耶魯大學(xué)——心理學(xué)導(dǎo)論

Institutional evil, perhaps not due to malice but because of the situation she’s in.

Mood disorder

Anxiety disorder

Personality disorder

Depression

Sex differences

Obesity

Eating disorders

Psychopathy

You,?your?joys?and?your?sorrows,?your?memories?and?your?ambitions,?your?sense?of?personal?identity?and?free?will?are?in?fact?no?more?than?the?behavior?of?a?vast?assembly?of?nerve?cells?and?their?associated?molecules.

you're?nothing?but?a?pack?of?neurons

duality?of?people

Oral stage: Birth to 1 year old, where pleasure is centered around the mouth.

Anal stage: 1 to 3 years old, where pleasure is focused on bowel and bladder control.

Phallic stage: 3 to 6 years old, where pleasure is focused on the genitals and children develop unconscious desires for the opposite-sex parent, known as the Oedipus complex (for boys) or Electra complex (for girls).

Latency stage: 6 years old to puberty, where sexual desires are repressed and children focus on developing social and intellectual skills.

Genital stage: Puberty onwards, where sexual urges reawaken and are directed towards others in a mature and socially acceptable manner.

Freud also proposed the structural model of the psyche, which includes the id, ego, and superego. The id represents primal urges and operates on the pleasure principle, seeking immediate gratification. The ego mediates between the id, superego, and external reality, operating on the reality principle. The superego represents internalized societal and parental standards, acting as a moral conscience.

sublimation

hydraulic theory,?some?of?this?stuff?slips?out?and?it?shows?up?in?dreams?and?it?shows?up?in?slips?of?the?tongue.

defense mechanisms

displacement

projection

rationalization

regression

hysteria

amnesia

autism

habituation

classical conditioning

conditioned stimulus

spantaneous recovery?

stimulus generalization

desensitization

conditional response, conditional stimulus

unconditional response, unconditional stimulus

assimilation

accommodation

Asperger?syndrome

amnesia

Stroop?effect

Pratfall?Effect

The?genetic?relatedness,?from?an?evolutionary?standpoint,?affects?how?much?you?care?for?other?people

reciprocal?altruism

free riders

The?Prisoner's?Dilemma

The?Ultimatum?Game

Flynn?effect

man hands on ?misery to man

2 ways to diffuse responsibility, in group and anonymity

Kitty?Genovese?case

maximum?six?degrees?of?separation

spotlight?effect

transparency?effect

Lake?Wobegon?effect

cognitive?dissonance

So,?to?sum?up,?there?are?three?main?findings?about?you?that?come?out?in?social?psychology.

One?is?you?believe?everybody?notices?you?even?when?they?don't.

You're?the?hero?of?your?story.

The?second?one?is,?you're?terrific,?you?are?better?than?average?in?every?possible?way,?each?one?of?you.

And?finally,?what?you?do?makes?sense.

The?more?you?see?something?the?more?you?like?it?and?this?is?sometimes?known?as?"the?mere?exposure?effect

Familiarity?

similarity?

Matthew?effect

first impressions

stereotype

confirmation?bias

stereotype threat

adaptive?behavior

antisocial?personality?disorder

bipolar?disorders

extreme?altruism

It?used?to?be?thought?that?severe?mental?illness?was?a?result?of?demonic?possession

schizophrenia

if?you?keep?changing?what?you're?doing?you'll?never?get?used?to?anything?and?you'll?always?be?happy

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