Chaptrer 7 ?下

● WHAT’S YOU RDISCOUNT RATE?你的折扣率是多少抽减？

● WILLPOWER EXPERIMENT:LOWER YOU RDISCOUNT RATE? 意志力實(shí)驗(yàn)： 降低你的折扣率

● NO WEBSITE IS WORTH ADREAM 夢想比任何網(wǎng)站都值錢

● NO WAY OUT:THE VALUE OF PRECOMMITMENT 沒有出路： 預(yù) 先承諾的價(jià)值

● WILLPOWER EXPERIMENT:PRECOMMIT YOUR FUTURE SELF 意志力實(shí)驗(yàn)： 對(duì)未來的自己做預(yù)先承諾

● MONEY MANAGEMENT FOR TEMPTED SELVES 為受到誘惑的自己理財(cái)

● MEET YOUR FUTURE SELF遇見未來的自己

● UNDER THEMICROSCOPE:ARE YOU WAITING FOR FUTURE YOU?深入刨析： 你在等未來的自己嗎祥得？

● A DENTAL PHOBIC STOPS WAITING FOR A FUTURE DENTIST-LOVING SELF TO SHOW UP 怕看牙醫(yī)的人不再等待未來愛看牙醫(yī)的自己出現(xiàn)

● WHY THE FUTURE FEELS DIFFERENT 為什么未來看起來不一樣兔沃？

● AFUND-RAISER USES FUTURE-SELF OPTIMISM FOR GOOD 資金籌集人巧妙利用未來自己的樂觀精神

● WHEN YOUR FUTURE SELF IS A STRANGER 未來的自己成了陌生人

● WILL POWER EXPERIMENT:MEET YOUR FUTURE SELF 意志力實(shí)驗(yàn)： 遇見未來的自己

?? words and phrases

（1）measure

n. 測量；措施级及；程度乒疏；尺寸

vt. 測量；估量饮焦；權(quán)衡

vi. 測量怕吴；估量

過去式 measured過去分詞 measured現(xiàn)在分詞 measuring

measure sth by sth 通過...來衡量

measure sb/sth against sb/sth? 將…與…作比較

原句：This individual difference-whether measured in childhood or later years—plays a major role in how our lives turn out. ?個(gè)體差異會(huì)在今后的生活中扮演重要多的角色，無論這種差異是在童年時(shí)期還是在以后測量出來的县踢。

仿寫：It's unreasonable that education is measured purely by examination results.

（2）immutable [?'mju?t?b(?)l]

adj. 不變的转绷；不可變的；不能變的

同義詞：constant 硼啤，permanent议经，steady

immutably ?adv

immutability n

原句：Fortunately , a person’s discount rate is not an immutable law of physics.

仿寫：Once you begin to train your brain ,you will find? the fact that the brain isn't ?immutable.

（3）lower ['l???]

vt. 減弱，減少；放下煞肾，降下咧织；貶低 （reduce 減少;move down 降下）

vi. 降低；減弱籍救；跌落?

adj. 下游的习绢；下級(jí)的；下等的

lower oneself ?失身份钧忽；自甘墮落

原句：It can be lowered just by changing how you think about your choices.

仿寫：You shouldn't? lower oneself no matter what you are facing

(4 )? access? ['?kses]

vt. 使用毯炮；存取耸黑；接近

n. 進(jìn)入桃煎；使用權(quán)；通路

過去式 accessed大刊，過去分詞 accessed为迈，現(xiàn)在分詞 accessing

access control ?訪問控制

have access to 使用；接近缺菌；可以利用

internet access 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)接入

原句：Why do we treat our future selves like different people? Part of the problem lies in our inability to access our future selves' thoughts and feelings.

仿句：We can have access to this data for solving the problem.

( 5 ) identical [a?'dent?k(?)l]

adj. 同一的葫辐；完全相同的

n. 完全相同的事物

identical with ?與…相同

原句：When reflecting on the future self, the brain’s activation is identical to when it is considering the traits of another person.

仿寫：My opinion is identical with his in this matter.

??Sentence

① ? ??I’d like to introduce you to two people I think you’ll really get along with. This first is You. You is prone to procrastination, has trouble controlling impulses, and doesn’t really like to exercise, finish up paperwork, or do the laundry. The second is, urn, also named You. For convenience, let’s call this person You 2.0. You 2.0 has no trouble with procrastination because You 2. o has boundless energy for all tasks, no matter how boring or difficult.Future you always has more time, more energy, and more willpower than present you.

我想介紹兩個(gè)人給你認(rèn)識(shí)。我想伴郁，你一定會(huì)和他們相處愉快耿战。第一個(gè)人叫“你”『父担“你”容易拖延剂陡，沒辦法控制沖動(dòng)，不怎么喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)狐胎、完成文書工作或洗衣服鸭栖。第二個(gè)人也叫“你”。為了方便區(qū)分握巢，我們稱之為“你2.0”晕鹊。未來的你總是比現(xiàn)在的你有更多的時(shí)間、更多的能量和更強(qiáng)的意志力暴浦。

When choosing for their present selves, they took the immediate reward. But they expected their future selves-and other students—to delay gratification.

Thinking so highly of our future selves would be fine if we could really count on our future selves to behave so nobly. But more typically, when we get to the future, our ideal future self is nowhere to be found, and our same old self is left making the decisions. Even as we’re in the middle of a self-control conflict, we foolishly expect that our future selves will be uncon-flicted. The future self keeps being pushed into the future, like a deus ex machina that will emerge to save us from our present selves in the very last act.

② ? ?在為現(xiàn)在的自己做選擇時(shí)溅话，他們選擇的是即時(shí)的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。但他們希望未來的自己（和接下來的被試者）延遲獲得滿足感歌焦。

如果我們真的指望未來的自己能這么崇高公荧，我們確實(shí)可以相信，未來的自己能做好所有的事同规。但更典型的情況是循狰，當(dāng)我們到了未來窟社，理想中“未來的自己”卻不見了，最后作決定的還是毫無改變的曾經(jīng)的自己绪钥。即便我們現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)失去了自控力灿里，我們?nèi)匀挥薮赖叵Ｍ磥淼淖约翰粫?huì)面臨沖突〕谈梗“未來的自己”會(huì)被你一直推向未來匣吊，就像“天降救星”（deus ex machina）一樣，在最后的時(shí)刻出現(xiàn)寸潦，拯救那時(shí)的自己色鸳。

③ ? ? Is there an important change or task you're putting off, hoping that a future you with more willpower will show up? Do you optimistically overcommit yourself to responsibilities, only to find yourself overwhelmed by impossible demands? Do you talk yourself out of something today, telling yourself that you’ll feel more like it tomorrow??

你是否在推遲重要的變化或任務(wù)，等待自控力更強(qiáng)的未來的自己出現(xiàn)见转？你是不是樂觀地讓自己承擔(dān)過多的責(zé)任命雀，最后卻被不可能的任務(wù)打倒了？你今天有沒有不去做什么事斩箫，因?yàn)槊魈炷銜?huì)更想去做那件事吏砂？

④ ? ?Why do we treat our future selves like different people? Part of the problem lies in our inability to access our future selves' thoughts and feelings. When we think of our future selves, our future needs and emotions don't feel as real and pressing as our present desires. The thoughts and feelings that shape our present selves’ decisions aren't triggered until we feel the immediacy of an opportunity.

為什么我們會(huì)把未來的自己視為另一個(gè)人呢？原因在于乘客，我們不知道未來自己的想法和感受狐血。當(dāng)我們想到未來的自己時(shí)，我們的欲望不會(huì)像現(xiàn)在一樣緊迫易核，情緒不會(huì)像現(xiàn)在一樣真切匈织。直到我們真的需要選擇的時(shí)候，我們才會(huì)知道牡直。

⑤ ? ?When reflecting on the future self, the brain’s activation is identical to when it is considering the traits of another person.The brain’s habit of treating the future self like another person has major consequences for self-control. Studies show that the less active your brain’s self-reflection system is when you contemplate your future self, the more likely you are to say “screw you” to future you, and “yes” to immediate gratification.

當(dāng)我們考慮未來的自己時(shí)报亩，大腦的活動(dòng)和我們考慮別人的特征時(shí)如出一轍。大腦會(huì)把未來的自己當(dāng)成別人井氢，這種習(xí)慣對(duì)自控力影響極大。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)岳链，當(dāng)你想到未來的自己時(shí)花竞，大腦中越是想不到自己，你就越可能對(duì)未來的自己說“去你的”掸哑，也就越可能對(duì)即時(shí)的滿足感說“好”约急。

⑥ ? A measure of“future-self continuity”：the degree to which you see your future self as essentially the same person as your current self. Not everyone views the future self as a total stranger: some of us feel quite close and connected to our future selves. Figure 1 illustrates the wide range of relationships people have to their future selves.

“未來自我的連續(xù)性”測量方法：你在多大的程度上認(rèn)為，未來的自己在本質(zhì)上和現(xiàn)在的自己是一樣的苗分。不是所有人都會(huì)把未來的自己看成徹底的陌生人厌蔽，有些人會(huì)覺得和未來的自己很親近，聯(lián)系很緊密摔癣。

⑦ ? Getting to know their future selves made the students more willing to invest in them—and, by extension, themselves.You can help yourself make wiser choices by sending yourself to the future.

認(rèn)識(shí)未來的自己奴饮，讓學(xué)生們更愿意為未來的自己投資纬向，也就是為他們自己投資。你可以把自己送到未來戴卜，幫助自己作出更明智的選擇逾条。

1. Create a Future Memory. Neuroscientists at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf in Germany have shown that imagining the future helps people delay gratification.When you picture the future, the brain begins to think more concretely and immediately about the consequences of your present choices. The more real and vivid the future feels, the more likely you are to make a decision that your future self won’t regret.

1.創(chuàng)造一個(gè)未來的記憶。德國漢堡-埃普多夫中心醫(yī)科大學(xué)的神經(jīng)科學(xué)家研究發(fā)現(xiàn)投剥，想象未來可以讓人延遲滿足感师脂。當(dāng)你想象未來的圖景時(shí)，大腦就會(huì)更具體江锨、更直接地思考你現(xiàn)在選擇的結(jié)果吃警。你想象的未來圖景越真實(shí)、越生動(dòng)啄育，你做的決定就越不會(huì)讓你在未來后悔酌心。

2. Send a Message to Your Future Self.Describe to your future self what you are going to do now to help yourself meet your long-term goals.

2.給未來的自己發(fā)條信息。向未來的自己描述一下自己現(xiàn)在將要做什么灸撰，有助于你實(shí)現(xiàn)長期目標(biāo)谒府。

3. Imagine Your Future Self.Studies show that imagining your future self can increase your present self 's willpower.

3.想象一下未來的自己。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)浮毯，想象未來的自己能增強(qiáng)你現(xiàn)在的意志力完疫。

——? 啟? 發(fā) ?——

讀完今天的文章，兩句話浮現(xiàn)出來：

第一句話說：我們往往高估了十年后能做的事债蓝，卻低估了一年內(nèi)能做的事情壳鹤。

第二句話說：我們往往高估了我們一年以內(nèi)能做的事，卻低估了十年后能夠做得到的事饰迹。

這兩句話芳誓，都是網(wǎng)絡(luò)里面曾經(jīng)比較火的話語，孰是孰非啊鸭，不同的場景锹淌，兩句話各顯深意，就像一個(gè)單詞或者短語不能脫離場景和語境來理解一樣赠制。再多拿來的道理都不如問自己：我想要的道理是什么樣的赂摆？所以，要和過去的自己钟些、現(xiàn)在的自己烟号、未來的自己深刻對(duì)話。

寄希望于未來而忽視當(dāng)下確實(shí)是我們很多時(shí)候常用的短效的麻醉劑政恍，一定程度上有點(diǎn)像飲鴆止渴汪拥。我始終相信，“如何過今天篙耗，如何過一生”迫筑，這不是累積原理宪赶，應(yīng)該是個(gè)人人生價(jià)值觀，一個(gè)人的價(jià)值觀會(huì)隨著學(xué)習(xí)不斷改變铣焊，但是巨大的改變常常來自于巨大的事情發(fā)生逊朽。就像昨天晚上看到海德格爾說的一句話："向死而生。只有死亡的鼻尖才能讓我們感受到生的緊迫曲伊。一旦死亡的陰影稍稍放下他的爪子叽讳，我們立刻恢復(fù)自己的敗家子本性。驕縱坟募，懶惰岛蚤，懦弱，縮在自我的臨時(shí)棚戶里得過且過懈糯，偶爾避想窗外遠(yuǎn)處的地平線上涤妒，有一個(gè)自我在勇敢奔跑，腳下的道路充滿危險(xiǎn)并因危險(xiǎn)而瑰麗....",我們?nèi)绾巫鲎晕疑罟芾碜可芾硭希繒r(shí)間管理？一定程度上取決于我們的心智和生命價(jià)值觀屿储，這會(huì)決定我們今天如何度過贿讹，如何看待未來的自己。 李笑來《把時(shí)間當(dāng)朋友》一書曾給過我特別大的啟發(fā)够掠，讓我對(duì)時(shí)間管理有了全新的認(rèn)知民褂，那就是時(shí)間管理與心智的關(guān)系。對(duì)于人性本懶的我們疯潭，要想純粹通過硬邦邦的時(shí)間管理工具和理論赊堪，很難真正做好時(shí)間管理；關(guān)于自控力同樣如此竖哩，很難通過硬性的規(guī)則和工具哭廉、方法實(shí)現(xiàn)長久的改變塘安，要想實(shí)現(xiàn)長久的改變桐愉，必須讓心智不斷的成長怎虫。這種心智的成長決定了我們?nèi)绾慰催^去邑商、現(xiàn)在和未來；以及如何看自己和他人愉适，自然和宇宙。

一個(gè)人，如果對(duì)身體這臺(tái)精密儀器都不了解埠通，沒有認(rèn)知，你不知道它怎么運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)逛犹，那怎么可能堅(jiān)持下來保持鍛煉端辱？怎么能夠和未來的自己產(chǎn)生親近的聯(lián)系呢梁剔？

一個(gè)人，如果對(duì)各種生活模式和版本大腦沒有概念舞蔽，沒有藍(lán)圖荣病，那又怎么可能設(shè)計(jì)出未來的生活場景呢，又如何來做當(dāng)前和未來的生活規(guī)劃呢渗柿？

“你”和“你2.0”無限接近的版本个盆，一定程度上取決于我們的心智。而心智的成長成熟依靠于我們每日的不斷精進(jìn)和不斷的學(xué)習(xí)提升朵栖。感謝今日文章引發(fā)我的思考颊亮，這便也是我自己對(duì)自己的鼓勵(lì)和鞭策，不去做白日夢患者陨溅，設(shè)想未來的高大上终惑；而是過好每日精進(jìn)的今天，去創(chuàng)造未來自己的版本门扇！不能只是做知識(shí)的輸入者雹有，同時(shí)也要做輸出者，只有輸入和輸出同時(shí)做臼寄，思維才能像活水一樣流動(dòng)起來霸奕。所以，無論思考是什么脯厨，記錄下來...

??Summary

There are two of you, the first is called “You”铅祸，the second is called "You 2.0".We often confuse the current self by Imagining the beautiful future self.But we konw the fact that when we get to the future, our ideal future self is nowhere to be found, and our same old self is left making the decisions. we need to better understand and support our future selves,at the same time,we should strive to promote the mental level of self now.

We can through some ways to increase our present self 's willpower,such as creating a future memory,sending a message to our future self or Imagining our future self.

Maybe i can try to send myself to the future constantly.