本系列文章來(lái)源：<a>https://blog.ansheng.me/article/python-full-stack-way</a>
This module implements a common interface to many different secure hash and message digest algorithms. Included are the FIPS secure hash algorithms SHA1, SHA224, SHA256, SHA384, and SHA512 (defined in FIPS 180-2) as well as RSA’s MD5 algorithm (defined in Internet RFC 1321). The terms “secure hash” and “message digest” are interchangeable. Older algorithms were called message digests. The modern term is secure hash.
用于加密相關(guān)的操作将塑，代替了md5模塊和sha模塊量承，主要提供 SHA1, SHA224, SHA256, SHA384, SHA512 ，MD5 算法
md5加密：
In [1]: import hashlib
# hashlib后面是把數(shù)據(jù)加密成什么類(lèi)型
In [2]: hash = hashlib.md5()
# 在python3內(nèi)，加密的字符串轉(zhuǎn)換成字節(jié)指定字符編碼
In [4]: hash.update(str("wangerxiao",encoding='utf-8'))
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
TypeError Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-4-d1e50e991a5c> in <module>()
----> 1 hash.update(str("wangerxiao",encoding='utf-8'))
TypeError: decoding str is not supported
In [6]: hash.update(bytes("wangerxiao",encoding='utf-8'))
# 獲取加密后的md5值
In [7]: hash.hexdigest()
Out[7]: 'faf0fdf7e8c2eb33aaf4b5242be0221f'
sha1:
In [8]: import hashlib
In [9]: hash = hashlib.sha1()
In [10]: hash.update(bytes('wangerxiao',encoding='utf-8'))
In [11]: hash.hexdigest()
Out[11]: 'c68589ba4996055a1b8c12ec0174b0499112691e'
SHA256, SHA384, SHA512 都是同樣的套路搁宾，不再舉例猎唁。
為防止別人對(duì)我們的md5值進(jìn)行撞庫(kù)，我們可以給md5加個(gè)鹽
In [12]: import hashlib
# hashlib.md5括號(hào)內(nèi)填寫(xiě)鹽的內(nèi)容
In [13]: hash = hashlib.md5(bytes("wangerxiao",encoding='utf-8'))
In [14]: hash.hexdigest()
Out[14]: 'faf0fdf7e8c2eb33aaf4b5242be0221f'
另外一個(gè)加鹽模塊：
In [15]: import hashlib
In [16]: import hmac
In [17]: h = hmac.new(bytes('wangerxiao',encoding='utf-8'))
In [18]: h.update(bytes('wangerxiao',encoding='utf-8'))
In [19]: h.hexdigest()
Out[19]: '7f28db5b2ed6d86da939d4f75fbfec73'
