由于各Linux開(kāi)發(fā)廠商的不同,因此不同開(kāi)發(fā)廠商的Linux版本操作細(xì)節(jié)也不一樣,今天就來(lái)說(shuō)一下CentOS下JDK的安裝:

方法一：手動(dòng)解壓JDK的壓縮包猖凛，然后設(shè)置環(huán)境變量

1.在/usr/目錄下創(chuàng)建java目錄
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir/usr/java[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/java
2.下載jdk,然后解壓
[root@localhost java]# curl -O http://download.Oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/7u79-b15/jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz [root@localhost java]# tar -zxvf jdk-7u79-linux-x64.tar.gz
3.設(shè)置環(huán)境變量
[root@localhost java]# vi /etc/profile
在profile中添加如下內(nèi)容:

set java environmentJAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79JRE_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79/jreCLASS_PATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/libPATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/binexport JAVA_HOME JRE_HOME CLASS_PATH PATH

讓修改生效:
[root@localhost java]# source /etc/profile
4.驗(yàn)證JDK有效性
[root@localhost java]# java -versionjava version "1.7.0_79"Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_79-b15)Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.79-b02, mixed mode)

方法二：用yum安裝JDK

1.查看yum庫(kù)中都有哪些jdk版本(暫時(shí)只發(fā)現(xiàn)了openjdk)
[root@localhost ~]# yum search java|grep jdkldapjdk-javadoc.x86_64 : Javadoc for ldapjdkjava-1.6.0-openjdk.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environmentjava-1.6.0-openjdk-demo.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demosjava-1.6.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environmentjava-1.6.0-openjdk-javadoc.x86_64 : OpenJDK API Documentationjava-1.6.0-openjdk-src.x86_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundlejava-1.7.0-openjdk.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environmentjava-1.7.0-openjdk-demo.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demosjava-1.7.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environmentjava-1.7.0-openjdk-javadoc.noarch : OpenJDK API Documentationjava-1.7.0-openjdk-src.x86_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundlejava-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environmentjava-1.8.0-openjdk-demo.x86_64 : OpenJDK Demosjava-1.8.0-openjdk-devel.x86_64 : OpenJDK Development Environmentjava-1.8.0-openjdk-headless.x86_64 : OpenJDK Runtime Environmentjava-1.8.0-openjdk-javadoc.noarch : OpenJDK API Documentationjava-1.8.0-openjdk-src.x86_64 : OpenJDK Source Bundleldapjdk.x86_64 : The Mozilla LDAP Java SDK
2.選擇版本,進(jìn)行安裝
//選擇1.7版本進(jìn)行安裝[root@localhost ~]# yum install java-1.7.0-openjdk//安裝完之后基茵，默認(rèn)的安裝目錄是在: /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.75.x86_64
3.設(shè)置環(huán)境變量
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/profile
在profile文件中添加如下內(nèi)容

set java environmentJAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-1.7.0.75.x86_64JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jreCLASS_PATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/libPATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/binexport JAVA_HOME JRE_HOME CLASS_PATH PATH

讓修改生效
[root@localhost java]# source /etc/profile
4.驗(yàn)證(同上一方法)

方法三：用rpm安裝JDK

1.下載rpm安裝文件
[root@localhost ~]$ curl -O http://download.oracle.com/otn-pub/java/jdk/7u79-b15/jdk-7u79-linux-x64.rpm
2.使用rpm命令安裝
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -ivh jdk-7u79-linux-x64.rpm
3.設(shè)置環(huán)境變量
[root@localhost java]# vi /etc/profile
在打開(kāi)的profile文件中添加如下內(nèi)容

set java environmentJAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79JRE_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79/jreCLASS_PATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/libPATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/binexport JAVA_HOME JRE_HOME CLASS_PATH PATH

讓修改生效
[root@localhost java]# source /etc/profile
4.驗(yàn)證(同上一方法)
注:和yum安裝類似，不用設(shè)置環(huán)境變量就可以運(yùn)行java命令。rpm安裝方式默認(rèn)會(huì)把jdk安裝到/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79，然后通過(guò)三層鏈接，鏈接到/usr/bin,具體鏈接如下：
[root@localhost ~]# cd /bin[root@localhost bin]# ll|grep javalrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 25 Mar 28 11:24 jar ->/usr/java/default/bin/jarlrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 26 Mar 28 11:24 java -> /usr/java/default/bin/javalrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 27 Mar 28 11:24 javac ->/usr/java/default/bin/javaclrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 29 Mar 28 11:24 javadoc ->/usr/java/default/bin/javadoclrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 28 Mar 28 11:24 javaws ->/usr/java/default/bin/javawslrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 30 Mar 28 11:24 jcontrol ->/usr/java/default/bin/jcontrol[root@localhost bin]# cd /usr/java/[root@localhost java]# lltotal 4lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 16 Mar 28 11:24 default-> /usr/java/latestdrwxr-xr-x. 8 root root 4096 Mar 28 11:24 jdk1.7.0_79lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 21 Mar 28 11:24 latest -> /usr/java/jdk1.7.0_79

方法四：Ubuntu 上使用apt-get安裝JDK

1.查看apt庫(kù)都有哪些jdk版本
root@linuxidc:~# apt-cache search java|grep jdkdefault-jdk - Standard Java or Java compatible Development Kitdefault-jdk-doc - Standard Java or Java compatible Development Kit (documentation)gcj-4.6-jdk - gcj and classpath development tools for Java(TM)gcj-jdk - gcj and classpath development tools for Java(TM)openjdk-6-dbg - Java runtime based on OpenJDK (debugging symbols)openjdk-6-demo - Java runtime based on OpenJDK (demos and examples)openjdk-6-doc - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) documentationopenjdk-6-jdk - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK)openjdk-6-jre-lib - OpenJDK Java runtime (architecture independent libraries)openjdk-6-source - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) source filesopenjdk-7-dbg - Java runtime based on OpenJDK (debugging symbols)openjdk-7-demo - Java runtime based on OpenJDK (demos and examples)openjdk-7-doc - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) documentationopenjdk-7-jdk - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK)openjdk-7-source - OpenJDK Development Kit (JDK) source filesuwsgi-plugin-jvm-openjdk-6 - Java plugin for uWSGI (OpenJDK 6)uwsgi-plugin-jwsgi-openjdk-6 - JWSGI plugin for uWSGI (OpenJDK 6)openjdk-6-jre - OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JITopenjdk-6-jre-headless - OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT (headless)openjdk-7-jre - OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JITopenjdk-7-jre-headless - OpenJDK Java runtime, using Hotspot JIT (headless)openjdk-7-jre-lib - OpenJDK Java runtime (architecture independent libraries)
2.選擇版本進(jìn)行安裝
root@linuxidc:~# apt-get install openjdk-7-jdk
3.設(shè)置環(huán)境變量
root@linuxidc:~# vi /etc/profile
在打開(kāi)的profile文件中添加如下內(nèi)容

set java environmentJAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.7.0-openjdk-amd64JRE_HOME=$JAVA_HOME/jreCLASS_PATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/libPATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JRE_HOME/binexport JAVA_HOME JRE_HOME CLASS_PATH PATH

讓修改生效
root@linuxidc:~# source /etc/profile