創(chuàng)建一個POJO對象
public class Person {
private String firstName, lastName, job, gender;
private int salary, age;
public Person(String firstName, String lastName, String job,
String gender, int age, int salary) {
this.firstName = firstName;
this.lastName = lastName;
this.gender = gender;
this.age = age;
this.job = job;
this.salary = salary;
}
// Getter and Setter
// . . . . .
}
創(chuàng)建兩個list,都用來存放Person對象:
List<Person> javaProgrammers = new ArrayList<Person>() {
{
add(new Person("Elsdon", "Jaycob", "Java programmer", "male", 43, 2000));
add(new Person("Tamsen", "Brittany", "Java programmer", "female", 23, 1500));
add(new Person("Floyd", "Donny", "Java programmer", "male", 33, 1800));
add(new Person("Sindy", "Jonie", "Java programmer", "female", 32, 1600));
add(new Person("Vere", "Hervey", "Java programmer", "male", 22, 1200));
add(new Person("Maude", "Jaimie", "Java programmer", "female", 27, 1900));
add(new Person("Shawn", "Randall", "Java programmer", "male", 30, 2300));
add(new Person("Jayden", "Corrina", "Java programmer", "female", 35, 1700));
add(new Person("Palmer", "Dene", "Java programmer", "male", 33, 2000));
add(new Person("Addison", "Pam", "Java programmer", "female", 34, 1300));
}
};
List<Person> phpProgrammers = new ArrayList<Person>() {
{
add(new Person("Jarrod", "Pace", "PHP programmer", "male", 34, 1550));
add(new Person("Clarette", "Cicely", "PHP programmer", "female", 23, 1200));
add(new Person("Victor", "Channing", "PHP programmer", "male", 32, 1600));
add(new Person("Tori", "Sheryl", "PHP programmer", "female", 21, 1000));
add(new Person("Osborne", "Shad", "PHP programmer", "male", 32, 1100));
add(new Person("Rosalind", "Layla", "PHP programmer", "female", 25, 1300));
add(new Person("Fraser", "Hewie", "PHP programmer", "male", 36, 1100));
add(new Person("Quinn", "Tamara", "PHP programmer", "female", 21, 1000));
add(new Person("Alvin", "Lance", "PHP programmer", "male", 38, 1600));
add(new Person("Evonne", "Shari", "PHP programmer", "female", 40, 1800));
}
};
使用forEach方法來迭代輸出上述列表:
System.out.println("所有程序員的姓名:");
javaProgrammers.forEach((p) -> System.out.printf("%s %s; ", p.getFirstName(), p.getLastName()));
phpProgrammers.forEach((p) -> System.out.printf("%s %s; ", p.getFirstName(), p.getLastName()));
使用forEach方法,增加程序員的工資5%:
System.out.println("給程序員加薪 5% :");
Consumer<Person> giveRaise = e -> e.setSalary(e.getSalary() / 100 * 5 + e.getSalary());
javaProgrammers.forEach(giveRaise);
phpProgrammers.forEach(giveRaise)
濾器filter() ,讓我們顯示月薪超過1400美元的PHP程序員:
System.out.println("下面是月薪超過 $1,400 的PHP程序員:")
phpProgrammers.stream()
.filter((p) -> (p.getSalary() > 1400))
.forEach((p) -> System.out.printf("%s %s; ", p.getFirstName(), p.getLastName()));
我們也可以定義過濾器,然后重用它們來執(zhí)行其他操作:
// 定義 filters
Predicate<Person> ageFilter = (p) -> (p.getAge() > 25);
Predicate<Person> salaryFilter = (p) -> (p.getSalary() > 1400);
Predicate<Person> genderFilter = (p) -> ("female".equals(p.getGender()));
System.out.println("下面是年齡大于 24歲且月薪在$1,400以上的女PHP程序員:");
phpProgrammers.stream()
.filter(ageFilter)
.filter(salaryFilter)
.filter(genderFilter)
.forEach((p) -> System.out.printf("%s %s; ", p.getFirstName(), p.getLastName()));
// 重用filters
System.out.println("年齡大于 24歲的女性 Java programmers:");
javaProgrammers.stream()
.filter(ageFilter)
.filter(genderFilter)
.forEach((p) -> System.out.printf("%s %s; ", p.getFirstName(), p.getLastName()));
使用limit方法,可以限制結(jié)果集的個數(shù):
System.out.println("最前面的3個 Java programmers:");
javaProgrammers.stream()
.limit(3)
.forEach((p) -> System.out.printf("%s %s; ", p.getFirstName(), p.getLastName()));
System.out.println("最前面的3個女性 Java programmers:");
javaProgrammers.stream()
.filter(genderFilter)
.limit(3)
.forEach((p) -> System.out.printf("%s %s; ", p.getFirstName(), p.getLastName()));
排序呢? 我們在stream中能處理嗎? 答案是肯定的。 在下面的例子中,我們將根據(jù)名字和薪水排序Java程序員,放到一個list中,然后顯示列表:
import static java.util.stream.Collectors.toList;
System.out.println("根據(jù) name 排序,并顯示前5個 Java programmers:");
List<Person> sortedJavaProgrammers = javaProgrammers
.stream()
.sorted((p, p2) -> (p.getFirstName().compareTo(p2.getFirstName())))
.limit(5)
.collect(toList());
sortedJavaProgrammers.forEach((p) -> System.out.printf("%s %s; %n", p.getFirstName(), p.getLastName()));
System.out.println("根據(jù) salary 排序 Java programmers:");
sortedJavaProgrammers = javaProgrammers
.stream()
.sorted( (p, p2) -> (p.getSalary() - p2.getSalary()) )
.collect( toList() );
sortedJavaProgrammers.forEach((p) -> System.out.printf("%s %s; %n", p.getFirstName(), p.getLastName()));
如果我們只對最低和最高的薪水感興趣,比排序后選擇第一個/最后一個 更快的是min和max方法:
ystem.out.println("工資最低的 Java programmer:");
Person pers = javaProgrammers
.stream()
.min((p1, p2) -> (p1.getSalary() - p2.getSalary()))
.get()
System.out.printf("Name: %s %s; Salary: $%,d.", pers.getFirstName(), pers.getLastName(), pers.getSalary())
System.out.println("工資最高的 Java programmer:");
Person person = javaProgrammers
.stream()
.max((p, p2) -> (p.getSalary() - p2.getSalary()))
.get()
System.out.printf("Name: %s %s; Salary: $%,d.", person.getFirstName(), person.getLastName(), person.getSalary())
上面的例子中我們已經(jīng)看到 collect 方法是如何工作的。 結(jié)合 map 方法,我們可以使用 collect 方法來將我們的結(jié)果集放到一個字符串,一個 Set 或一個TreeSet中:
System.out.println("將 PHP programmers 的 first name 拼接成字符串:");
String phpDevelopers = phpProgrammers
.stream()
.map(Person::getFirstName)
.collect(joining(" ; ")); // 在進(jìn)一步的操作中可以作為標(biāo)記(token)
System.out.println("將 Java programmers 的 first name 存放到 Set:");
Set<String> javaDevFirstName = javaProgrammers
.stream()
.map(Person::getFirstName)
.collect(toSet());
System.out.println("將 Java programmers 的 first name 存放到 TreeSet:");
TreeSet<String> javaDevLastName = javaProgrammers
.stream()
.map(Person::getLastName)
.collect(toCollection(TreeSet::new));
Streams 還可以是并行的(parallel)轿塔。 示例如下:
System.out.println("計算付給 Java programmers 的所有money:");
int totalSalary = javaProgrammers
.parallelStream()
.mapToInt(p -> p.getSalary())
.sum();
我們可以使用summaryStatistics方法獲得stream 中元素的各種匯總數(shù)據(jù)。 接下來,我們可以訪問這些方法,比如getMax, getMin, getSum或getAverage
//計算 count, min, max, sum, and average for numbers
List<Integer> numbers = Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10);
IntSummaryStatistics stats = numbers
.stream()
.mapToInt((x) -> x)
.summaryStatistics();
System.out.println("List中最大的數(shù)字 : " + stats.getMax());
System.out.println("List中最小的數(shù)字 : " + stats.getMin());
System.out.println("所有數(shù)字的總和 : " + stats.getSum());
System.out.println("所有數(shù)字的平均值 : " + stats.getAverage());
