書(shū)接上文 微服務(wù)從零開(kāi)始之登錄與注冊(cè)一, 表現(xiàn)層及前端代碼搞定, 現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)和實(shí)現(xiàn)后端的 Java Web Service 代碼

按照慣例, 基于 Spring boot 用 maven 來(lái)構(gòu)造項(xiàng)目, pom.xml 如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.github.walterfan</groupId>
    <artifactId>checklist</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>demo</name>
    <description>Checklist </description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.1.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
    <!--    <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
        </dependency>-->

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.freemarker</groupId>
            <artifactId>freemarker</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.19</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.4.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
            <version>3.5</version>
        </dependency>


        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-beanutils</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-beanutils</artifactId>
            <version>1.9.3</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-rest</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
            <artifactId>h2</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.inject</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.inject</artifactId>
            <version>1</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.testng</groupId>
            <artifactId>testng</artifactId>
            <version>6.9.10</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>


        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.41</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>


</project>

入口程序基于 SpringBoot , 就幾行代碼, 看起來(lái)非常簡(jiǎn)單, 其實(shí)隱藏了許多細(xì)節(jié)

package com.github.walterfan.checklist;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class WebApplication  {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(WebApplication.class, args);
    }
}

Spring Boot 一改Java Web 項(xiàng)目之前瑣碎的配置和大量不必要的配置和膠水代碼, 代之以非常簡(jiǎn)潔的實(shí)現(xiàn)方式, 極大地解放了 Java 程序員的生產(chǎn)力.

當(dāng)然, 在自動(dòng)配置, 封裝復(fù)雜性的同時(shí), 也增加了錯(cuò)誤排查的難度, 你必須了解它背后隱藏的許多細(xì)節(jié), 知其然并知其所以然, 自動(dòng)化按約定配置搭建, 你得知道約定是什么.

詳情參見(jiàn) Spring Boot 的文檔, spring boot 的 spring-boot-starter 其實(shí)背后還是粘合了眾多 Spring 的成熟子項(xiàng)目 spring-core, spring-tx, spring-context, spring-aop, spring-web, spring-data 等等

其中有一個(gè) spring-boot-starter-actuator 很有意思, 對(duì)監(jiān)控和診斷 web service 很有幫助

還有比如以上我們引入了 spring-boot-starter-data-rest , 其實(shí)它又包含了如下依賴(lài)

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-data-rest-webmvc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

參考它的 pom.xml

示例代碼參見(jiàn) https://github.com/walterfan/msa/tree/master/examples/checklist

調(diào)用Restful API 將注冊(cè)請(qǐng)求寫(xiě)入數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)竿滨，并發(fā)送一封確認(rèn)的郵件到用戶(hù)注冊(cè)的郵箱

以下五個(gè)類(lèi)實(shí)現(xiàn)注冊(cè)基本的基本功能

class ChecklistController

應(yīng)用入口很簡(jiǎn)單, 將請(qǐng)求分派到相應(yīng)的 web 頁(yè)面

package com.github.walterfan.checklist.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

/**
 * Created by walterfan on 30/1/2016.
 */
@Controller
public class ChecklistController {

    @RequestMapping(value = "/", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public ModelAndView home() {
        return new ModelAndView("index");
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/admin", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public ModelAndView adminForm() {
        return new ModelAndView("admin");
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/login", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public ModelAndView loginForm() {
        return new ModelAndView("login");
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/about", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public ModelAndView about() {
        return new ModelAndView("about");
    }
}

REST API 的處理也很簡(jiǎn)單, 存儲(chǔ)注冊(cè)請(qǐng)求并發(fā)送一封確認(rèn)激活的郵件給注冊(cè)者

class Registration

應(yīng)用了 Hibernate validator 的一些注解作為輸入校驗(yàn)

package com.github.walterfan.checklist.dto;

import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.Email;
import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.NotBlank;

import javax.validation.constraints.Size;

public class Registration {
    @NotBlank
    private String username;
    @Size(min = 6, max = 32)
    private String password;
    @Size(min = 6, max = 32)
    private String passwordConfirmation;
    @Email
    private String email;

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public String getPasswordConfirmation() {
        return passwordConfirmation;
    }

    public void setPasswordConfirmation(String passwordConfirmation) {
        this.passwordConfirmation = passwordConfirmation;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }


}

Class UserController

package com.github.walterfan.checklist.controller;

import com.github.walterfan.checklist.domain.User;
import com.github.walterfan.checklist.dto.Activation;
import com.github.walterfan.checklist.dto.Registration;
import com.github.walterfan.checklist.service.UserService;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.validation.Valid;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created by walterfan on 4/2/2017.
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/checklist/api/v1/users")
public class UserController {
    private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(UserController.class);

    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;

    @RequestMapping(value = "register", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public ModelAndView register(@Valid @RequestBody Registration registration) {
        logger.info("register: " + registration.toString());
        userService.register(registration);

        return new ModelAndView("index");
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "activate", method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public ModelAndView activate(@Valid @RequestBody Activation activation) {
        logger.info("activate: " + activation.toString());
        userService.activate(activation);

        return new ModelAndView("index");
    }


    @AuthorizationRole({ "admin" })
    @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public List<User> getUsers() {
        logger.info("-----getUsers------");
        List<User> list = userService.getUsers();
        list.stream().forEach(x ->  logger.info(x.toString()));
        return list;
    }
}

使用 JPA 框架和相關(guān)注解, 代碼寥寥數(shù)行就搞定了DAO 層

class User

package com.github.walterfan.checklist.domain;

import org.hibernate.annotations.GenericGenerator;

import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created by walterfan on 7/2/2016.
 */
@Entity
@Table(name = "user")
public class User extends BaseObject {
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(generator="system-uuid")
    @GenericGenerator(name="system-uuid", strategy = "uuid2")
    private String id;


    private String username;

    private String password;

    private String email;


    private String phoneNumber;


    private UserStatus status;


    private Date createTime;


    private Date lastModifiedTime;

    @OneToMany(cascade= CascadeType.ALL)
    private List<Token> tokens;


    public User() {
        this.status = UserStatus.pending;
        this.createTime = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis());
        this.lastModifiedTime = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis());
    }

    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public String getPassword() {
        return password;
    }

    public void setPassword(String password) {
        this.password = password;
    }

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }

    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }

    public String getPhoneNumber() {
        return phoneNumber;
    }

    public void setPhoneNumber(String phoneNumber) {
        this.phoneNumber = phoneNumber;
    }

    public UserStatus getStatus() {
        return status;
    }

    public void setStatus(UserStatus status) {
        this.status = status;
    }

    public List<Token> getTokens() {
        return tokens;
    }

    public void setTokens(List<Token> tokens) {
        this.tokens = tokens;
    }

    public Date getCreateTime() {
        return createTime;
    }

    public void setCreateTime(Date createTime) {
        this.createTime = createTime;
    }

    public Date getLastModifiedTime() {
        return lastModifiedTime;
    }

    public void setLastModifiedTime(Date lastModifiedTime) {
        this.lastModifiedTime = lastModifiedTime;
    }
}

class UserRepository

package com.github.walterfan.checklist.dao;

import com.github.walterfan.checklist.domain.User;
import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;
import org.springframework.data.rest.core.annotation.RepositoryRestResource;

import java.util.Optional;

/**
 * Created by walterfan on 7/2/2016.
 */
@RepositoryRestResource
public interface UserRepository extends CrudRepository<User, Long> {

    Optional<User> findByEmail(String email);
}

基本功能已經(jīng)有了, 僅僅是把注冊(cè)服務(wù)寫(xiě)入了數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù), 接下來(lái)要發(fā)送確認(rèn)郵件, 完成注冊(cè), 及微服務(wù)的登錄以及會(huì)話 Session 如何進(jìn)行管理, 請(qǐng)參見(jiàn)微服務(wù)從零開(kāi)始之登錄與注冊(cè)三