七主经、整合SSM

目錄：環(huán)境要求、基本環(huán)境搭建庭惜、代碼編寫(xiě)

1.環(huán)境要求

• IDEA
• MySQL 5.7.34
• Tomcat 9.0.48
• Maven 3.8.1

數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)環(huán)境：
以書(shū)籍管理為例：
創(chuàng)建一個(gè)存放書(shū)籍?dāng)?shù)據(jù)的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)表罩驻。
測(cè)試表的創(chuàng)建及添加數(shù)據(jù)的代碼，可下載使用：https://share.weiyun.com/QNwrCNrs护赊，也可以直接復(fù)制下方惠遏。

CREATE DATABASE `ssmbuild`; 
USE `ssmbuild`; 
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `books`; 
CREATE TABLE `books` ( 
`bookID` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '書(shū)id', 
`bookName` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '書(shū)名', 
`bookCounts` INT(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '數(shù)量', 
`detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述', 
KEY `bookID` (`bookID`) 
) ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 
INSERT INTO `books`(`bookID`,`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`)VALUES 
(1,'Java',1,'從入門(mén)到放棄'), 
(2,'MySQL',10,'從刪庫(kù)到跑路'), 
(3,'SSM',8,'從光頭到禿頭'),
(4,'Linux',5,'從進(jìn)門(mén)到進(jìn)牢');

2.基本環(huán)境搭建

1）新建一個(gè)Maven項(xiàng)目（ssmbuildaboutbooks），添加web app支持骏啰。
2）導(dǎo)入相關(guān)的pom依賴节吮。

<dependencies>
  <!-- junit -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>junit</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    <version>4.13.2</version>
  </dependency>
  <!-- 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)連接：mysql-connector-java -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    <version>5.1.49</version>
  </dependency>
  <!-- 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)連接池：druid -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
    <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
    <version>1.1.19</version>
  </dependency>
  <!-- servlet和JSP -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
    <version>2.5</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
    <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
    <version>2.2.1-b03</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
    <version>1.2</version>
  </dependency>
  <!-- mybatis -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
    <version>3.5.7</version>
  </dependency>
  <!-- mybatis與spring整合 -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
    <version>2.0.6</version>
  </dependency>
  <!-- spring -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
    <version>5.3.9</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
    <version>5.3.9</version>
  </dependency>
  <!-- lombok -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
    <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
    <version>1.18.20</version>
  </dependency>
</dependencies>

3）Maven資源過(guò)濾設(shè)置。

<!-- 解決靜態(tài)資源導(dǎo)出問(wèn)題 -->
<build>
  <resources>
    <resource>
      <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
      <excludes>
        <exclude>**/*.properties</exclude>
        <exclude>**/*.xml</exclude>
      </excludes>
      <filtering>false</filtering>
    </resource>
    <resource>
      <directory>src/main/java</directory>
      <includes>
        <include>**/*.properties</include>
        <include>**/*.xml</include>
      </includes>
      <filtering>false</filtering>
     </resource>
  </resources>
</build>

4）建立基本結(jié)構(gòu)和配置框架判耕。

java文件夾下的基本結(jié)構(gòu)

mybatis-config.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> 
<!DOCTYPE configuration 
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" 
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> 
<configuration> 

</configuration>

applicationContext.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring- beans.xsd">

</beans>

3.代碼編寫(xiě)

1）MyBatis層編寫(xiě)
①數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)配置文件database.properties：

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
# 如果使用MySQL 8.0+透绩，需要增加時(shí)區(qū)的配置 &serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?characterEncoding=utf8&autoReconnect=true&failOverReadOnly=false
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456

②IDEA關(guān)聯(lián)MySQL數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。
③編寫(xiě)MyBatis的核心配置文件mybatis-config.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
  <!-- 配置數(shù)據(jù)源，可以交給Spring去做 -->

  <typeAliases>
    <package name="com.ping.pojo"/>
  </typeAliases>
  <mappers>
    <mapper class="com.ping.dao.BookMapper"/>
  </mappers>
</configuration>

④編寫(xiě)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)對(duì)應(yīng)的實(shí)體類(lèi)Books.java：
使用了Lombok插件帚豪。

package com.ping.pojo;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Books {
  private int bookID;
  private String bookName;
  private int bookCounts;
  private String detail;
}

⑤ 編寫(xiě)Dao層的Mapper接口BookMapper.java：

package com.ping.dao;
import com.ping.pojo.Books;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import java.util.List;
public interface BookMapper {
  //增加一本Book
  int addBook(Books book);
  //根據(jù)id刪除一本Book
  int deleteBookById(@Param("bookId") int id);
  //更新Book
  int updateBook(Books books);
  //根據(jù)id查詢碳竟，返回一本Book
  Books queryBookById(@Param("bookId") int id);
  //查詢?nèi)康腂ook，返回一個(gè)List集合
  List<Books> queryAllBook();
}

⑥編寫(xiě)接口對(duì)應(yīng)的Mapper.xml文件狸臣，需要導(dǎo)入MyBatis的包BookMapper.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.ping.dao.BookMapper">
  <!-- 增加一本Book -->
  <insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books">
    insert into ssmbuild.books(bookName, bookCounts, detail)
    value (#{bookName}, #{bookCounts}, #{detail})
  </insert>
  <!-- 根據(jù)id刪除一本Book -->
  <delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="int">
    delete from ssmbuild.books where bookID = #{bookId}
  </delete>
  <!-- 更新Book -->
  <update id="updateBook" parameterType="Books">
    update ssmbuild.books
    set bookName = #{bookName},bookCounts = #{bookCounts},detail = #{detail}
    where bookID = #{bookID}
  </update>
  <!-- 根據(jù)id查詢莹桅，返回一本Book -->
  <select id="queryBookById" resultType="Books">
    select * from ssmbuild.books
    where bookID = #{bookId}
  </select>

    <!-- 查詢?nèi)康腂ook -->
    <select id="queryAllBook" resultType="Books">
        select * from ssmbuild.books
    </select>
</mapper>

⑦編寫(xiě)Service層的接口和實(shí)現(xiàn)類(lèi)。
接口BookService.java：

package com.ping.service;
import com.ping.pojo.Books;
import java.util.List;
public interface BookService {
  //增加一本Book
  int addBook(Books book);
  //根據(jù)id刪除一本Book
  int deleteBookById(int id);
  //更新Book
  int updateBook(Books books);
  //根據(jù)id查詢固棚，返回一本Book
  Books queryBookById(int id);
  //查詢?nèi)康腂ook熙参，返回一個(gè)List集合
  List<Books> queryAllBook();
}

實(shí)現(xiàn)類(lèi)BookServiceImpl.java：

package com.ping.service;
import com.ping.dao.BookMapper;
import com.ping.pojo.Books;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import java.util.List;
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService{
  //Service層調(diào)用Dao層操作，設(shè)置一個(gè)set接口脂倦，方便Spring管理
  @Autowired
  private BookMapper bookMapper;
  public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {
    this.bookMapper = bookMapper;
  }
  public int addBook(Books book) {
    return bookMapper.addBook(book);
  }
  public int deleteBookById(int id) {
    return bookMapper.deleteBookById(id);
  }
  public int updateBook(Books books) {
    return bookMapper.updateBook(books);
  }
  public Books queryBookById(int id) {
    return bookMapper.queryBookById(id);
  }
  public List<Books> queryAllBook() {
    return bookMapper.queryAllBook();
  }
}

2）Spring層編寫(xiě)
①配置Spring整合MyBatis业崖，這里數(shù)據(jù)源使用alibaba的druid連接池。
②編寫(xiě)Spring整合Mybatis的相關(guān)的配置文件spring-dao.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
  <!-- 配置整合MyBatis -->
  <!-- 關(guān)聯(lián)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)文件 -->
  <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties"/>
  <!-- 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)連接池：druid -->
  <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
    <!-- 配置連接池屬性 -->
    <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
    <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
    <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
    <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
    <property name="validationQuery" value="SELECT 1 FROM DUAL" />
  </bean>
  <!-- 配置SqlSessionFactory對(duì)象 -->
  <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
    <!-- 注入數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)連接池 -->
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    <!-- 綁定MyBatis全局配置文件：mybatis-config.xml -->
    <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
    <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mapper/*Mapper.xml"/>
  </bean>
  <!--配置掃描Dao接口包呜师，動(dòng)態(tài)實(shí)現(xiàn)Dao接口注入到spring容器中 -->
  <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
    <!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->
    <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
    <!-- 給出需要掃描Dao接口包 -->
    <property name="basePackage" value="com.ping.dao"/>
  </bean>
</beans>

數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)連接池：
Ⅰdbcp：半自動(dòng)化操作娶桦，不能自動(dòng)連接。
Ⅱc3p0：自動(dòng)化操作（自動(dòng)的加載配置文件汁汗，并且設(shè)置到對(duì)象里面）衷畦。
Ⅲdruid
③Spring整合service層的配置文件spring-service.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc.xsd">
  <!-- 掃描service相關(guān)的bean -->
  <context:component-scan base-package="com.ping.service"/>
  <!-- BookServiceImpl注入到IoC容器中 -->
  <bean id="BookServiceImpl" class="com.ping.service.BookServiceImpl">
    <property name="BookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/>
  </bean>
  <!-- 配置事務(wù)管理器 -->
  <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager" >
    <!-- 注入數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)連接池 -->
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
  </bean>
</beans>

3）SpringMVC層編寫(xiě)
①web.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
  <!-- 配置springmvc的前端控制器，指向spring-mvc.xml程序在啟動(dòng)的時(shí)候就加載springmv 可以接受所有請(qǐng)求load-on-startup：表示啟動(dòng)容器時(shí)初始化該Servlet -->
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath*:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
  <!-- 可以自定義servlet.xml配置文件的位置和名稱(chēng)知牌， 默認(rèn)為WEB-INF目錄下祈争，名稱(chēng)為[<servlet-name>]-servlet.xml，如spring-servlet.xml -->
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath*:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <!-- 將前端URL請(qǐng)求和后臺(tái)處理方法controller建立對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系-->
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <listener>
    <listener-class>
      org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
    </listener-class>
  </listener>
  <!--encodingFilter-->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
  <!--Session過(guò)期時(shí)間-->
  <session-config>
    <session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
  </session-config>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

②spring-mvc.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
       https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
  <!-- 配置SpringMVC -->
  <!-- 開(kāi)啟SpringMVC注解驅(qū)動(dòng) -->
  <mvc:annotation-driven/>
  <!-- 靜態(tài)資源默認(rèn)servlet配置-->
  <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
  <!-- 配置JSP角寸，顯示ViewResolver視圖解析器 -->
  <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
    <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
    <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
  </bean>
  <!-- 掃描web相關(guān)的bean -->
  <context:component-scan base-package="com.ping.controller"/>
</beans>

③Spring配置整合文件applicationContext.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
  <import resource="spring-dao.xml"/>
  <import resource="spring-service.xml"/>
  <import resource="spring-mvc.xml"/>
</beans>

4）Controller和視圖層編寫(xiě)
①編寫(xiě)B(tài)ookController類(lèi)BookController.java：

package com.ping.controller;
import com.ping.pojo.Books;
import com.ping.service.BookService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import java.util.List;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/book")
public class BookController {
  //controller層調(diào)service層
  @Autowired
  @Qualifier("BookServiceImpl")
  private BookService bookService;
  //查詢?nèi)康臅?shū)籍菩混，并且返回到一個(gè)書(shū)籍展示頁(yè)面
  @RequestMapping("/allBook")
  public String list(Model model) {
    List<Books> list = bookService.queryAllBook();
    model.addAttribute("list", list);
    return "allBook";
  }
}

②編寫(xiě)首頁(yè)index.jsp：

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>首頁(yè)</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>這是首頁(yè)</h1>
    <h3>
      <a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/book/allBook">連接</a>
    </h3>
  </body>
</html>

③編寫(xiě)獲取書(shū)籍列表頁(yè)面allbook.jsp：

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>書(shū)籍列表</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>書(shū)籍展示</h1>
    <table width="600" border="1">
      <tr>
        <td>編號(hào)</td>
        <td>名稱(chēng)</td>
        <td>數(shù)量</td>
        <td>介紹</td>
      </tr>
      <c:forEach items="${list}" var="book">
        <tr>
          <td>${book.bookID}</td>
          <td>${book.bookName}</td>
          <td>${book.bookCounts}</td>
          <td>${book.detail}</td>
        </tr>
      </c:forEach>
    </table>
  </body>
</html>

還可以進(jìn)行添加書(shū)籍、修改書(shū)籍扁藕、刪除書(shū)籍等代碼編寫(xiě)沮峡。
配置Tomcat，進(jìn)行測(cè)試亿柑。
項(xiàng)目結(jié)構(gòu)圖：

SSM基礎(chǔ)項(xiàng)目結(jié)構(gòu)圖

SSM基礎(chǔ)項(xiàng)目搭建（以書(shū)籍管理為例）的代碼可下載使用：https://share.weiyun.com/8apKwEFh