（1）7層協(xié)議
OSI（Open System Interconnection）是一個(gè)定義的非常好的協(xié)議規(guī)范吏廉，共包含七層協(xié)議泞遗，物理層，數(shù)據(jù)鏈路層席覆，網(wǎng)絡(luò)層，傳輸層汹买，會(huì)話層佩伤，表示層，應(yīng)用層晦毙。
（2）4層協(xié)議
TCP/IP協(xié)議
之所以說(shuō)TCP/IP是一個(gè)協(xié)議族生巡，是因?yàn)門CP/IP協(xié)議包括TCP、IP见妒、UDP孤荣、ICMP、RIP、TELNETFTP盐股、SMTP钱豁、ARP、TFTP等許多協(xié)議疯汁，這些協(xié)議一起稱為TCP/IP協(xié)議牲尺。
從協(xié)議分層模型方面來(lái)講，TCP/IP由四個(gè)層次組成：網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口層幌蚊、網(wǎng)絡(luò)層谤碳、傳輸層、應(yīng)用層溢豆。
配置：
準(zhǔn)備三臺(tái)機(jī)器:
代理服務(wù)IP:10.0.105.201 --配置本地host解析域名蜒简；
后端服務(wù)器IP:nginx-a ：10.0.105.199
nginx-b：10.0.105.202(yum安裝)后端服務(wù)器將nginx服務(wù)啟動(dòng)
配置代理服務(wù)器的nginx配置文件
worker_processes 4;
worker_rlimit_nofile 102400;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
gzip on;
upstream testweb {
ip_hash;
server 10.0.105.199:80 weight=2 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=2s;
server 10.0.105.202:80 weight=2 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=2s;
}
server {
listen 80;
server_name www.test.com;
charset utf-8;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
proxy_pass http://testweb;
proxy_set_header Host $host:$server_port;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
}
}
測(cè)試訪問(wèn)
10.0.105.202 10.0.105.199服務(wù)器yum安裝的創(chuàng)建新的配置文件:
[root@nginx-server ~]# cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/
[root@nginx-server conf.d]# cp default.conf test.conf
[root@nginx-server conf.d]# cat test.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
}
[root@nginx-server ~]# nginx -s reload
4層tcp負(fù)載
stream {
upstream myweb {
hash $remote_addr consistent;
server 172.17.14.2:8080;
server 172.17.14.3:8080;
}
server {
listen 80;
proxy_connect_timeout 10s;
proxy_timeout 30s;
proxy_pass myweb;
}
}
