1. 首先谋作，我們需要在components新建一個(gè)文件夾CustomForm洲鸠，然后新建一個(gè)index.vue的文件

// element-plus form表單的二次封裝 自定義form表單
<template>
  <el-form :model="model" v-bind="_options" ref="formRef">
    <template v-for="(item, index) in fieldList" :key="index">
      <!-- 單選框 -->
      <el-form-item :label="item.label" v-if="item.type === 'radio'" :rules="item.rules" :prop="[item.field]">
        <el-radio-group v-model="model[item.field]" :disabled="item.disabled">
          <el-radio :label="val[item.options?.valueKey || 'value']" size="large" v-for="val in item.options?.data"
            :key="val[item.options?.valueKey || 'value']">
            {{ val[item.options?.labelkey || 'label'] }}
          </el-radio>
        </el-radio-group>
      </el-form-item>
      <!-- 復(fù)選框 -->
      <el-form-item :label="item.label" v-else-if="item.type === 'checkbox'" :rules="item.rules" :prop="[item.field]">
        <el-checkbox-group v-model="model[item.field]" :disabled="item.disabled">
          <el-checkbox v-for="c in item.options?.data" :key="c[item.options?.valueKey || 'value']"
            :label="c[item.options?.valueKey || 'value']">{{ c[item.options?.labelkey || 'label'] }}</el-checkbox>
        </el-checkbox-group>
      </el-form-item>
      <!-- 下拉框 -->
      <el-form-item :label="item.label" v-else-if="item.type === 'select'" :rules="item.rules" :prop="[item.field]">
        <el-select v-model="model[item.field]" :placeholder="item.options?.placeholder || '請(qǐng)選擇'" clearable>
          <el-option v-for="s in item.options?.data" :key="s[item.options?.valueKey || 'value']"
            :label="s[item.options?.labelkey || 'label']" :value="s[item.options?.valueKey || 'value']" />
        </el-select>
      </el-form-item>
      <!-- 默認(rèn)輸入框 -->
      <el-form-item :label="item.label" :rules="item.rules" :prop="[item.field]" v-else>
        <el-input v-model="model[item.field]" :readonly="item.readonly" :type="item.type ?? 'text'"
          :placeholder="item.label" :disabled="item.disabled" />
      </el-form-item>
    </template>
    <el-form-item>
      <slot name="buttons" :model="model" :formRef="formRef">
        <el-button type="primary" @click="onSubmit(formRef)">{{ _options.submitButtonText }}</el-button>
        <el-button v-if="_options.showResetButton" type="info" @click="resetForm(formRef)">
          {{ _options.resetButtonText }}
        </el-button>
        <el-button v-if="_options.showCancelButton" @click="emit('cancel')">
          {{ _options.cancelButtonText }}
        </el-button>
      </slot>
    </el-form-item>
  </el-form>
</template>
<script lang="ts" setup>
import type { FormInstance } from "element-plus";
import { ComputedRef, ref, computed } from "vue";
// 父組件傳遞的值
interface Props {
  fieldList: Form.FieldItem[];
  model?: Record<string, any>;
  options?: Form.Options;
}
// 表單的數(shù)據(jù)
const model = ref<Record<string, any>>({});
const formRef = ref<FormInstance>();
const props = defineProps<Props>();
// 設(shè)置option默認(rèn)值疯兼，如果傳入自定義的配置則合并option配置項(xiàng)
const _options: ComputedRef<Form.Options> = computed(() => {
  const option = {
    labelWidth: 120,
    labelPosition: "right",
    disabled: false,
    submitButtonText: "提交",
    resetButtonText: "重置",
    cancelButtonText: "取消",
    showResetButton: false,
    showCancelButton: false,
  };
  return Object.assign(option, props?.options);
});
interface EmitEvent {
  (e: "submit", params: any): void;
  (e: "reset"): void;
  (e: "cancel"): void;
}
const emit = defineEmits<EmitEvent>();
defineExpose({
  formRef,
});
// 根據(jù)fieldList初始化model乔遮， 如果model有傳值就用傳遞的model數(shù)據(jù)模型扮超，否則就給上面聲明的model設(shè)置相應(yīng)的(key,value) [item.field]， item.value是表單的默認(rèn)值（選填）
props.fieldList.map((item: Form.FieldItem) => {
  // 如果類型為checkbox蹋肮，默認(rèn)值需要設(shè)置一個(gè)空數(shù)組
  const value = item.type === "checkbox" ? [] : "";
  props.model
    ? (model.value = props.model)
    : (model.value[item.field] = item.value || value);
});
// 提交按鈕
const onSubmit = (formEl: FormInstance | undefined) => {
  if (!formEl) return;
  formEl.validate((valid) => {
    if (valid) {
      emit("submit", model);
    } else {
      return false;
    }
  });
};
// 重置按鈕
const resetForm = (formEl: FormInstance | undefined) => {
  if (!formEl) return;
  formEl.resetFields();
};
</script>
<style lang="less" scoped></style>

寫完Form組件的代碼后出刷，會(huì)報(bào)紅線，F(xiàn)orm.XXXXX 找不到坯辩，這個(gè)是Form表單的全局類型聲明馁龟。

聲明文件在下方，直接復(fù)制進(jìn)項(xiàng)目中漆魔， 紅色警告自然消失坷檩。

聲明文件可以直接放在src下即可。（因?yàn)楹罄m(xù)我們項(xiàng)目可能需要二次封裝多個(gè)組件改抡，例如table, pagination, date-picker等矢炼，所以在此我們新建一個(gè)type文件夾，里面再創(chuàng)建各個(gè)組件的聲明文件）

// src/type/form/index.d.ts
declare namespace Form {
  type ItemType = 'password' | 'text' | 'textarea' | 'radio' | 'checkbox' | 'select'
  // 當(dāng)FiledItem的type === 'radio' | 'checkbox'時(shí)阿纤，options的參數(shù)類型
  interface IFieldOptions {
    labelkey?: string,
    valueKey?: string,
    placeholder?: string,
    data: Recode<string, any>[]
  }
  interface Options {
    labelWidth?: string | number,
    labelPosition?: 'left' | 'right' | 'top',
    disabled?: boolean,
    size?: 'large' | 'small' | 'default',
    showResetButton?: boolean, // 是否展示重置按鈕
    showCancelButton?: boolean, // 是否展示取消按鈕
    submitButtonText?: string,
    resetButtonText?: string,
    cancelButtonText?: string
  }
  interface FieldItem {
    label: string,
    field: string,
    type?: ItemType,
    value?: any,
    placeholder?: string,
    disabled?: boolean,
    readonly?: boolean,
    options?: IFieldOptions,
    rules?: RuleItem[]
  }
  interface RuleItem {
    type?: RuleType;
    required?: boolean;
    pattern?: RegExp | string;
    min?: number;
    max?: number;
    len?: number;
    enum?: Array<string | number | boolean | null | undefined>;
    whitespace?: boolean;
    fields?: Record<string, Rule>;
    options?: ValidateOption;
    defaultField?: Rule;
    transform?: (value: Value) => Value;
    message?: string | ((a?: string) => string);
    asyncValidator?: (rule: InternalRuleItem, value: Value, callback: (error?: string | Error) => void, source: Values, options: ValidateOption) => void | Promise<void>;
    validator?: (rule: InternalRuleItem, value: Value, callback: (error?: string | Error) => void, source: Values, options: ValidateOption) => SyncValidateResult | void;
    trigger?: 'blur' | 'change'
  }
}

2. 然后我們需要配置form的基本信息（基本表單信息句灌，驗(yàn)證規(guī)則，Options等）

// 自定義驗(yàn)證郵箱方法
const checkEmail = (rule: any, value: any, callback: any) => {
  if (!value) callback(new Error('Please input the email'))
  const regExp = /^[a-zA-Z0-9_.-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9-]+(\.[a-zA-Z0-9-]+)*\.(com|cn|net)$/
  regExp.test(value) ? callback() : callback(new Error('Please input the correct email address'))
}
// // 自定義驗(yàn)證表單配置數(shù)據(jù)
// export const validationFormFieldList = [
//     { label: '姓名', field: 'name', rules: [{ required: true, message: 'name is required' }] },
//     { label: '郵箱', field: 'email', rules: [{ required: true, validator: checkEmail }] },
// ] as Form.FieldItem[]

// 表單配置示例
export const exampleForm = {
  base: [
    { label: '姓名', field: 'name', disabled: false },
    { label: '性別', field: 'gender', type: 'radio', options: { data: [{ label: '男', value: 1 }, { label: '女', value: 0 }] } },
    {
      label: '愛(ài)好',
      field: 'hobbies', type: 'checkbox',
      options: {
        data: [
          { label: '吃飯', value: 1 },
          { label: '睡覺(jué)', value: 2 },
          { label: '寫代碼', value: 3 }
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      label: '工作', field: 'job', type: 'select',
      options: {
        data: [{ label: '吃飯', value: 1 }, { label: '睡覺(jué)', value: 2 }, { label: '寫代碼', value: 3 }]
      }
    },
    { label: '密碼', field: 'password', type: 'password', placeholder: '這是一個(gè)密碼輸入框' },
    { label: '只讀', field: 'readonly', readonly: true, placeholder: '這是一個(gè)只讀輸入框' },
    { label: '留言板', field: 'summary', type: 'textarea', placeholder: '留言板' },
  ],
  customkeyForm: [
    { label: '標(biāo)題', field: 'name' },
    { label: '性別', field: 'gender', type: 'radio', options: { labelkey: 'title', valueKey: 'val', data: [{ title: '男', val: 1 }, { title: '女', val: 0 }] } },
  ],
  ruleForm: [
    { label: '姓名', field: 'name', rules: [{ required: true, message: 'name is required' }] },
    { label: '郵箱', field: 'email', rules: [{ required: true, validator: checkEmail }] },
  ]
} as Record<string, Form.FieldItem[]>

export const Options = {
  // 自定義form1表單
  form1: {
    showResetButton: true,
    showCancelButton: false,
    resetButtonText: "重置1212",
  }
}

3. 接下來(lái)欠拾，我們就到了使用環(huán)節(jié)

// src/views/form/index.vue
<template>
    <el-card class="mb-5">
        <template #header> 基本表單 </template>
        <custom-form :fieldList="fieldList" :model="model" @submit="handleBaseSubmit">
            <!-- 如果不使用默認(rèn)的按鈕可以使用插槽自定義內(nèi)容胰锌， 插槽返回的model就是當(dāng)前表單的數(shù)據(jù) -->
            <!-- <template #buttons="{ model }">
                    <el-button">提交</el-button>
                </template> -->
        </custom-form>
    </el-card>
</template>
<script lang="ts" setup>
    import { exampleForm } from '@/config/form' 
    import { ref } from 'vue'
    // 本項(xiàng)目EasyForm組件自動(dòng)引入骗绕，如復(fù)制此代碼，需根據(jù)路徑引入Form組件后使用
    const fieldList: Form.FieldItem[] = exampleForm.base
    const model = ref<Record<string, any>>({
        name: '張三',
        gender: 1,
        hobbies: [1],
        job: 3,
        readonly: '只讀輸入框',
        summary: '尤雨溪懂個(gè)錘子vue是什么梗'
    })
    /**
     * 注意： model數(shù)據(jù)模型非必填項(xiàng)匕荸，如果僅僅是用于數(shù)據(jù)收集爹谭，model參數(shù)可以不用填枷邪，表單的submit事件會(huì)返回所有搜集的數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)象
     *       如果是編輯的情況下榛搔，頁(yè)面需要回顯數(shù)據(jù)，則model數(shù)據(jù)模型必須要填寫
     */
    const handleBaseSubmit = (model: Record<string, any>) => {
        console.log(model.value)
    }
</script>
<style lang="less" scoped></style>

此時(shí)運(yùn)行項(xiàng)目东揣，我們可以得到的界面

image.png

自定義key

// src/views/form/index.vue
<template>
    <el-card class="mb-5">
        <template #header> 自定義key </template>
        <custom-form :fieldList="customKeyFieldList" :model="model2" />
    </el-card>
</template>
<script lang="ts" setup>
    import { exampleForm } from '@/config/form'
    import { ref } from 'vue'
    // import EasyForm from '@/components/EasyForm/index.vue'
    // 本項(xiàng)目EasyForm組件自動(dòng)引入践惑，如復(fù)制此代碼，需根據(jù)路徑引入Form組件后使用
    const customKeyFieldList: Form.FieldItem[] = exampleForm.customkeyForm
    const model2 = ref<Record<string, any>>({
        name: '自定義key',
        gender: 1
    })
    /**
     * 注意： 如果使用到checkbox嘶卧，radio尔觉，或者select等組件，需要傳入組件額外需要的數(shù)據(jù)芥吟，本組件默認(rèn)設(shè)定的讀取數(shù)據(jù)的字段是 label侦铜， value
     *       可參考下方聲明文件 FiledItem options的參數(shù)類型描述
     *       比如，當(dāng)前傳入的data數(shù)據(jù)字段名和label钟鸵、value不匹配钉稍，可使用預(yù)留的參數(shù) labelkey, valueKey指定字段名
     *         customkeyForm: [
                    { label: '標(biāo)題', field: 'name' },
                    { label: '性別', field: 'gender', type: 'radio', options: { labelkey: 'title', valueKey: 'val', data: [{ title: '男', val: 1 }, { title: '女', val: 0 }] } },
                ],
     */
    const handleBaseSubmit = (model: Record<string, any>) => {
        console.log(model.value)
    }
</script>
<style lang="less" scoped></style>

image.png

自定義表單驗(yàn)證

// src/views/form/index.vue
<template>
    <el-card class="mb-5">
        <template #header> 自定義驗(yàn)證的表單 （使用slot自定義按鈕） </template>
        <custom-form :fieldList="ruleFieldList">
            <!-- 如果不使用默認(rèn)的按鈕可以使用插槽自定義內(nèi)容， 插槽返回的model就是當(dāng)前表單的數(shù)據(jù)棺耍， formRef是當(dāng)前表單的FormInstance -->
            <template #buttons="{ model, formRef }">
                <el-button @click="handleSubmit(model, formRef)">保存</el-button>
            </template>
        </custom-form>
    </el-card>
</template>
<script lang="ts" setup>
    import type { FormInstance } from 'element-plus'
    import { exampleForm } from '@/config/form' 
    // import EasyForm from '@/components/EasyForm/index.vue'
    // 本項(xiàng)目EasyForm組件自動(dòng)引入贡未，如復(fù)制此代碼，需根據(jù)路徑引入Form組件后使用
    const ruleFieldList: Form.FieldItem[] = exampleForm.ruleForm
    /**
     *  如果用到了表單驗(yàn)證蒙袍，又使用slot自定義按鈕的話俊卤，需要自行實(shí)現(xiàn)驗(yàn)證邏輯
     *  組件內(nèi)部已經(jīng)集成驗(yàn)證，及重置邏輯害幅。表單驗(yàn)證建議使用內(nèi)置的提交按鈕消恍。當(dāng)通過(guò)驗(yàn)證規(guī)則，內(nèi)置提交按鈕才會(huì)出發(fā)submit事件
     */
    // 下方是使用slot自定義按鈕以现，需要自己實(shí)現(xiàn)驗(yàn)證邏輯
    const handleSubmit = (model: any, formEl: FormInstance | undefined) => {
        if (!formEl) return
        formEl.validate((valid) => {
            if (valid) {
                console.log('submit!', model)
            } else {
                console.log('error submit!')
                return false
            }
        })
    }
</script>
<style lang="less" scoped></style>

image.png

4. 如果我們需要根據(jù)不同表單狠怨，展示不一樣的效果，我們可以通過(guò)options去設(shè)置

比如叼风，由于我們?cè)赾ustomForm中取董，默認(rèn)是不展示重置和取消按鈕的

// 改變這兩個(gè)值的屬性，可顯示隱藏按鈕
showResetButton: false,
showCancelButton: false,

從下面參數(shù)介紹无宿，我們可以看到options是一個(gè)對(duì)象茵汰，所以我們可以這樣寫

<template>
  <div class="home">
    <el-card class="mb-5">
      <template #header> 基本表單 </template>
      <custom-form :fieldList="ruleFieldList" :options="options" @submit="handleSubmit">
        <!-- 如果不使用默認(rèn)的按鈕可以使用插槽自定義內(nèi)容， 插槽返回的model就是當(dāng)前表單的數(shù)據(jù) -->
        <!-- <template #buttons="{ model, formRef }">
          <el-button @click="handleSubmit(model, formRef)">保存</el-button>
        </template> -->
      </custom-form>
    </el-card>
  </div>
</template>

<script lang="ts" setup>
import type { FormInstance } from "element-plus";
import { exampleForm, Options } from "@/config/form";
import { ref } from "vue";
// 本項(xiàng)目EasyForm組件自動(dòng)引入孽鸡，如復(fù)制此代碼蹂午，需根據(jù)路徑引入Form組件后使用
const options: Form.Options = Options.form1;
const ruleFieldList: Form.FieldItem[] = exampleForm.ruleForm;
console.log("options", options);
/**
 * 注意： model數(shù)據(jù)模型非必填項(xiàng)栏豺，如果僅僅是用于數(shù)據(jù)收集，model參數(shù)可以不用填豆胸，表單的submit事件會(huì)返回所有搜集的數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)象
 *       如果是編輯的情況下奥洼，頁(yè)面需要回顯數(shù)據(jù)，則model數(shù)據(jù)模型必須要填寫
 */
const handleSubmit = (model: Record<string, any>) => {
  console.log(model.value)
}
</script>

image.png

參數(shù)介紹

Form 屬性

Options 配置項(xiàng)

fieldItem 配置項(xiàng)

fieldItem options 配置項(xiàng)

Form 插槽

Form 事件