一. Android分發(fā)機制概述:
Android如此受歡迎信卡,就在于其優(yōu)秀的交互性隔缀,這其中,Android優(yōu)秀的事件分發(fā)機制功不可沒傍菇。那么猾瘸,作為一個優(yōu)秀的程序員,要想做一個具有良好交互性的應用丢习,必須透徹理解Android的事件分發(fā)機制。
要想充分理解android的分發(fā)機制绰更,需要先對以下幾個知識點有所了解:
① View和ViewGroup什么显拜?
② 事件
③ View 事件的分發(fā)機制
④ ViewGroup事件的分發(fā)機制
下面,就讓我們沿著大致方針剂娄,開始事件分發(fā)的探究之旅吧……
二诗轻、View和ViewGroup:
Android的UI界面都是由View和ViewGroup及其派生類組合而成的劝术。其中秦忿,View是所有UI組件的基類寨躁,而ViewGroup是容納這些組件的容器,其本身也是從View派生出來的,也就是說ViewGroup的父類就是View翎冲。
通常來說衔沼,Button、ImageView、TextView等控件都是繼承父類View來實現(xiàn)的燎悍。RelativeLayout畴椰、LinearLayout、FrameLayout等布局都是繼承父類ViewGroup來實現(xiàn)的鸽粉。
事件:
當手指觸摸到View或ViewGroup派生的控件后斜脂,將會觸發(fā)一系列的觸發(fā)響應事件,如:
onTouchEvent触机、onClick秽褒、onLongClick等。每個View都有自己處理事件的回調方法威兜,開發(fā)人員只需要重寫這些回調方法,就可以實現(xiàn)需要的響應事件庐椒。
而事件通常重要的有如下三種:
MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN 按下View椒舵,是所有事件的開始
MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE 滑動事件
MotionEvent.ACTION_UP 與down對應,表示抬起
事件的響應原理:
在android開發(fā)設計模式中约谈,最廣泛應用的就是監(jiān)聽笔宿、回調,進而形成了事件響應的過程棱诱。
以Button的OnClick為例泼橘,因為Button也是一個View,所以它也擁有View父類的方法,在View中源碼如下:
/**定義接口成員變量*/
protected OnClickListener mOnClickListener;
/**
* Interface definition for a callback to be invoked when a view is clicked.
*/
public interface OnClickListener {
/**
* Called when a view has been clicked.
*
* @param v The view that was clicked.
*/
void onClick(View v);
}
/**
* Register a callback to be invoked when this view is clicked. If this view is not
* clickable, it becomes clickable.
*
* @param l The callback that will run
*
* @see #setClickable(boolean)
*/
public void setOnClickListener(OnClickListener l) {
if (!isClickable()) {
setClickable(true);
}
mOnClickListener = l;
}
/**
* Call this view's OnClickListener, if it is defined.
*
* @return True there was an assigned OnClickListener that was called, false
* otherwise is returned.
*/
public boolean performClick() {
sendAccessibilityEvent(AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_VIEW_CLICKED);
if (mOnClickListener != null) {
playSoundEffect(SoundEffectConstants.CLICK);
mOnClickListener.onClick(this);
return true;
}
return false;
}
/**觸摸了屏幕后迈勋,實現(xiàn)并調用的方法*/
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
…..
if (mPerformClick == null) {
mPerformClick = new PerformClick();
}
if (!post(mPerformClick)) {
performClick();
}
…..
}
以上是View源碼中關鍵代碼行炬灭,以Button為例,假設需要在一個布局上添加一個按鈕靡菇,并實現(xiàn)它的OnClick事件重归,需要如下步驟:
1、 OnClickListener類是一個當控件被點擊后進行回調的一個接口厦凤,它完成被點擊后的回調通知鼻吮。
2、 創(chuàng)建一個按鈕Button较鼓,并設置監(jiān)聽事件椎木,對這個Button進行setOnClickListener操作
3违柏、 當手指觸摸到Button按鈕,通過一系列方法(之后將會詳細講解香椎,這里暫時忽略)漱竖,觸發(fā)并執(zhí)行到onTouchEvent方法并執(zhí)行mPerformClick方法,在mPerformClick方法中士鸥,首先會判斷注冊的mOnClickListener是否為空闲孤,若不為空,它就會回調之前注冊的onClick方法烤礁,進而執(zhí)行用戶自定義代碼讼积。
事件響應機制,簡單來說上面的例子就已經(jīng)基本上詮釋了
注冊一個監(jiān)聽對象
實現(xiàn)監(jiān)聽對象的監(jiān)聽事件
當某一觸發(fā)事件到來脚仔,在觸發(fā)事件中通過注冊過的監(jiān)聽對象勤众,回調注冊對象的響應事件,來完成用戶自定義實現(xiàn)鲤脏。
但凡明白了這一個簡單的事件響應的過程们颜,就離事件驅動開發(fā)整個過程就不遠了,大道至簡猎醇,請完全理解了這個例子窥突,再繼續(xù)之后的學習,事半功倍硫嘶。
三阻问、View事件的分發(fā)機制:
通過上面的例子,我們初步的接觸了View的事件分發(fā)機制沦疾,再進一步了解称近。首先,我們要熟悉dispatchTouchEvent和onTouchEvent兩個函數(shù)哮塞,這兩個函數(shù)都是View的函數(shù)刨秆,要理解View事件的分發(fā)機制,只要清楚這兩個函數(shù)就基本上清楚了忆畅。
在這里先提醒一句衡未,這里的“分發(fā)”是指一個觸摸或點擊的事件發(fā)生,分發(fā)給當前觸摸控件所監(jiān)聽的事件(如OnClick家凯、onTouch等)眠屎,進而來決定是控件的哪個函數(shù)來響應此次事件。
dispatchTouchEvent:
此函數(shù)負責事件的分發(fā)肆饶,你只需要記住當觸摸一個View控件改衩,首先會調用這個函數(shù)就行,在這個函數(shù)體里決定將事件分發(fā)給誰來處理驯镊。
onTouchEvent:
此函數(shù)負責執(zhí)行事件的處理葫督,負責處理事件竭鞍,主要處理MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN、
MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE 橄镜、
MotionEvent.ACTION_UP這三個事件偎快。
public boolean onTouchEvent (MotionEvent event)
參數(shù)event為手機屏幕觸摸事件封裝類的對象,其中封裝了該事件的所有信息洽胶,例如觸摸的位置晒夹、觸摸的類型以及觸摸的時間等。該對象會在用戶觸摸手機屏幕時被創(chuàng)建姊氓。
那么它是如何執(zhí)行這個流程的呢丐怯?我們還以布局上的按鈕為例,看看它是如何實現(xiàn)的翔横。(看圖①)
我們知道读跷,View做為所有控件的父類,它本身定義了很多接口來監(jiān)聽觸摸在View上的事件禾唁,如OnClickListener(點擊)效览、OnLongClickListener(長按)、OnTouchListener(觸摸監(jiān)聽)等荡短,那么當手指觸摸到View時候丐枉,該響應“點擊”還是”觸摸”呢,就是根據(jù)dispatchTouchEvent和onTouchEvent這兩個函數(shù)組合實現(xiàn)的,我們之下的討論掘托,僅對常用的“點擊OnClick”和“觸摸onTouch”來討論矛洞,順藤摸瓜,找出主線烫映,進而搞清楚View的事件分發(fā)機制。
對于上面的按鈕噩峦,點擊它一下锭沟,我們期望2種結果,第一種:它響應一個點擊事件识补。第二種:不響應點擊事件族淮。
第一種源碼:
public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener ,OnTouchListener{
private Button btnButton;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
btnButton=(Button) findViewById(R.id.btn);
btnButton.setOnClickListener(this);
btnButton.setOnTouchListener(this);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
switch (v.getId()) {
case R.id.btn:
Log.e("View", "onClick===========>");
break;
default:
break;
}
}
@Override
public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Log.e("View", "onTouch..................................");
return false;
}
}
第二種源碼:
public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener ,OnTouchListener{
private Button btnButton;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
btnButton=(Button) findViewById(R.id.btn);
btnButton.setOnClickListener(this);
btnButton.setOnTouchListener(this);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
switch (v.getId()) {
case R.id.btn:
Log.e("View", "onClick===========>");
break;
default:
break;
}
}
@Override
public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Log.e("View", "onTouch..................................");
return true;
}
}
結果分析:
上面兩處代碼,第一種執(zhí)行了OnClick函數(shù)和OnTouch函數(shù)凭涂,第二種執(zhí)行了OnTouch函數(shù)祝辣,并沒有執(zhí)行OnClick函數(shù),而且對兩處代碼進行比較切油,發(fā)現(xiàn)只有在onTouch處返回值true和false不同蝙斜。當onTouch返回false,onClick被執(zhí)行了澎胡,返回true孕荠,onClick未被執(zhí)行娩鹉。
為什么會這樣呢?我們只有深入源碼才能分析出來稚伍。
前面提到弯予,觸摸一個View就會執(zhí)行dispatchTouchEvent方法去“分發(fā)”事件, 既然觸摸的是按鈕Button个曙,那么我們就查看Button的源碼锈嫩,尋找dispatchTouchEvent方法,Button源碼中沒有dispatchTouchEvent方法垦搬,但知道Button繼承自TextView呼寸,尋找TextView,發(fā)現(xiàn)它也沒有dispatchTouchEvent方法悼沿,繼續(xù)查找TextView的父類View等舔,發(fā)現(xiàn)View有dispatchTouchEvent方法,那我們就分析dispatchTouchEvent方法糟趾。
主要代碼如下:
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
if (onFilterTouchEventForSecurity(event)) {
//noinspection SimplifiableIfStatement
if (mOnTouchListener != null && (mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED &&
mOnTouchListener.onTouch(this, event)) {
return true;
}
if (onTouchEvent(event)) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
分析:
先來看dispatchTouchEvent函數(shù)返回值慌植,如果返回true,表明事件被處理了义郑,反之蝶柿,表明事件未被處理。
if (onFilterTouchEventForSecurity(event))這個是事件安全過濾非驮,與主題無關交汤,繼續(xù)看。
if (mOnTouchListener != null && (mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED &&
mOnTouchListener.onTouch(this, event)) {
return true;
}
這個判定很重要劫笙,mOnTouchListener != null芙扎,判斷該控件是否注冊了OnTouchListener對象的監(jiān)聽,(mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED填大,判斷當前的控件是否能被點擊(比如Button默認可以點擊戒洼,ImageView默認不許點擊,看到這里就了然了)允华,mOnTouchListener.onTouch(this, event)這個是關鍵圈浇,這個調用,就是回調你注冊在這個View上的mOnTouchListener對象的onTouch方法靴寂,如果你在onTouch方法里返回false磷蜀,那么這個判斷語句就跳出,去執(zhí)行下面的程序百炬,否則褐隆,當前2個都返回了true,自定義onTouch方法也返回true剖踊,條件成立妓灌,就直接返回了轨蛤,不再執(zhí)行下面的程序。接下來虫埂,if (onTouchEvent(event)) 這個判斷很重要祥山,能否回調OnClickListener接口的onClick函數(shù),關鍵在于此掉伏,可以肯定的是缝呕,如果上面
if (mOnTouchListener != null && (mViewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == ENABLED &&
mOnTouchListener.onTouch(this, event))返回true,那么就不會執(zhí)行并回調OnClickListener接口的onClick函數(shù)斧散。
接下來供常,我們看onTouchEvent這個函數(shù),看它是如何響應點擊事件的鸡捐。
主要代碼如下:
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
final int viewFlags = mViewFlags;
if ((viewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == DISABLED) {
if (event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP && (mPrivateFlags & PRESSED) != 0) {
mPrivateFlags &= ~PRESSED;
refreshDrawableState();
}
// A disabled view that is clickable still consumes the touch
// events, it just doesn't respond to them.
return (((viewFlags & CLICKABLE) == CLICKABLE ||
(viewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE));
}
if (mTouchDelegate != null) {
if (mTouchDelegate.onTouchEvent(event)) {
return true;
}
}
if (((viewFlags & CLICKABLE) == CLICKABLE ||
(viewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE)) {
switch (event.getAction()) {
case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
boolean prepressed = (mPrivateFlags & PREPRESSED) != 0;
if ((mPrivateFlags & PRESSED) != 0 || prepressed) {
// take focus if we don't have it already and we should in
// touch mode.
boolean focusTaken = false;
if (isFocusable() && isFocusableInTouchMode() && !isFocused()) {
focusTaken = requestFocus();
}
if (prepressed) {
// The button is being released before we actually
// showed it as pressed. Make it show the pressed
// state now (before scheduling the click) to ensure
// the user sees it.
mPrivateFlags |= PRESSED;
refreshDrawableState();
}
if (!mHasPerformedLongPress) {
// This is a tap, so remove the longpress check
removeLongPressCallback();
// Only perform take click actions if we were in the pressed state
if (!focusTaken) {
// Use a Runnable and post this rather than calling
// performClick directly. This lets other visual state
// of the view update before click actions start.
if (mPerformClick == null) {
mPerformClick = new PerformClick();
}
if (!post(mPerformClick)) {
performClick();
}
}
}
if (mUnsetPressedState == null) {
mUnsetPressedState = new UnsetPressedState();
}
if (prepressed) {
postDelayed(mUnsetPressedState,
ViewConfiguration.getPressedStateDuration());
} else if (!post(mUnsetPressedState)) {
// If the post failed, unpress right now
mUnsetPressedState.run();
}
removeTapCallback();
}
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
mHasPerformedLongPress = false;
if (performButtonActionOnTouchDown(event)) {
break;
}
// Walk up the hierarchy to determine if we're inside a scrolling container.
boolean isInScrollingContainer = isInScrollingContainer();
// For views inside a scrolling container, delay the pressed feedback for
// a short period in case this is a scroll.
if (isInScrollingContainer) {
mPrivateFlags |= PREPRESSED;
if (mPendingCheckForTap == null) {
mPendingCheckForTap = new CheckForTap();
}
postDelayed(mPendingCheckForTap, ViewConfiguration.getTapTimeout());
} else {
// Not inside a scrolling container, so show the feedback right away
mPrivateFlags |= PRESSED;
refreshDrawableState();
checkForLongClick(0);
}
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL:
mPrivateFlags &= ~PRESSED;
refreshDrawableState();
removeTapCallback();
break;
case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
final int x = (int) event.getX();
final int y = (int) event.getY();
// Be lenient about moving outside of buttons
if (!pointInView(x, y, mTouchSlop)) {
// Outside button
removeTapCallback();
if ((mPrivateFlags & PRESSED) != 0) {
// Remove any future long press/tap checks
removeLongPressCallback();
// Need to switch from pressed to not pressed
mPrivateFlags &= ~PRESSED;
refreshDrawableState();
}
}
break;
}
return true;
}
return false;
}
public boolean performClick() {
sendAccessibilityEvent(AccessibilityEvent.TYPE_VIEW_CLICKED);
if (mOnClickListener != null) {
playSoundEffect(SoundEffectConstants.CLICK);
mOnClickListener.onClick(this);
return true;
}
return false;
}
代碼量太大了栈暇,不過不要緊,我們通過主要代碼分析一下箍镜。
public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
//控件不能被點擊
if ((viewFlags & ENABLED_MASK) == DISABLED) {
…
}
//委托代理別的View去實現(xiàn)
if (mTouchDelegate != null) {
if (mTouchDelegate.onTouchEvent(event)) {
return true;
}
}
//控件能夠點擊或者長按
if (((viewFlags & CLICKABLE) == CLICKABLE ||
(viewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE)) {
switch (event.getAction()) {
//抬起事件
case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
…...
if (!focusTaken) {
// Use a Runnable and post this rather than calling
// performClick directly. This lets other visual state
// of the view update before click actions start.
if (mPerformClick == null) {
mPerformClick = new PerformClick();
}
if (!post(mPerformClick)) {
//這里就是去執(zhí)行回調注冊的onClick函數(shù)源祈,實現(xiàn)點擊
performClick();
}
}
……
break;
//按下事件
case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
……
break;
……
//移動事件
case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
……
break;
}
return true;
}
return false;
}
從上面主要代碼可以看出onTouchEvent傳參MotionEvent類型,它封裝了觸摸的活動事件色迂,其中就有MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN香缺、MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE、MotionEvent.ACTION_UP三個事件歇僧。我們在來看看onTouchEvent的返回值图张,因為onTouchEvent是在dispatchTouchEvent事件分發(fā)處理中調用的,
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {
……
if (onTouchEvent(event)) {
return true;
}
return fasle;
}
如果onTouchEvent返回true诈悍,dispatchTouchEvent就返回true祸轮,表明事件被處理了,反之侥钳,事件未被處理适袜。
程序的關鍵在 if (((viewFlags & CLICKABLE) == CLICKABLE ||
(viewFlags & LONG_CLICKABLE) == LONG_CLICKABLE))的判斷里,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)無論switch的分支在什么地方跳出慕趴,返回都是true。這就表明鄙陡,無論是三個事件中的哪一個冕房,都會返回true。
參照下圖趁矾,結合上述耙册,不難理解View的分發(fā)機制了。
(圖④)
四毫捣、ViewGroup事件分發(fā)機制:
ViewGroup事件分發(fā)機制較View的稍微復雜一些详拙,不過對View的機制只要精確的理解后帝际,仔細看過這一節(jié),睡幾覺起來饶辙,估計也就悟出來了蹲诀,學習就是這么奇怪,當下理解不了或模糊的地方弃揽,只要腦子有印象脯爪,忽然一夜好像就懂了。
先來看下面的一個簡單布局矿微,我們將通過例子痕慢,了解ViewGroup+View的android事件處理機制。
上圖由:黑色為線性布局LinearLayout涌矢,紫色為相對布局RelativeLayout掖举,按鈕Button三部分組成。RelativeLayout為LinearLayout的子布局娜庇,Button為RelativeLayout的子布局塔次。以下RelativeLayout簡稱(R),LinearLayout簡稱(L)思灌,Button簡稱(B)俺叭。
經(jīng)過前面講解,我們首先知道這樣兩件事情泰偿。
1熄守、(R)和(L)的父類是ViewGroup,(B)的父類是View耗跛。
2裕照、dispatchTouchEvent這個函數(shù)很重要,不論是ViewGroup還是View调塌,都由它來處理事件的消費和傳遞晋南。
下面,我們通過橫向和縱向兩個維度羔砾,通過源碼和圖解的方式负间,充分理解事件的傳遞機制。
先來看整體的事件傳遞過程:
當手指點擊按鈕B時姜凄,事件傳遞的順序是從底向上傳遞的政溃,也就是按照L->R->B的順序由下往上逐層傳遞,響應正好相反态秧,是自上而下董虱。
L首先接收到點擊事件,L的父類是ViewGroup類,并將事件傳遞給dispatchTouchEvent方法愤诱,dispatchTouchEvent函數(shù)中判斷該控件L是否重載了onInterceptTouchEvent方法進行事件攔截云头,onInterceptTouchEvent默認返回false不攔截,那么dispatchTouchEvent方法將事件傳遞給R去處理(進入第2流程處理)淫半,如果返回true表示當前L控件攔截了事件向其它控件的傳遞溃槐,交給它自己父類View的dispatchTouchEvent去處理,在父方法的dispatchTouchEvent中撮慨,將會按照前面講的View的事件處理機制去判斷竿痰,比如判斷L是否重載了onTouch方法坐桩,是否可點擊瓦侮,是否做了監(jiān)聽等事件。
R也是ViewGroup的子類喘落,因此與第1流程基本相似规伐,如果onInterceptTouchEvent返回了false蟹倾,表示事件將不攔截繼續(xù)傳遞給B。
B是View的子類猖闪,它沒有onInterceptTouchEvent方法鲜棠,直接交給自己父類View的dispatchTouchEvent去處理,流程同不再敷述培慌。
總結:
onInterceptTouchEvent只有ViewGroup才有豁陆,當一個控件是繼承自ViewGroup而來的,那么它就可能會有子控件吵护,因此盒音,才有可能傳遞給子控件,而繼承自View的控件馅而,不會有子控件祥诽,也就沒有onInterceptTouchEvent函數(shù)了。
通過dispatchTouchEvent分發(fā)的控件返回值True和false瓮恭,表示當前控件是否消費了傳遞過來的事件雄坪,如果消費了,返回True屯蹦,反之false维哈。消費了,就不再繼續(xù)傳遞了登澜,沒有消費阔挠,如果有子控件將繼續(xù)傳遞。
啰嗦點帖渠,如果想再深層次了解一下谒亦,再次從源碼ViewGroup來分析一個L控件的事件傳遞過程竭宰,請看下圖:
結合上面的圖例空郊,下面列出ViewGroup源碼來分析一下份招,我們只需要分析ViewGroup的dispatchTouchEvent、onInterceptTouchEvent狞甚、dispatchTransformedTouchEvent三個方法即可锁摔。
public boolean dispatchTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
if (mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) {
mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onTouchEvent(ev, 1);
}
boolean handled = false;
if (onFilterTouchEventForSecurity(ev)) {
final int action = ev.getAction();
final int actionMasked = action & MotionEvent.ACTION_MASK;
// Handle an initial down.
if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {
// Throw away all previous state when starting a new touch gesture.
// The framework may have dropped the up or cancel event for the previous gesture
// due to an app switch, ANR, or some other state change.
cancelAndClearTouchTargets(ev);
resetTouchState();
}
// Check for interception.
final boolean intercepted;
if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
|| mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
final boolean disallowIntercept = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT) != 0;
if (!disallowIntercept) {
intercepted = onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
ev.setAction(action); // restore action in case it was changed
} else {
intercepted = false;
}
} else {
// There are no touch targets and this action is not an initial down
// so this view group continues to intercept touches.
intercepted = true;
}
// Check for cancelation.
final boolean canceled = resetCancelNextUpFlag(this)
|| actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL;
// Update list of touch targets for pointer down, if needed.
final boolean split = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_SPLIT_MOTION_EVENTS) != 0;
TouchTarget newTouchTarget = null;
boolean alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = false;
if (!canceled && !intercepted) {
if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
|| (split && actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_DOWN)
|| actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_HOVER_MOVE) {
final int actionIndex = ev.getActionIndex(); // always 0 for down
final int idBitsToAssign = split ? 1 << ev.getPointerId(actionIndex)
: TouchTarget.ALL_POINTER_IDS;
// Clean up earlier touch targets for this pointer id in case they
// have become out of sync.
removePointersFromTouchTargets(idBitsToAssign);
final int childrenCount = mChildrenCount;
if (childrenCount != 0) {
// Find a child that can receive the event.
// Scan children from front to back.
final View[] children = mChildren;
final float x = ev.getX(actionIndex);
final float y = ev.getY(actionIndex);
for (int i = childrenCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
final View child = children[i];
if (!canViewReceivePointerEvents(child)
|| !isTransformedTouchPointInView(x, y, child, null)) {
continue;
}
newTouchTarget = getTouchTarget(child);
if (newTouchTarget != null) {
// Child is already receiving touch within its bounds.
// Give it the new pointer in addition to the ones it is handling.
newTouchTarget.pointerIdBits |= idBitsToAssign;
break;
}
resetCancelNextUpFlag(child);
if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, false, child, idBitsToAssign)) {
// Child wants to receive touch within its bounds.
mLastTouchDownTime = ev.getDownTime();
mLastTouchDownIndex = i;
mLastTouchDownX = ev.getX();
mLastTouchDownY = ev.getY();
newTouchTarget = addTouchTarget(child, idBitsToAssign);
alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget = true;
break;
}
}
}
if (newTouchTarget == null && mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
// Did not find a child to receive the event.
// Assign the pointer to the least recently added target.
newTouchTarget = mFirstTouchTarget;
while (newTouchTarget.next != null) {
newTouchTarget = newTouchTarget.next;
}
newTouchTarget.pointerIdBits |= idBitsToAssign;
}
}
}
// Dispatch to touch targets.
if (mFirstTouchTarget == null) {
// No touch targets so treat this as an ordinary view.
handled = dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, canceled, null,
TouchTarget.ALL_POINTER_IDS);
} else {
// Dispatch to touch targets, excluding the new touch target if we already
// dispatched to it. Cancel touch targets if necessary.
TouchTarget predecessor = null;
TouchTarget target = mFirstTouchTarget;
while (target != null) {
final TouchTarget next = target.next;
if (alreadyDispatchedToNewTouchTarget && target == newTouchTarget) {
handled = true;
} else {
final boolean cancelChild = resetCancelNextUpFlag(target.child)
|| intercepted;
if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, cancelChild,
target.child, target.pointerIdBits)) {
handled = true;
}
if (cancelChild) {
if (predecessor == null) {
mFirstTouchTarget = next;
} else {
predecessor.next = next;
}
target.recycle();
target = next;
continue;
}
}
predecessor = target;
target = next;
}
}
// Update list of touch targets for pointer up or cancel, if needed.
if (canceled
|| actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP
|| actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_HOVER_MOVE) {
resetTouchState();
} else if (split && actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_UP) {
final int actionIndex = ev.getActionIndex();
final int idBitsToRemove = 1 << ev.getPointerId(actionIndex);
removePointersFromTouchTargets(idBitsToRemove);
}
}
if (!handled && mInputEventConsistencyVerifier != null) {
mInputEventConsistencyVerifier.onUnhandledEvent(ev, 1);
}
return handled;
}
public boolean onInterceptTouchEvent(MotionEvent ev) {
return false;
}
private boolean dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(MotionEvent event, boolean cancel,
View child, int desiredPointerIdBits) {
final boolean handled;
// Canceling motions is a special case. We don't need to perform any transformations
// or filtering. The important part is the action, not the contents.
final int oldAction = event.getAction();
if (cancel || oldAction == MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL) {
event.setAction(MotionEvent.ACTION_CANCEL);
if (child == null) {
handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
} else {
handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
}
event.setAction(oldAction);
return handled;
}
// Calculate the number of pointers to deliver.
final int oldPointerIdBits = event.getPointerIdBits();
final int newPointerIdBits = oldPointerIdBits & desiredPointerIdBits;
// If for some reason we ended up in an inconsistent state where it looks like we
// might produce a motion event with no pointers in it, then drop the event.
if (newPointerIdBits == 0) {
return false;
}
// If the number of pointers is the same and we don't need to perform any fancy
// irreversible transformations, then we can reuse the motion event for this
// dispatch as long as we are careful to revert any changes we make.
// Otherwise we need to make a copy.
final MotionEvent transformedEvent;
if (newPointerIdBits == oldPointerIdBits) {
if (child == null || child.hasIdentityMatrix()) {
if (child == null) {
handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
} else {
final float offsetX = mScrollX - child.mLeft;
final float offsetY = mScrollY - child.mTop;
event.offsetLocation(offsetX, offsetY);
handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(event);
event.offsetLocation(-offsetX, -offsetY);
}
return handled;
}
transformedEvent = MotionEvent.obtain(event);
} else {
transformedEvent = event.split(newPointerIdBits);
}
// Perform any necessary transformations and dispatch.
if (child == null) {
handled = super.dispatchTouchEvent(transformedEvent);
} else {
final float offsetX = mScrollX - child.mLeft;
final float offsetY = mScrollY - child.mTop;
transformedEvent.offsetLocation(offsetX, offsetY);
if (! child.hasIdentityMatrix()) {
transformedEvent.transform(child.getInverseMatrix());
}
handled = child.dispatchTouchEvent(transformedEvent);
}
// Done.
transformedEvent.recycle();
return handled;
}
代碼量比較大,我們先概述一下各個函數(shù)的主要作用哼审。
dispatchTouchEvent主要用來分發(fā)事件谐腰,函數(shù)主要作用是來決定當前的事件是交由自己消費處理,還是交由子控件處理涩盾。
onInterceptTouchEvent主要來決定當前控件是否需要攔截傳遞給子控件十气,如果返回True表示該控件攔截,并交由自己父類的dispatchTouchEvent處理消費春霍,如果返回false表示不攔截砸西,允許傳遞給子控件處理。
dispatchTransformedTouchEvent主要根據(jù)傳來的子控件址儒,決定是自身處理消費芹枷,還是交由子控件處理消費。
我們主要來分析一下dispatchTouchEvent函數(shù):
if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
|| mFirstTouchTarget != null) {
final boolean disallowIntercept = (mGroupFlags & FLAG_DISALLOW_INTERCEPT) != 0;
if (!disallowIntercept) {
intercepted = onInterceptTouchEvent(ev);
ev.setAction(action); // restore action in case it was changed
} else {
intercepted = false;
}
} else {
// There are no touch targets and this action is not an initial down
// so this view group continues to intercept touches.
intercepted = true;
}
這段代碼莲趣,如果當前傳遞的事件是Down(按下)或者當前觸摸鏈表不為空鸳慈,那么它調用onInterceptTouchEvent函數(shù),判斷是否進行事件攔截處理喧伞,通過返回值來決定intercepted變量的值走芋。
接下來if (!canceled && !intercepted){} 這個括號內的代碼需要注意了,只有當intercepted返回值為false的時候絮识,才滿足這個條件進入代碼段绿聘。因此,我們結合onInterceptTouchEvent源碼次舌,發(fā)現(xiàn)它默認值返回的是false熄攘,也就說如果你不重載onInterceptTouchEvent方法并令其返回True,它一定是返回false彼念,并能夠執(zhí)行花括號內的代碼挪圾。
我們分析一下花括號中的代碼,
if (actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN
|| (split && actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_POINTER_DOWN)
|| actionMasked == MotionEvent.ACTION_HOVER_MOVE) {}
判斷當前的事件是否是ACTION_DOWN逐沙、ACTION_POINTER_DOWN(多點觸摸)哲思、ACTION_HOVER_MOVE(懸停),如果是吩案,執(zhí)行花括號內代碼棚赔,
final int childrenCount = mChildrenCount;
if (childrenCount != 0) {}
判斷當前控件是否有子控件,如果大于0,執(zhí)行花括號內代碼靠益,
for (int i = childrenCount - 1; i >= 0; i--)遍歷子控件丧肴,
if (!canViewReceivePointerEvents(child)
判斷當前的down、POINTER_DOWN胧后、HOVER_MOVE三個事件的坐標點是否落在了子控件上芋浮,如果落在子控件上,
if (dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, false, child, idBitsToAssign))
通過dispatchTransformedTouchEvent傳遞事件壳快,交由子控件判斷是否傳遞或自己消費處理纸巷。如果dispatchTransformedTouchEvent返回true,表示子控件已消費處理眶痰,并添加此子控件View到觸摸鏈表瘤旨,并放置鏈表頭,并結束遍歷子控件竖伯。newTouchTarget = addTouchTarget(child, idBitsToAssign);false表示未處理裆站。
接著分析
if (mFirstTouchTarget == null) {
handled = dispatchTransformedTouchEvent(ev, canceled, null,
TouchTarget.ALL_POINTER_IDS);
} else {
……
}
mFirstTouchTarget什么時候為空呢?從前面的代碼可以看到黔夭,如果onInterceptTouchEvent返回為false(也就是不攔截)宏胯,mFirstTouchTarget就為空,直接交給自己父View執(zhí)行dispatchTouchEvent去了本姥。如果mFirstTouchTarget不為空肩袍,它就取出觸摸鏈表,逐個遍歷判斷處理婚惫,如果前面比如Down事件處理過了氛赐,就不再處理了。
一個完整的事件 一個up 一個down 和多個move盡可能有一個控件來完成這個事件先舷。假如一個事件被兩個控件分別完成 就是事件沖突艰管。ScrollView和Viewpager 就是事件沖突 down 和up不是一個控件來執(zhí)行。 左右和上下滑動沖突蒋川。解決就是自定義這兩個牲芋。
打斷和分發(fā)盡量 不要重寫
繼承View么有打斷事件。
打斷事件分發(fā)捺球,不能打斷本身的事件缸浦,只能打斷事件向下分發(fā),一旦事件被打斷氮兵,就由誰來處理裂逐,誰打斷誰處理