PHP實現(xiàn) RESTful 風格的 API

目錄詳情

restful/
    - Request.php 數(shù)據(jù)操作類
    - Response.php 輸出類
    - index.php 入口文件
    - .htaccess 重寫url

Request.php

• 包含一個Request類旦签，即數(shù)據(jù)操作類缺猛。

• 接收到URL的數(shù)據(jù)后儡司，根據(jù)請求URL的方式（GET|POST|PUT|PATCH|DELETE）對數(shù)據(jù)進行相應的增刪改查操作限匣，并返回操作后的結(jié)果

    <?php
    /**
    * Request類,
    * 接收到URL的數(shù)據(jù)后彤守，根據(jù)請求URL的方式（GET|POST|PUT|PATCH|DELETE）對數(shù)據(jù)進行相應的增刪改查操作徙融，并返回操作后的結(jié)果
    */
    class Request
    {
        // 允許的請求方式
        private static $method_type = array('get', 'post', 'put', 'patch', 'delete');
  
        // 測試數(shù)據(jù)
        private static $test_class = array(
            1 => array('name'=>'測試一班','count'=>18), 
            2 => array('name'=>'測試二班','count'=>15)
        );
  
        public static function getRequest()
        {
            // 請求方法
            $method = strtolower($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD']);
            if (in_array($method, self::$method_type)) {
                // 調(diào)用請求方法對應的方法
                $data_name = $method . "Data";
                return self::$data_name($_REQUEST);
            }
            return false;
        }
  
        // GET 獲取信息
        private static function getData($request_data)
        {
            $class_id = (int)$request_data['class'];
            if ($class_id > 0) {
                // GET /class/ID: 獲取某個指定班的信息
                return self::$test_class[$class_id];
            }else{ 
                // GET /class: 列出所有班級
                return self::$test_class;
            }
        }
  
        // POST /class 新建一個班級
        private static function postData($request_data)
        {
            $class_id = (int)$request_data['class'];
            if ($class_id == 0) {
                return false;
            }
            $data = array();
            if (!empty($request_data['name']) && isset($request_data['count'])) {
                $data['name'] = $request_data['name'];
                $data['count'] = $request_data['count'];
                self::$test_class[] = $data;
                return self::$test_class; 
            }else{
                return false;
            }
        }
  
        // PUT /class/ID 更新某個指定班級的信息(全部信息)
        private static function putData($request_data)
        {
            $class_id = (int)$request_data['class'];
            if ($class_id == 0) {
                return false;
            }
  
            $data = array();
            if (!empty($request_data['name']) && isset($request_data['count'])) {
                $data['name'] = $request_data['name'];
                $data['count'] = (int)$request_data['count'];
                self::$test_class[$class_id] = $data;
                return self::$test_class;
            }else{
                return false;
            }
        }
  
        // PATCH /class/ID 更新某個指定班級的信息 (部分信息)
        private static function pacthData($request_data)
        {
            $class_id = (int)$request_data['class'];
            if ($class_id == 0) {
                return false;
            }
            if (!empty($request_data['name'])) {
                self::$test_class[$class_id]['name'] = $request_data['name'];
            }
            if (isset($request_data['count'])) {
                self::$test_class[$class_id]['count'] = $request_data['count'];
            }
            return self::$test_class;
        }
  
        // DELETE /class/ID 刪除某個班
        private static function deleteData($request_data)
        {
            $class_id = (int)$request_data['class'];
            if ($class_id == 0) {
                return false;
            }
            unset(self::$test_class[$class_id]);
            return self::$test_class;
        }
    }
    ?>
  

Response.php

• 包含一個Response類洒缀，即輸出類。

• 根據(jù)接收到的Content-Type欺冀，將Request類返回的數(shù)組拼接成對應的格式树绩，加上header后輸出

    <?php
    /**
    * 包含一個Response類，即輸出類隐轩。根據(jù)接收到的Content-Type饺饭，將Request類返回的數(shù)組拼接成對應的格式，加上header后輸出
    */
    class Response
    {
        const HTTP_VERSION = "HTTP/1.1";
    
        public function sendResponse($data)
        {
            // 獲取數(shù)據(jù)
            if ($data) {
                $code = 200;
                $message = "OK";
            }else{
                $code = 404;
                $data = array('error' => "Not Found");
                $message = "Not Found";
            }
    
            header(self::HTTP_VERSION . " $code $message");
            $content_type = isset($_SERVER['CONTENT_TYPE']) ? $_SERVER['CONTENT_TYPE'] : $_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT'];
            if (strpos($content_type, 'application/json') !== false) {
                header("Content-Type: application/json");
                echo self::encodeJson($data);
            }elseif (strpos($content_type, 'application/xml') !== false) {
                header("Content-Type: application/xml");
                echo self::encodeXml($data);
            }else{
                header("Content-Type: text/html");
                echo self::encodeHtml($data);
            }
        }
    
        // json 格式
        private static function encodeJson($responseData)
        {
            return json_encode($responseData);
        }
    
        // xml 格式
        private static function encodeXml($responseData)
        {
            $xml = new SimpleXMLElement('<?xml version="1.0"?><rest></rest>');
            foreach ($responseData as $key => $value) {
                if (is_array($value)) {
                    foreach ($value as $k => $v) {
                        $xml->addChild($k,$v);
                    }
                }else{
                    $xml->addChild($key,$value);
                }
            }
            return $xml->asXML();
        }
    
        // html 格式
        private static function encodeHtml($responseData)
        {
            $html = "<table border='1'>";
            foreach ($responseData as $key => $value) {
                $html .= "<tr>";
                if (is_array($value)) {
                    foreach ($value as $k => $v) {
                        $html .= "<td>$k</td><td>$v</td>";
                    }
                }else{
                    $html .= "<td>$key</td><td>$value</td>";
                }
                $html .= "</tr>";
            }
            $html .="</table>";
            return $html;
        }
    }
    ?>
  

index.php

• 入口文件
• 調(diào)用 Request->getRequest 獲取數(shù)據(jù)
• 調(diào)用 Response->sendResponse 處理并返回數(shù)據(jù)

.htaccess

• 重寫URL职车，使URL以 /restful/class/1 形式訪問文件

    Options +FollowSymlinks
    RewriteEngine on
    
    # 重寫規(guī)則
    RewriteRule ^class$   index.php?class=all [nc,qsa]
    RewriteRule ^class/(\d+)$   index.php?class=$1 [nc,qsa]
  

測試方法

• 采用 postman 測試

GET

• 獲取 json 類型
  • image
• 獲取 xml
  • image
• 獲取 html
  • image