2018-08-27 socket編程

網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信需要的東西：IP地址设联、端口號镜雨、協(xié)議

端口號：范圍0-65535，0-1023為系統(tǒng)保留

IP地址+端口號=socket

一当叭、InetAddress
static:
InetAddress.getLocalHost()
InetAddress.getByName()
方法：
address.getHostName()
address.getHostAddress()

import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.util.Arrays;
public class Test1 {
    public static void main(String[] arg) throws UnknownHostException {
    //獲取InetAddress實例
    InetAddress address=InetAddress.getLocalHost();
    //獲取計算機名
    System.out.println("計算機名："+address.getHostName());
    //獲取IP地址
    System.out.println("IP地址："+address.getHostAddress());
    //字節(jié)數(shù)組形式IP地址
    byte[] bytes=address.getAddress();
    System.out.println("字節(jié)數(shù)組形式IP地址："+Arrays.toString(bytes));
    //直接打印
    System.out.println(address);
    //根據(jù)機器名獲取InetAddress實例
    InetAddress address2=InetAddress.getByName("DESKTOP-A4T5UT1");
    System.out.println("計算機名："+address2.getHostName());
    System.out.println("IP地址："+address2.getHostAddress());
    //根據(jù)IP獲取InetAddress實例
    InetAddress address3=InetAddress.getByName("192.168.1.108");
    System.out.println("計算機名："+address3.getHostName());
    System.out.println("IP地址："+address3.getHostAddress());
    }
}

輸出：

image.png

二熙揍、URL
方法：
url.getProtocol()
url.getHost()
url.getPort()
url.getPath()
url.getRef()
url.getQuery()

import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;

public class Test1 {

    public static void main(String[] arg)  {
        try {
            //創(chuàng)建URL實例
            URL imooc=new URL("http://www.imooc.com/");
            //?后面表示參數(shù)职祷，#后面表示錨點
            URL url=new URL(imooc,"/index.html?username=tom#test");
            System.out.println("協(xié)議："+url.getProtocol());
            System.out.println("主機："+url.getHost());
            //未指定端口號，使用默認(rèn)端口號80届囚，返回值為-1
            System.out.println("端口："+url.getPort());
            System.out.println("文件路徑："+url.getPath());
            System.out.println("文件名稱："+url.getRef());
            System.out.println("查詢字符串："+url.getQuery());
        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

輸出：

image.png

拉取網(wǎng)頁:

import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.BufferedReader;

public class Test1 {

    public static void main(String[] arg)  {
        try {
            //創(chuàng)建URL實例
            URL url=new URL("http://www.baidu.com/");
            //通過URl的openStream方法獲取URL對象表示的資源的字節(jié)輸入流
            InputStream is=url.openStream();
            //將字節(jié)輸入流轉(zhuǎn)換為字符輸入流
            InputStreamReader isr=new InputStreamReader(is,"utf-8");
            //為字符輸入流添加緩沖
            BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(isr);
            //讀取數(shù)據(jù)
            String data =br.readLine();
            while(data!=null)
            {
                System.out.println(data);
                data=br.readLine();
            }
            br.close();
            isr.close();
            is.close();
        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

輸出：

image.png

為網(wǎng)頁的html

三有梆、socket

image.png

服務(wù)端：

public static void main(String[] arg)   {
        try{
              //1.創(chuàng)建一個服務(wù)器端的Socket,即ServerSocket，指定綁定的端口
                     ServerSocket ss= new ServerSocket(8880);
                     //2.調(diào)用accept方法開始監(jiān)聽意系，等待客戶端的連接
                     System.out.println("服務(wù)器即將啟動泥耀，等待客戶端的連接...");
                     Socket so=ss.accept();//accept方法返回Socket實例
                     //3.獲取一個輸入流，并讀取客戶端信息
                     InputStream is=so.getInputStream();//字節(jié)輸入流
                     InputStreamReader isr=new InputStreamReader(is);//將字節(jié)輸入流包裝成字符輸入流
                     BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(isr);//加上緩沖流蛔添，提高效率
                     String info=null;
                     while((info=br.readLine())!=null){//循環(huán)讀取客戶端信息
                         System.out.println("我是服務(wù)器痰催，客戶端說："+info);
                         
                     }
                     so.shutdownInput();//關(guān)閉輸入流
                     //4.獲取一個輸出流，向客戶端輸出信息,響應(yīng)客戶端的請求
                     OutputStream os=(OutputStream) so.getOutputStream();//字節(jié)輸出流
                     PrintWriter pw=new PrintWriter(os);//字符輸出流
                     BufferedWriter bw=new BufferedWriter(pw);//緩沖輸出流
                     bw.write("歡迎您迎瞧！");
                     bw.newLine();
                     bw.flush();
                     
                     //5.關(guān)閉資源
                     os.close();
                     pw.close();
                     bw.close();
                     br.close();
                     isr.close();
                     is.close();
                     so.close();
                     ss.close();
        }catch(IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

客戶端：

public static void main(String arg[]) throws IOException{
     //1.創(chuàng)建客戶端Socket夸溶，指定服務(wù)器地址和端口
             Socket so=new Socket("localhost", 8880);//端口號要和服務(wù)器端相同
             //2.獲取輸出流，向服務(wù)器端發(fā)送登錄的信息
             OutputStream os=(OutputStream) so.getOutputStream();//字節(jié)輸出流
             PrintWriter pw=new PrintWriter(os);//字符輸出流
             BufferedWriter bw=new BufferedWriter(pw);//加上緩沖流
             bw.write("用戶名：admin;密碼：123");
             bw.flush();
             so.shutdownOutput();//關(guān)閉輸出流
             //3.獲取輸入流夹攒，得到服務(wù)端的響應(yīng)信息
             InputStream is=(InputStream) so.getInputStream();
             InputStreamReader isr=new InputStreamReader(is);
             BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(isr);
             String info=null;
             while((info=br.readLine())!=null){
                 System.out.println("我是客戶端蜘醋，服務(wù)器說:"+info);
             }
             //4.關(guān)閉資源
             bw.close();
             pw.close();
             os.close();
             so.close();
}

參考：https://www.imooc.com/video/2802