源碼地址：https://github.com/corgi-kx/blockchain_consensus_algorithm/tree/master/pow

工作量證明機(jī)制的核心在于不斷hash區(qū)塊自身座慰，將hash值與根據(jù)難度值計算出的一串大數(shù)對比嚷堡，如果自身hash小于大數(shù)則說明挖礦成功萄涯，否則變化自身隨機(jī)數(shù)重新計算。并且程序會隨著出塊間隔時間動態(tài)調(diào)節(jié)難度值（比如比特幣）

區(qū)塊結(jié)構(gòu)

type block struct {
    //上一個區(qū)塊的Hash
    Lasthash string
    //本區(qū)塊Hash
    Hash string
    //區(qū)塊存儲的數(shù)據(jù)（比如比特幣UTXO模型 則此處可用于存儲交易）
    Data string
    //時間戳
    Timestamp string
    //區(qū)塊高度
    Height int
    //難度值
    DiffNum uint
    //隨機(jī)數(shù)
    Nonce int64
}

挖礦函數(shù)：
使用math/big包，根據(jù)全局變量的難度值diffNum計算出用于實際比較的一串大數(shù)newBigint ，并同時將區(qū)塊hash轉(zhuǎn)換為大數(shù)hashInt 兩個大數(shù)進(jìn)行數(shù)值比較，如果hashInt小于newBigint 則代表挖礦成功

//區(qū)塊挖礦（通過自身遞增nonce值計算hash）
func mine(data string) block {
    if len(blockchain) < 1 {
        log.Panic("還未生成創(chuàng)世區(qū)塊狼忱！")
    }
    lastBlock := blockchain[len(blockchain)-1]
    //制造一個新的區(qū)塊
    newBlock := new(block)
    newBlock.Lasthash = lastBlock.Hash
    newBlock.Timestamp = time.Now().String()
    newBlock.Height = lastBlock.Height + 1
    newBlock.DiffNum = diffNum
    newBlock.Data = data
    var nonce int64 = 0
    //根據(jù)挖礦難度值計算的一個大數(shù)
    newBigint := big.NewInt(1)
    newBigint.Lsh(newBigint, 256-diffNum) //相當(dāng)于左移 1<<256-diffNum
    for {
        newBlock.Nonce = nonce
        newBlock.getHash()
        hashInt := big.Int{}
        hashBytes, _ := hex.DecodeString(newBlock.Hash)
        hashInt.SetBytes(hashBytes) //把本區(qū)塊hash值轉(zhuǎn)換為一串?dāng)?shù)字
        //如果hash小于挖礦難度值計算的一個大數(shù)，則代表挖礦成功
        if hashInt.Cmp(newBigint) == -1 {
            break
        } else {
            nonce++ //不滿足條件一睁，則不斷遞增隨機(jī)數(shù)钻弄，直到本區(qū)塊的散列值小于指定的大數(shù)
        }
    }
    return *newBlock
}

func main() {
    //制造一個創(chuàng)世區(qū)塊
    genesisBlock := new(block)
    genesisBlock.Timestamp = time.Now().String()
    genesisBlock.Data = "我是創(chuàng)世區(qū)塊！"
    genesisBlock.Lasthash = "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"
    genesisBlock.Height = 1
    genesisBlock.Nonce = 0
    genesisBlock.DiffNum = 0
    genesisBlock.getHash()
    fmt.Println(*genesisBlock)
    //將創(chuàng)世區(qū)塊添加進(jìn)區(qū)塊鏈
    blockchain = append(blockchain, *genesisBlock)
    for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
        newBlock := mine("天氣不錯"+strconv.Itoa(i))
        blockchain = append(blockchain, newBlock)
        fmt.Println(newBlock)
    }

運(yùn)行結(jié)果：

image