MySQL 5.6離線二進(jìn)制部署
1渐北、下載壓縮包并上傳至liunx
下載 mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz壓縮包
百度云鏈接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/14I_i-i7D1S5rIfSmbeNpVg
提取碼:fktz
使用rz命令上傳至/usr/local目錄。
[root@localhost local]# pwd
/usr/local
[root@localhost local]# ll mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 311771412 11月 21 09:39 mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
2瘟裸、檢查當(dāng)前系統(tǒng)是否有安裝mysql其他版本
[root@localhost local]# ps -ef|grep mysqld #檢查是否安裝mysql
root? ? ? 2493? 2423? 0 19:48 pts/3? ? 00:00:00 grep mysqld
[root@localhost local]# rpm -qa |grep -i mysql #卸載已有的mysql测摔,即使沒(méi)有安裝mysql也可以執(zhí)行該命令
3暑中、創(chuàng)建mysql專用的用戶及用戶組
? ? ?mysql服務(wù)--》mysql用戶去維護(hù)
[root@localhost local]# groupadd -g 101 dba #創(chuàng)建名為 dba的用戶主組
[root@localhost local]# useradd -u 514 -g dba -G root -d /usr/local/mysql mysqladmin? #創(chuàng)建用戶id=514 主組=dba 附加組=root 家目錄=?/usr/local/mysql(注:不指定家目錄系統(tǒng)會(huì)默認(rèn)家目錄為home目錄)灶体,用戶名=mysqladmin
新增的mysqladmin會(huì)提示:
[root@localhost local]# useradd -u 514 -g dba -G root -d /usr/local/mysql mysqladmin
useradd:警告:此主目錄已經(jīng)存在钦讳。
不從 skel 目錄里向其中復(fù)制任何文件。
出現(xiàn)這個(gè)提示表示這個(gè)創(chuàng)建的用戶沒(méi)有樣式枕面,切換用戶會(huì)顯示如下?tīng)顟B(tài)愿卒。
[root@localhost local]# su - mysqladmin?
-bash-4.2$
解決方法:手工將/etc/skel/目錄下的文件拷貝到mysqladmin的家目錄下。
[root@localhost local]# cp /etc/skel/.* /usr/local/mysql
cp: 略過(guò)目錄"/etc/skel/."
cp: 略過(guò)目錄"/etc/skel/.."
[root@localhost ~]# id mysqladmin #查看用戶信息
uid=514(mysqladmin) gid=101(dba) 組=101(dba),0(root)
4潮秘、解壓mysql琼开,創(chuàng)建軟鏈接及修改軟鏈接所屬用戶組和授權(quán)。
tar -xvzf??mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
ln -s?mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64? mysql #在當(dāng)前目錄創(chuàng)建名為“mysql”的軟鏈接
修改軟鏈接和mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64的所屬用戶和組枕荞,默認(rèn)是所屬root用戶及用戶組柜候,需要改為mysqladmin用戶dba組搞动。
chown -R mysqladmin:dba /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysqladmin:dba /usr/local/mysql/*
chown -R mysqladmin:dba /usr/local/mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64
修改軟鏈接和mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64的權(quán)限
chmod -R 755 /usr/local/mysql? #修改mysql文件夾的權(quán)限為755
chmod -R 755 /usr/local/mysql/*? #修改mysql文件夾中所有文件的權(quán)限為755
chmod -R 755 /usr/local/mysql-5.6.23-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64? #修改原文件夾的權(quán)限為755
5、修改mysql配置文件及權(quán)限
my.cnf文件所在的文件目錄
#defualt start: /etc/my.cnf->/etc/mysql/my.cnf->SYSCONFDIR/my.cnf->$MYSQL_HOME/my.cnf-> --defaults-extra-file->~/my.cnf
[root@localhost skel]# cd /etc/?
[root@localhost etc]# ll my.cnf?
-rw-r-----. 1 mysqladmin dba 2218 11月 21 11:54 my.cnf
建議修改my.cnf文件時(shí)渣刷,先做備份
[root@localhost etc]#? cp my.cnf? my.cnf2019
使用vi命令編輯my.cnf文件
[root@localhost etc]# vi my.cnf
按dG清空my.cnf文件配置信息鹦肿,將下列參數(shù)復(fù)制粘貼到my.cnf文件(注意:在insert狀態(tài)下粘貼)
[client]
port? ? ? ? ? ? = 3306
socket? ? ? ? ? = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
port? ? ? ? ? ? = 3306
socket? ? ? ? ? = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 256M
sort_buffer_size = 2M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M
query_cache_size= 32M
max_allowed_packet = 16M
myisam_sort_buffer_size=128M
tmp_table_size=32M
table_open_cache = 512
thread_cache_size = 8
wait_timeout = 86400
interactive_timeout = 86400
max_connections = 600
# Try number of CPU's*2 for thread_concurrency
thread_concurrency = 32
#isolation level and default engine
default-storage-engine = INNODB
transaction-isolation = READ-COMMITTED
server-id? = 1
basedir? ? = /usr/local/mysql
datadir? ? = /usr/local/mysql/data
pid-file? ? = /usr/local/mysql/data/hostname.pid
#open performance schema
log-warnings
sysdate-is-now
binlog_format = MIXED
log_bin_trust_function_creators=1
log-error? = /usr/local/mysql/data/hostname.err
log-bin=/usr/local/mysql/arch/mysql-bin
#other logs
#general_log =1
#general_log_file? = /usr/local/mysql/data/general_log.err
#slow_query_log=1
#slow_query_log_file=/usr/local/mysql/data/slow_log.err
#for replication slave
#log-slave-updates
#sync_binlog = 1
#for innodb options
innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data/
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:500M:autoextend
innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/arch
innodb_log_files_in_group = 2
innodb_log_file_size = 200M
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2048M
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 50M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 100
#innodb_thread_concurrency = 0
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog=1
#innodb io features: add for mysql5.5.8
performance_schema
innodb_read_io_threads=4
innodb-write-io-threads=4
innodb-io-capacity=200
#purge threads change default(0) to 1 for purge
innodb_purge_threads=1
innodb_use_native_aio=on
#case-sensitive file names and separate tablespace
innodb_file_per_table = 1
lower_case_table_names=1
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 256M
sort_buffer_size = 256M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
修改my.cnf文件權(quán)限
[root@localhost etc]# chown mysqladmin:dba /etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost etc]# chmod 640 /etc/my.cnf
[root@localhost etc]# ll my.cnf
-rw-r-----. 1 mysqladmin dba 2218 11月 21 11:54 my.cnf #所屬用戶mysqladmin 有讀寫權(quán)限 所屬dba組只讀權(quán)限。
6辅柴、切換用戶創(chuàng)建歸檔文件箩溃,運(yùn)行初始化腳本
[root@localhost etc]# su - mysqladmin
[mysqladmin@localhost ~]$ mkdir arch
[mysqladmin@localhost ~]$ scripts/mysql_install_db \
--user=mysqladmin \
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
[mysqladmin@localhost ~]$ scripts/mysql_install_db
-bash: scripts/mysql_install_db: /usr/bin/perl: 壞的解釋器: 沒(méi)有那個(gè)文件或目錄(提示缺失perl 依賴組件)
mysql_install_db是一個(gè)默認(rèn)放在.../mysql/scripts的一個(gè)初始化腳本。
該腳本可以在任何裝有perl的操作系統(tǒng)上被使用碌嘀,在5.6.8之前的版本涣旨,該腳本是一個(gè)shell腳本股冗,并只能在unix平臺(tái)上使用。
5.7.6以后的版本止状,該腳本也將被移除。
官方對(duì)它的介紹是:
Initialize MySQL Data Directory
安裝完mysql server時(shí)导俘,一般要執(zhí)行這個(gè)腳本對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)初始化。
運(yùn)行這個(gè)腳本旅薄,會(huì)初始化mysql的data目錄,并且創(chuàng)建那些系統(tǒng)表少梁。
同樣也會(huì)初始化系統(tǒng)表空間并且關(guān)聯(lián)innodb表與數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)。
[mysqladmin@localhost ~]$ scripts/mysql_install_db \
> --user=mysqladmin \
> --basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
> --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
FATAL ERROR: please install the following Perl modules before executing scripts/mysql_install_db:
Data::Dumper (提示缺失?autoconf依賴組件)
(注意:執(zhí)行以上命令會(huì)出現(xiàn)提示缺失的依賴組件第焰,請(qǐng)根據(jù)提示切換到root用戶安裝依賴組件)
yum install -y perl
yum install -y autoconf
yum install -y libaio
將服務(wù)文件拷貝到init.d下,并重命名為mysql
[mysqladmin@localhost ~]$ su - root #切換到root用戶
上一次登錄:四 11月 21 13:08:32 CST 2019從 219.135.174.166pts/4 上
[root@localhost ~]#
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost mysql]#
[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql? ##將服務(wù)文件拷貝到init.d下挺举,并重命名為mysql
[root@localhost mysql]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql ##賦予可執(zhí)行權(quán)限
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --del mysql #刪除mysql服務(wù)烘跺,如果之前部署過(guò)mysql,請(qǐng)先刪除服務(wù)再重新添加
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --add mysql ##添加服務(wù)
[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --level 345 mysql on? ##設(shè)置mysql服務(wù)開(kāi)機(jī)自啟動(dòng)
通過(guò)腳本設(shè)置開(kāi)機(jī)自啟動(dòng)滤淳,在rc.local文件添加 su - mysqladmin -c "/etc/init.d/mysql start --federated"
##大概意思:?jiǎn)?dòng)后切換到mysqladmin用戶梧喷,同時(shí)執(zhí)行/etc/init.d/mysql start --federated 命令行##
[root@localhost mysql]# vi /etc/rc.local
#!/bin/bash
# THIS FILE IS ADDED FOR COMPATIBILITY PURPOSES
# It is highly advisable to create own systemd services or udev rules
# to run scripts during boot instead of using this file.
# In contrast to previous versions due to parallel execution during boot
# this script will NOT be run after all other services.
# Please note that you must run 'chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local' to ensure
# that this script will be executed during boot.
touch /var/lock/subsys/local
su - mysqladmin -c "/etc/init.d/mysql start --federated"
7、啟動(dòng)mysql并查看進(jìn)程和偵聽(tīng)
[root@localhost ~]# su - mysqladmin
上一次登錄:四 11月 21 15:26:38 CST 2019pts/4 上
[mysqladmin@localhost ~]$ rm -rf my.cnf my-new.cnf
[mysqladmin@localhost ~]$ service mysql start #啟動(dòng)mysql服務(wù)
Starting MySQL SUCCESS!
[mysqladmin@localhost ~]$ service mysql status #查看mysql狀態(tài)
SUCCESS! MySQL running (79648)
[mysqladmin@localhost ~]$ mysql -uroot -p #登錄mysql,默認(rèn)密碼為空铺敌,提示輸入密碼直接按回車
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.? Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.23-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
查看進(jìn)程
[mysqladmin@localhost ~]$ ps -ef |grep mysqld
mysqlad+? 40858? 85885? 0 15:13 pts/4? ? 00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysqld
mysqlad+? 79001? 78701? 0 12:07 pts/3? ? 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
mysqlad+? 79648? 79001? 0 12:07 pts/3? ? 00:00:05 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/hostname.err --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/hostname.pid --socket=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock --port=3306
[mysqladmin@localhost ~]$ netstat -tulnp | grep mysql
(Not all processes could be identified, non-owned process info
will not be shown, you would have to be root to see it all.)
tcp6? ? ? 0? ? ? 0 :::3306? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? :::*? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? LISTEN? ? ? 79648/mysqld? ? ? ?
8汇歹、登錄mysql并設(shè)置密碼
[mysqladmin@localhost ~]$ mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.? Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.6.23-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databeses;
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'databeses' at line 1
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database? ? ? ? ? |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql? ? ? ? ? ? ? |
| performance_schema |
| test? ? ? ? ? ? ? |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> use mysql #切換到mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
Database changed
mysql> update user set password=password('centos') where user='root'; #設(shè)置密碼
Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 4? Changed: 4? Warnings: 0
mysql> select user,password,host from user;
+-------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+
| user |? ? ? ? ? ? ?password? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? | host? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? |
+-------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+
| root | *128977E278358FF80A246B5046F51043A2B1FCED? ? ? | localhost? ? ? ? ? ? |
| root | *128977E278358FF80A246B5046F51043A2B1FCED? ? ? | localhost.localdomain |
| root | *128977E278358FF80A246B5046F51043A2B1FCED? ? ? | 127.0.0.1? ? ? ? ? ? |
| root | *128977E278358FF80A246B5046F51043A2B1FCED? ? ? | ::1? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? |
|? ? ? |? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?| localhost? ? ? ? ? ? |
|? ? ? |? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?| localhost.localdomain |
+------+-------------------------------------------+-----------------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> delete from user where user='';? ? #刪除為空的用戶
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select user,password,host from user;
+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+
| user |? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?password? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? | host? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? |
+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+
| root | *128977E278358FF80A246B5046F51043A2B1FCED | localhost? ? ? ? ? ? |
| root | *128977E278358FF80A246B5046F51043A2B1FCED | localhost.localdomain |
| root | *128977E278358FF80A246B5046F51043A2B1FCED | 127.0.0.1? ? ? ? ? ? |
| root | *128977E278358FF80A246B5046F51043A2B1FCED | ::1? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? |
+------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;? ?#刷新權(quán)限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit
9、配置環(huán)境變量
[mysqladmin@localhost ~]$ vi .bashrc #個(gè)人變量文件
# .bashrc
# Source global definitions
if [ -f /etc/bashrc ]; then
? ? ? ? . /etc/bashrc
fi
# Uncomment the following line if you don't like systemctl's auto-paging feature:
# export SYSTEMD_PAGER=
# User specific aliases and functions
export MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql
export PATH=$MYSQL_HOME/bin:$PATH
PS1=`uname -n`":"'$USER'":"'$PWD'":>"; export PS1? #加上這個(gè)配置會(huì)有驚喜哦偿凭。
[mysqladmin@localhost ~]$ source .bashrc #生效環(huán)境變量
localhost.localdomain:mysqladmin:/usr/local/mysql:>? ? #這個(gè)顯示的格式就是配置文件中的驚喜产弹。
至此我們的mysql部署已經(jīng)完成。
mysql部署出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題的解決方法:
a笔喉、檢查執(zhí)行的目錄和用戶
b取视、重新部署
? ? ?1.1刪除歸檔和數(shù)據(jù)文件夾:rm -rf /usr/local/mysql/arch/*? ? ?rm -rf? /usr/local/mysql/data
arch文件夾存放的是binlog,里面的文件有按時(shí)間自動(dòng)刪除機(jī)制常挚。 data文件夾存放數(shù)據(jù)文件
? ? ?1.2重新執(zhí)行以下命令:
scripts/mysql_install_db \
--user=mysqladmin \
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data