這篇翻譯原文是TED演講者Laura Vanderkam的演講稿，演講的題目是[How to gain control of your free time],如果對(duì)這個(gè)演講感興趣的話(huà)，可以在www.ted.com輸入演講者的名字以觀(guān)看該視頻。
目錄：
1.演講者自嘲：入題
2.優(yōu)先的事=壞了的熱水器
3.找出優(yōu)先的事的兩個(gè)策略
4.如何去做
5.我們真的有時(shí)間
一.演講者自嘲：入題
When people find out I write about time management, they assume two things. One is that I'm always on time, and I'm not. I have four small children, and I would like to blame them for my occasional tardiness, but sometimes it's just not their fault. I was once late to my own speech on time management.
當(dāng)人們發(fā)現(xiàn)我寫(xiě)關(guān)于時(shí)間管理時(shí)烫映，他們假設(shè)兩件事情，一是我始終準(zhǔn)時(shí)，但我不是酣藻。我有四個(gè)孩子，有時(shí)會(huì)因?yàn)槲业倪t到而責(zé)怪他們鳍置，但有時(shí)也不是他們的錯(cuò)辽剧。我曾經(jīng)在我們的時(shí)間管理演講上遲到了。
We all had to just take a moment together and savor that irony.我們都需要一點(diǎn)時(shí)間欣賞那個(gè)反語(yǔ)税产。（此處是因?yàn)橛^(guān)眾因?yàn)樗跁r(shí)間管理的演講遲到笑了）怕轿。
The second thing they assume is that I have lots of tips and tricks for saving bits of time here and there. Sometimes I'll hear from magazines that are doing a story along these lines, generally on how to help their readers find an extra hour in the day. And the idea is that we'll shave bits of time off everyday activities, add it up, and we'll have time for the good stuff. I question the entire premise of this piece, but I'm always interested in hearing what they've come up with before they call me. Some of my favorites: doing errands where you only have to make right-hand turns —
第二是他們認(rèn)為我有許多從各種場(chǎng)合節(jié)約時(shí)間的技巧。我有時(shí)我從那些圍繞著這些話(huà)題寫(xiě)故事的雜志里讀到辟拷，如何幫助他們的讀者從一天里擠出額外的一小時(shí)撤卢。他們的觀(guān)點(diǎn)是我們從每天的活動(dòng)里擠出一點(diǎn)時(shí)間，累計(jì)起來(lái)梧兼，我們就有時(shí)間給重要的事情了放吩。我質(zhì)疑這個(gè)觀(guān)點(diǎn)的整個(gè)前提，但我也對(duì)他們?cè)诤艚形抑叭绾翁岢鲇^(guān)點(diǎn)很感興趣羽杰。一些我最喜歡的：做那些你只需翻翻右手的差事渡紫。
Being extremely judicious in microwave usage: it says three to three-and-a-half minutes on the package, we're totally getting in on the bottom side of that. And my personal favorite, which makes sense on some level, is to DVR your favorite shows so you can fast-forward through the commercials. That way, you save eight minutes every half hour, so in the course of two hours of watching TV, you find 32 minutes to exercise.
對(duì)于微波爐的使用要相當(dāng)明智：也就是3到3分30秒的食物包裝時(shí)間，我們已經(jīng)達(dá)到了極限考赛。我個(gè)人最喜歡的惕澎，在某些層面是說(shuō)得通的，錄下你最喜歡的節(jié)目颜骤，那樣你就可以快速跳過(guò)廣告了唧喉。那樣，你每半小時(shí)可以節(jié)約8分鐘忍抽，這樣當(dāng)你看兩個(gè)小時(shí)電視時(shí)八孝，你就有32分鐘鍛煉了。
Which is true. You know another way to find 32 minutes to exercise? Don't watch two hours of TV a day, right?這是真的鸠项。但你知道另有方法找到32分鐘來(lái)鍛煉干跛，每天不看2個(gè)小時(shí)電視，對(duì)嗎祟绊？
Anyway, the idea is we'll save bits of time here and there, add it up, we will finally get to everything we want to do. But after studying how successful people spend their time and looking at their schedules hour by hour, I think this idea has it completely backward.We don't build the lives we want by saving time. We build the lives we want, and then time saves itself.
無(wú)論如何楼入，這個(gè)觀(guān)點(diǎn)就是哥捕，通過(guò)運(yùn)用好瑣碎的時(shí)間，累積起來(lái)嘉熊，我們最終能做所有我們想做的事情遥赚。但是在研究過(guò)成功人士的如何運(yùn)用他們的時(shí)間，以及詳細(xì)檢視他們的日程表阐肤，我認(rèn)為這個(gè)觀(guān)點(diǎn)完全是相反的鸽捻。我們不能通過(guò)節(jié)約時(shí)間過(guò)上我們想要的生活，我打造我們想要的生活泽腮，時(shí)間自然就被節(jié)約了御蒲。
Here's what I mean. I recently did a time diary project looking at 1,001 days in the lives of extremely busy women. They had demanding jobs, sometimes their own businesses, kids to care for, maybe parents to care for, community commitments — busy, busy people. I had them keep track of their time for a week so I could add up how much they worked and slept, and I interviewed them about their strategies, for my book.
我的意思是。我最近在做一個(gè)時(shí)間日志項(xiàng)目诊赊，觀(guān)察那些非常繁忙的女士的生活1001天厚满。她們有繁忙的工作，有時(shí)是她們自己的生意碧磅，照顧孩子碘箍，甚至父母，社區(qū)事務(wù)---非常繁忙的人士鲸郊。我持續(xù)了追蹤了一周的時(shí)間丰榴，這樣我就可以計(jì)算她們工作的睡眠的時(shí)間，為了我的書(shū)秆撮，我采訪(fǎng)了她們的時(shí)間管理策略四濒。
二.優(yōu)先的事=壞了的熱水器
One of the women whose time log I studied goes out on a Wednesday night for something. She comes home to find that her water heater has broken, and there is now water all over her basement. If you've ever had anything like this happen to you, you know it is a hugely damaging, frightening, sopping mess. So she's dealing with the immediate aftermath that night, next day she's got plumbers coming in, day after that, professional cleaning crew dealing with the ruined carpet. All this is being recorded on her time log. Winds up taking seven hours of her week. Seven hours. That's like finding an extra hour in the day.
我研究過(guò)時(shí)間日志的一位女士，她周三晚上因?yàn)橛惺峦獬隽酥氨妗Ｋ丶野l(fā)現(xiàn)熱水器壞了盗蟆，結(jié)果水淹沒(méi)了整個(gè)地下室。如果你也經(jīng)歷過(guò)同樣的事情舒裤，你會(huì)明白那是一個(gè)破壞大的喳资、令人沮喪的、潮濕的混亂腾供。所以她那天晚上就快速處理了后果仆邓，第二天水管工來(lái)了，第三天伴鳖，專(zhuān)業(yè)的清潔人員除了報(bào)廢的地毯节值。所有的事都記錄在她的時(shí)間日志里±璩蓿總計(jì)花了那周里7個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間察署。7個(gè)小時(shí)，那就像每天找到額外的1小時(shí)峻汉。
But I'm sure if you had asked her at the start of the week, "Could you find seven hours to train for a triathlon?" "Could you find seven hours to mentor seven worthy people?" I'm sure she would've said what most of us would've said, which is, "No — can't you see how busy I am?" Yet when she had to find seven hours because there is water all over her basement, she found seven hours. And what this shows us is that time is highly elastic. We cannot make more time, but time will stretch to accommodate what we choose to put into it.
但我確定如果在周一問(wèn)她贴汪，“你能擠出7個(gè)小時(shí)給鐵人三項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練嗎？””你能空出7個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間指導(dǎo)有價(jià)值的人嗎休吠？“我相信她的回答和大多數(shù)我們一樣扳埂，”不，難道你看不出我有多忙嗎瘤礁？”然而當(dāng)因?yàn)榈叵率胰撬舳仨殧D出7小時(shí)，她找出了7小時(shí)的時(shí)間柜思。這告訴我們時(shí)間是相當(dāng)有彈性的岩调。我們不能產(chǎn)生更多的時(shí)間，但是時(shí)間會(huì)隨著我們的選擇而伸展赡盘。
And so the key to time management is treating our priorities as the equivalent of that broken water heater. To get at this, I like to use language from one of the busiest people I ever interviewed. By busy, I mean she was running a small business with 12 people on the payroll, she had six children in her spare time. I was getting in touch with her to set up an interview on how she "had it all" — that phrase. I remember it was a Thursday morning, and she was not available to speak with me. Of course, right?
所以時(shí)間管理的關(guān)鍵是把我們優(yōu)先級(jí)高的事物當(dāng)做那個(gè)壞了的熱水器一樣号枕。為了理解這個(gè)，我想使用我曾采訪(fǎng)過(guò)的最忙的人的話(huà)來(lái)解釋陨享。說(shuō)她忙葱淳，是因?yàn)樗且粋€(gè)12人小企業(yè)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，她還要照顧6個(gè)孩子抛姑。我為了采訪(fǎng)她如何“掌控全部”赞厕，過(guò)去一直在和她聯(lián)系協(xié)調(diào)。---我記得那是個(gè)周四的早晨定硝，她當(dāng)然沒(méi)時(shí)間和我交談皿桑，對(duì)嗎？
But the reason she was unavailable to speak with me is that she was out for a hike, because it was a beautiful spring morning, and she wanted to go for a hike. So of course this makes me even more intrigued, and when I finally do catch up with her, she explains it like this. She says, "Listen Laura, everything I do, every minute I spend, is my choice." And rather than say, "I don't have time to do x, y or z," she'd say, "I don't do x, y or z because it's not a priority." "I don't have time," often means "It's not a priority." If you think about it, that's really more accurate language. I could tell you I don't have time to dust my blinds, but that's not true. If you offered to pay me $100,000 to dust my blinds, I would get to it pretty quickly.
她不能接受我采訪(fǎng)的原因是因?yàn)樗鋈ミh(yuǎn)足蔬啡。那是非常宜人的春晨唁毒，她想出去遠(yuǎn)足。所以這更使我好奇了星爪，當(dāng)我最終趕上她的時(shí)候浆西，她這樣解釋道。她說(shuō)：“聽(tīng)著顽腾，Laura近零，我做的所有事情，度過(guò)的每一分鐘抄肖，都是我自己的選擇久信。”與其說(shuō)“我沒(méi)有時(shí)間做某某某事漓摩，”她則說(shuō)：“我沒(méi)有做某某某事裙士，因?yàn)樗鼈儾皇钱?dāng)務(wù)之急」鼙校“”我沒(méi)有時(shí)間“通常意味著”那不是優(yōu)先之事腿椎∽懒颍”，如果你考慮過(guò)它啃炸，那確實(shí)是很精確的表達(dá)铆隘。我如果告訴你我沒(méi)有時(shí)間清理我的窗簾，但那不是真的南用。如果你給我100000美元去清理窗簾膀钠，我肯定立馬去做。
Since that is not going to happen, I can acknowledge this is not a matter of lacking time; it's that I don't want to do it. Using this language reminds us that time is a choice. And granted, there may be horrible consequences for making different choices, I will give you that. But we are smart people, and certainly over the long run, we have the power to fill our lives with the things that deserve to be there.
但那種事情是不會(huì)發(fā)生的裹虫，我承認(rèn)這不是時(shí)間問(wèn)題肿嘲，而是我不想做。使用這樣的語(yǔ)言可以提醒我們時(shí)間是一個(gè)選擇筑公。的確雳窟，做出不同的選擇可能糟糕的后果，我向你保證十酣。但我們是智人涩拙，生活是基于長(zhǎng)跑的，我們有能力用重要的事情填滿(mǎn)它耸采。
三.找出優(yōu)先的事的兩個(gè)策略
So how do we do that? How do we treat our priorities as the equivalent of that broken water heater?
那么我們?nèi)绾巫瞿匦四啵绾尾拍馨褍?yōu)先的事當(dāng)做那個(gè)壞了的熱水器呢？
1.做明年工作表現(xiàn)復(fù)盤(pán)
Well, first we need to figure out what they are. I want to give you two strategies for thinking about this. The first, on the professional side: I'm sure many people coming up to the end of the year are giving or getting annual performance reviews. You look back over your successes over the year, your "opportunities for growth." And this serves its purpose, but I find it's more effective to do this looking forward. So I want you to pretend it's the end of next year. You're giving yourself a performance review, and it has been an absolutely amazing year for you professionally. What three to five things did you do that made it so amazing? So you can write next year's performance review now.
首先虾宇，我們得弄清優(yōu)先的事是什么搓彻。我想給你兩個(gè)策略做參考。第一嘱朽，專(zhuān)業(yè)的方面：我相信許多人年末的都會(huì)做工作表現(xiàn)復(fù)盤(pán)旭贬。你回顧整年下來(lái)你的成功，成長(zhǎng)的機(jī)會(huì)搪泳。這發(fā)揮它的作用稀轨，但是更有效的方法是向前看。我想讓你假設(shè)到了年末岸军，你在給自己做一個(gè)年度復(fù)盤(pán)奋刽，對(duì)于你的專(zhuān)業(yè)來(lái)說(shuō)，那是很神奇的一年艰赞。是哪3到5件事讓它如此神奇呢佣谐？你現(xiàn)在就可以寫(xiě)下明年的工作復(fù)盤(pán)。
2.家庭節(jié)日回顧卡
And you can do this for your personal life, too. I'm sure many of you, like me, come December, get cards that contain these folded up sheets of colored paper, on which is written what is known as the family holiday letter.
對(duì)于私人生活你們也可以這樣做方妖。我相信許多人都像我這樣狭魂，12月了，拿出那些包含著彩色折紙的卡片，在上面下了家庭節(jié)日計(jì)劃卡雌澄。
Bit of a wretched genre of literature, really, going on about how amazing everyone in the household is, or even more scintillating, how busy everyone in the household is. But these letters serve a purpose, which is that they tell your friends and family what you did in your personal life that mattered to you over the year. So this year's kind of done, but I want you to pretend it's the end of next year, and it has been an absolutely amazing year for you and the people you care about. What three to five things did you do that made it so amazing? So you can write next year's family holiday letter now. Don't send it.
一種令人難過(guò)的文體斋泄，關(guān)于每個(gè)家庭成員是如何好，更有趣的掷伙，家庭成員是如何繁忙是己。但這些信的目的是又兵，告訴你的朋友和家人過(guò)去的一年對(duì)你最重要的事任柜。這是今年完成的事，但我想讓你假設(shè)這是明年的末尾沛厨，對(duì)于你和你關(guān)心的人是十分美好的一年宙地。哪3到5件事讓它如此美好。所以你現(xiàn)在就可以寫(xiě)下明年的家庭節(jié)日信逆皮。不要郵寄宅粥。
Please, don't send it. But you can write it. And now, between the performance review and the family holiday letter, we have a list of six to ten goals we can work on in the next year.
請(qǐng)不要郵寄，寫(xiě)下來(lái)就可以〉缫ィ現(xiàn)在秽梅，在工作表現(xiàn)復(fù)盤(pán)和家庭節(jié)日信之間，我們有了可以為之奮斗的6到10個(gè)目標(biāo)清單剿牺。
四.如何去做
And now we need to break these down into doable steps. So maybe you want to write a family history. First, you can read some other family histories, get a sense for the style. Then maybe think about the questions you want to ask your relatives, set up appointments to interview them. Or maybe you want to run a 5K. So you need to find a race and sign up, figure out a training plan, and dig those shoes out of the back of the closet. And then — this is key — we treat our priorities as the equivalent of that broken water heater, by putting them into our schedules first. We do this by thinking through our weeks before we are in them.
現(xiàn)在我們要把這些目標(biāo)分解成可行的步驟企垦。或許你想寫(xiě)出家族史晒来。首先你要閱讀其他家庭的家史钞诡，看看風(fēng)格。接著想出你想問(wèn)親人的問(wèn)題湃崩，確定采訪(fǎng)他們的日期荧降。或者你想跑5km比賽攒读，你需要找到一場(chǎng)比賽朵诫，并且注冊(cè)，制定訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃薄扁，從壁櫥里翻出跑鞋剪返。接著，關(guān)鍵部分泌辫，把我們優(yōu)先的事情當(dāng)做壞了的熱水器随夸，把它們放到日程表的第一位。這些事情都是在我們開(kāi)始幾周前就已經(jīng)計(jì)劃好了震放。
I find a really good time to do this is Friday afternoons. Friday afternoon is what an economist might call a "low opportunity cost" time. Most of us are not sitting there on Friday afternoons saying, "I am excited to make progress toward my personal and professional priorities right now."
我發(fā)現(xiàn)做這件事絕好的時(shí)間是周五下午宾毒，周五下午是一位經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家稱(chēng)為的“低機(jī)會(huì)成本”的時(shí)間。我們中的大多數(shù)都不會(huì)在周五的下午說(shuō)：“我很激動(dòng)現(xiàn)在正朝著個(gè)人和專(zhuān)業(yè)優(yōu)先的事進(jìn)步殿遂≌╊酰”
But we are willing to think about what those should be. So take a little bit of time Friday afternoon, make yourself a three-category priority list: career, relationships, self. Making a three-category list reminds us that there should be something in all three categories. Career, we think about; relationships, self — not so much. But anyway, just a short list, two to three items in each. Then look out over the whole of the next week, and see where you can plan them in.
但我們樂(lè)意去考慮這些事情是應(yīng)該是怎樣的乙各。所以花上周五下午的一點(diǎn)時(shí)間，給自己做一個(gè)三類(lèi)的優(yōu)先清單：職業(yè)幢竹，關(guān)系耳峦，自我。讓那三類(lèi)的清單提醒我們?nèi)?lèi)里都有有事情去做焕毫。職業(yè)成長(zhǎng)蹲坷，和諧關(guān)系，個(gè)人成長(zhǎng)邑飒，不太多循签，但無(wú)論如何，短短的清單疙咸，每類(lèi)2到3件事县匠。接著看看第二周，那些時(shí)間可以將這些事計(jì)劃進(jìn)去撒轮。
Where you plan them in is up to you. I know this is going to be more complicated for some people than others. I mean, some people's lives are just harder than others. It is not going to be easy to find time to take that poetry class if you are caring for multiple children on your own. I get that. And I don't want to minimize anyone's struggle. But I do think that the numbers I am about to tell you are empowering.
如何運(yùn)用你的時(shí)間在于你乞旦。我知道這件事某些人會(huì)比另一些人更復(fù)雜。我是說(shuō)题山，一些人的生活比其他人更困難兰粉。如果你要自己照看幾個(gè)孩子的話(huà)，找到時(shí)間去執(zhí)行那幾類(lèi)優(yōu)先的事情是不容易的臀蛛。我知道那是什么感受亲桦。我不想最小化任何人的掙扎。但我認(rèn)為數(shù)字上是可能的浊仆。
五.我們真的有時(shí)間
There are 168 hours in a week. Twenty-four times seven is 168 hours. That is a lot of time. If you are working a full-time job, so 40 hours a week, sleeping eight hours a night, so 56 hours a week — that leaves 72 hours for other things. That is a lot of time. You say you're working 50 hours a week, maybe a main job and a side hustle. Well, that leaves 62 hours for other things. You say you're working 60 hours. Well, that leaves 52 hours for other things. You say you're working more than 60 hours. Well, are you sure?
一周168個(gè)小時(shí)客峭，24乘以7是168小時(shí)。這是大把的時(shí)間抡柿。如果你做全職工作的話(huà)舔琅，40小時(shí)每周，每晚8小時(shí)睡眠時(shí)間洲劣，56小時(shí)每周---72小時(shí)可以做其他事情备蚓。你說(shuō)你每周工作50小時(shí)，或許主業(yè)和副業(yè)囱稽。62小時(shí)給其他事情郊尝。工作60小時(shí)每周，52小時(shí)給其他事情战惊。你每周工作超過(guò)60小時(shí)流昏。你說(shuō)真的嗎？
There was once a study comparing people's estimated work weeks with time diaries. They found that people claiming 75-plus-hour work weeks were off by about 25 hours.
有一個(gè)研究時(shí)間日志比較了人們估計(jì)的工作時(shí)間。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)人們宣稱(chēng)75小時(shí)+的工作周實(shí)際上大約25小時(shí)是空閑的况凉。
You can guess in which direction, right? Anyway, in 168 hours a week, I think we can find time for what matters to you. If you want to spend more time with your kids, you want to study more for a test you're taking, you want to exercise for three hours and volunteer for two, you can. And that's even if you're working way more than full-time hours.
你可以想想哪個(gè)方向谚鄙，對(duì)嗎？無(wú)論如何刁绒，一周168小時(shí)闷营，我認(rèn)為我們可以給對(duì)我們重要的事情留出時(shí)間。如果你想有更多的親子時(shí)間知市，你想為考試多學(xué)一點(diǎn)傻盟，你想鍛煉3小時(shí)，做志愿者2小時(shí)初狰。甚至你想工作更久莫杈。
So we have plenty of time, which is great, because guess what? We don't even need that much time to do amazing things. But when most of us have bits of time, what do we do? Pull out the phone, right? Start deleting emails. Otherwise, we're puttering around the house or watching TV.
所以我們有大量的時(shí)間互例，非常好奢入，猜猜是什么？我們不需要那樣多的事情去做美好的事情媳叨。但當(dāng)我們有瑣碎的時(shí)間腥光，我們做什么？拿出手機(jī)糊秆，開(kāi)始刪郵件武福，或者在房子周?chē)e逛，或看電視痘番。
But small moments can have great power. You can use your bits of time for bits of joy. Maybe it's choosing to read something wonderful on the bus on the way to work. I know when I had a job that required two bus rides and a subway ride every morning, I used to go to the library on weekends to get stuff to read. It made the whole experience almost, almost, enjoyable. Breaks at work can be used for meditating or praying. If family dinner is out because of your crazy work schedule, maybe family breakfast could be a good substitute.
但瑣碎的時(shí)間也有很大的力量捉片。你可以用瑣碎的時(shí)間娛樂(lè)」眨可以選擇在去工作的公交上讀書(shū)伍纫。過(guò)去，當(dāng)知道我的工作要在公交和地鐵上兩個(gè)小時(shí)昂芜，我常常周末去圖書(shū)館找閱讀材料莹规。那使的整個(gè)體驗(yàn)相當(dāng)愉快。工作的休息可以用來(lái)冥想和祈禱泌神。如果家庭晚餐因?yàn)槟惴泵Φ娜粘倘∠肆际羌彝ピ绮褪莻€(gè)非常好的替代。
It's about looking at the whole of one's time and seeing where the good stuff can go. I truly believe this. There is time. Even if we are busy, we have time for what matters. And when we focus on what matters, we can build the lives we want in the time we've got.
看看一個(gè)人所有的時(shí)間欢际，哪里有好的材料母市。我真得相信我們是有時(shí)間的，即使很忙损趋。對(duì)于重要的事情我們有時(shí)間患久。當(dāng)我們專(zhuān)注于對(duì)我們重要的事情，我們可以用擁有的時(shí)間過(guò)上我們想要的生活。
背景知識(shí)：
關(guān)于family holiday letter墙杯，谷歌了這個(gè)詞組配并，但是幾乎都是關(guān)于如何寫(xiě)一封family holiday letter的教程，于是又去谷歌圖片搜了搜這個(gè)詞組高镐，發(fā)現(xiàn)所謂的family holiday letter和演講者提到的工作復(fù)盤(pán)很像溉旋，只不過(guò)這個(gè)是關(guān)于個(gè)人生活的總結(jié)，回顧過(guò)去的一年都做了哪些事情嫉髓，完成情況如何观腊，將這樣的信寄給家人，他們對(duì)于親人的狀況能有一個(gè)更好的了解算行。
越來(lái)越覺(jué)得生活里最重要的事情就是選擇梧油，如何利用好時(shí)間，都是我們的選擇州邢，生活中的學(xué)習(xí)儡陨、經(jīng)歷都是為了幫助我們做出更好地選擇。為了更好地做出選擇量淌，需要不斷地去學(xué)習(xí)骗村，提高自我判斷能力，能夠承擔(dān)或者去享受選擇帶來(lái)的后果呀枢。
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