue,changge,tiaowu"
},
"sort": [
29
]
},
{
"_index": "lib3",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "3",
"_score": null,
"_source": {
"name": "lisi",
"address": "bei jing hai dian qu qing he zhen",
"age": 27,
"birthday": "1991-10-12",
"interests": "xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge"
},
"sort": [
27
]
},
{
"_index": "lib3",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "2",
"_score": null,
"_source": {
"name": "zhaoming",
"address": "bei jing hai dian qu qing he zhen",
"age": 20,
"birthday": "1998-10-12",
"interests": "xi huan hejiu,duanlian,changge"
},
"sort": [
20
]
}
]
}
}
2.term查詢和terms查詢
term query會(huì)去倒排索引中尋找確切的term,它并不知道分詞器的存在,這種查詢適合keyword惦蚊、numeric、date
term:查詢某個(gè)字段里含有某個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞的文檔
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"query":{"term":{"interests":"changge"}}
}
terms:查詢某個(gè)字段里含有多個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞的文檔
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"query":{"terms":{"interests":["hejiu","changge"]}}
}
3.控制查詢返回的數(shù)量
from:從哪一個(gè)文檔開始
size:需要的個(gè)數(shù)
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"from":0,
"size":2,
"query":{"terms":"interests":["hejiu",changge]}
}
4.返回版本號(hào)
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"version":true,
"query":{"terms":{"interests":["hejiu","changge"]}}
}
5.match查詢
match query知道分詞器的存在,會(huì)對(duì)field進(jìn)行分詞操作,然后再查詢
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"query":{"match":{"name":"zhaoliu,zhaoming"}}
}
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"query":{"match":{"age":"20"}}
}
match_all:查詢所有文檔
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"query":{"match_all":{}}
}
multi_match:可以指定多個(gè)字段
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"query":{"multi_match":{"query":"lvyou","field":["interests","name"]}}
}
match_phrase:短語(yǔ)匹配查詢
ElasticSearch引擎首先分析(analyze)查詢字符串,從分析后的文本中構(gòu)建查詢短語(yǔ)查詢,這意味著必須匹配短語(yǔ)中的所有分詞,并且保證個(gè)分詞的相對(duì)位置不變:
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"query": {
"match_phrase": {
"interests": "duanlian,shuoxiangsheng"
}
}
}
6.指定返回的字段
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"_source": ["name","address"],
"query": {
"match": {
"interests": "changge"
}
}
}
7.控制加載的字段
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"query": {
"match_all": {}
},
"_source": {
"includes": ["name","address"],
"excludes": ["age","birthday"]
}
}
8.排序
使用sort實(shí)現(xiàn)排序:desc:降序,asc:升序
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"query": {"match_all": {}},
"sort": [
{
"age": {
"order": "asc"
}
}
]
}
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"query": {"match_all": {}},
"sort": [
{
"age": {
"order": "desc"
}
}
]
}
9.前綴匹配查詢
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"query": {"match_phrase_prefix": {
"name": {"query": "zhao"}
}}
}
10.范圍查找
range:實(shí)現(xiàn)范圍查詢
參數(shù):from,to,include_lower,include_upper,boost
include_lower:是否包含范圍的左邊界,默認(rèn)是true
include_upper:是否包含范圍的右邊界,默認(rèn)是true
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"query": {
"range": {
"birthday": {
"from": "1990-10-10",
"to": "2018-12-27"
}
}
}
}
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"query": {
"range": {
"age": {
"from": 20,
"to": 25,
"include_lower":true,
"include_upper":false
}
}
}
}
11.wildcard查詢
允許使用通配符*和?來(lái)進(jìn)行查詢
*代表0個(gè)或多個(gè)字符
?代表任意一個(gè)字符
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"query": {"wildcard": {
"name": {
"value": "zhao*"
}
}}
}
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"query": {
"wildcard": {
"name": {
"value": "li?i"
}
}
}
}
12.fuzzy實(shí)現(xiàn)模糊查詢
value:查詢的關(guān)鍵字
boost:查詢的權(quán)值,默認(rèn)值是1.0
min_similarity:設(shè)置匹配的最小相似度,默認(rèn)值為0.5,對(duì)于字符串,取值為0-1(包括0和1);對(duì)于數(shù)值,取值可能大于1;對(duì)于日期型取值為1d,1m等,1d就代表1天
prefix_length:指明區(qū)分分詞項(xiàng)的共同前綴長(zhǎng)度,默認(rèn)是0
max_expansions:查詢中的詞項(xiàng)可以擴(kuò)展的數(shù)目,默認(rèn)可以無(wú)限大
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"query": {
"fuzzy": {"interests": "chagge"}
}
}
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"query": {
"fuzzy": {"interests": {"value": "chagge"}}
}
}
13.高亮搜索結(jié)果
GET /lib3/user/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"interests": "changge"
}
},
"highlight": {"fields": {"interests": {}}}
}
