3.Clutter? ? ?4.Style
Expressions
Writing improves in direct ratio to the number of things we can keep out of it that shouldn't be there.
in direct ratio?按正比例
例如 :When we share our happiness with others, we have increased our happiness in direct ratio.
我們在分給他人幸福的同時夭织，也能正比例地增加自己的幸福。
"I"can be a self-indulgence and a cop-out.
cop-out? 逃避的方法；（不做某事的）借口
例如 :The New York times "called it a " cheap cop-out.
紐約時報稱這個結(jié)局是“卑鄙的推卸責任”
This is the problem of writers who set out deliberately to garnish their prose.
garnish? 常用來指裝飾菜入录；配菜咐蚯，這里是文章的修飾苛让，華麗的詞藻修飾
近義詞 decorate, adorn, embellish, enhance, ornament, set off, trim
Thoughts
Clutter is the laborious phrase that has pushed out the short word that means the same thing.
Clutter is the ponderous euphemism that turns a slum into a depressed socioeconomic area,
Clutter is the officiai language used by corporations to hide their mistakes.
Clutter is the language of the Pentagon calling an invasion a "reinforced protective reaction strike" and justifying its vast budgets on the need for "counterforce deterrence.
作者在上一節(jié)講Simplicity狱杰，這章就開始講Clutter仿畸。舉了很多Clutter的例子。
記得以前不管是語文英語應(yīng)試考試寫作文簿晓，作文要求一定字數(shù)抢蚀，老師就教了很多套路應(yīng)試镰禾，比如英語用更多“高大上”的長單詞來湊字數(shù)。這種做法不能說毫無用處屋休，但是寫作的最終目的在于以簡潔的方式表達明確备韧，而不是用復(fù)雜冗長的句子堆砌很多重復(fù)無用的詞語织堂。
How can we achieve such enviable freedom from clutter?怎么去掉無用的修飾，簡化句子呢附较？
1.Reexamine each sentence you put on paper.
培養(yǎng)自己的眼力拒课。從文章里找出無用的修飾事示，無情地刪掉。比如說：每一個重復(fù)無用的詞卢鹦，每一個可被簡化的詞冀自，每一個已由動詞表達其義的副詞，本來用主動句更清晰卻用的被動結(jié)構(gòu)……
2.用括號括上任何一個無用的成分，大多數(shù)初稿可以砍掉一半而不損失任何信息或作者的語氣荐糜。
Style is not something you could buy at the style store and drape onto your words in bright decorator colors. There is no style store.
The reader will notice if you are putting on airs. Readers want the person who is talking to them to sound genuine. Therefore a fundamental rule is: be yourself.
如何找到自己的寫作風格呢暴氏？
不要刻意的裝腔作勢答渔，讀者想要的是作者真心誠意的表達侥涵，讀者希望跟他們對話的人是真誠的芜飘。
因此一條基本的寫作規(guī)則是：做你自己。寫作過程中需要 relax 笼沥， have confidence娶牌。然而還是很難做到诗良，作者建議： to use "I" and "me" and "we" and "us."以第一人稱展開文章。
當然有些文體是不能用第一人稱的营勤。但是Even when "I" isn't permitted, it's still possible to convey asense of I-ness.? Good writers are visible just behind their words.
總的來說壹罚，還是需要多寫猖凛，多練辨泳！如果寫得少玖院，很難看到甚至談不到風格這回事第岖。寫作是需要雕刻的蔑滓，就如玉，需要不斷的雕琢修葺燎窘，才能見到玉的精致與光澤褐健。畢竟澜汤，寫作的過程應(yīng)該是漫長的俊抵，不斷的成熟和完善自我敘述風格的過程。
