Day 8: Words & Phrases

- issues a Bond villain’s laugh

Bond villain

A referrence to the typical villains of James Bond movies.

issue

When something such as a liquid, sound, or smell issues from something, it comes out of that thing.

• A tinny voice issued from a speaker.
  揚(yáng)聲器里傳出了細(xì)微的聲音懂牧。

- utility

a service provided for the public, for example an electricity, water or gas supply

• the administration of public utilities 公共事業(yè)的管理

- pricey

If you say that something is pricey, you mean that it is expensive.

• Medical insurance is very pricey.
  醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)用昂貴山上。

- blanketed with

If something such as snow blankets an area, it covers it.

• More than a foot of snow blanketed parts of Michigan...

密歇根州的部分地區(qū)被超過(guò)一英尺厚的積雪所覆蓋。

• With a thick mist now blanketing the trees, I got thoroughly lost.

此時(shí)濃霧籠罩著林木染服，我徹底迷路了或渤。

- photovoltaic

光伏（Photovoltaic）：是太陽(yáng)能光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)（Solar power system）的簡(jiǎn)稱抄肖，是一種利用太陽(yáng)電池半導(dǎo)體材料的光伏效應(yīng)碧绞，將太陽(yáng)光輻射能直接轉(zhuǎn)換為電能的一種新型發(fā)電系統(tǒng)

- back up

1. If someone or something backs up a statement, they supply evidence to suggest that it is true.

• Radio signals received from the galaxy's centre back up the black hole theory...
  從該星系中心收到的無(wú)線電信號(hào)證實(shí)了黑洞理論冷冗。
• Her views are backed up by a 1989 Home Office report on crime.

1989年內(nèi)政部的一份犯罪報(bào)告印證了她的觀點(diǎn)。

2. If you back up, the car or other vehicle that you are driving moves back a short distance.

- generator

a machine for producing electricity

• The factory's emergency generators were used during the power cut.
  工廠應(yīng)急發(fā)電機(jī)在停電期間用上了锁蠕。
• a wind generator
  (= a machine that uses the power of the wind to produce electricity)

- All told

everything counted : in all : altogether

• a town of perhaps 5000 people all told
• all told, it had been one of the most frustrating experiences imaginable

- pocket

If you say that someone pockets something such as a prize or sum of money, you mean that they win or obtain it, often without needing to make much effort or in a way that seems unfair. [JOURNALISM ]

• He pocketed more money from this tournament than in his entire three years as a professional.

他在這次錦標(biāo)賽上獲得的獎(jiǎng)金比他整整3年職業(yè)生涯的收入都多夷野。

- have a point

If you say that someone has a point, or if you take their point, you mean that you accept that what they have said is important and should be considered.

• 'If he'd already killed once, surely he'd have killed Sarah?' She had a point there...

“如果他殺過(guò)一次人，那他一定已經(jīng)殺了薩拉吧荣倾？”她說(shuō)得有道理悯搔。

• Oh I take your point, John, about that.

噢，約翰舌仍，關(guān)于那一點(diǎn)妒貌，我覺(jué)得你說(shuō)得對(duì)。

- grid

A grid is a network of intersecting parallel lines, whether real or imaginary. Most American streets are laid out in a grid pattern, meaning the streets intersect at right angles and form a pattern of squares when viewed from above.

- anathema

a thing or an idea which you hate because it is the opposite of what you believe

• Racial prejudice is (an) anathema to me.
  對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō),種族歧視非持恚可惡灌曙。

- mourn

If you mourn something or mourn for it, you regret that you no longer have it and show your regret in the way that you behave.

• We mourned the loss of our cities...
  我們?yōu)槭ザ嘧鞘卸葱摹?/li>
• She mourned for the beloved past.
  她懷念美好的過(guò)去。

- incumbent

a person who has an official position

• the present incumbent of the White House......現(xiàn)任美國(guó)總統(tǒng)

- justify

~ sth / yourself (to sb) to give an explanation or excuse for sth or for doing sth
【SYN】 defend :

• The Prime Minister has been asked to justify the decision to Parliament.
  要求首相就這一決定向議會(huì)作出解釋节芥。
• You don't need to justify yourself to me.
  你不必向我解釋你的理由在刺。

- robust

Use robust to describe a person or thing that is healthy and strong, or strongly built. This adjective also commonly describes food or drink: a robust wine has a rich, strong flavor. If your school has a robust sports program, it means they offer lots of different kinds of sports and that a lot of kids participate.

• robust economic growth
  強(qiáng)勁的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)
• It was a typically robust performance by the Foreign Secretary.
  這是外交大臣典型的有信心的表現(xiàn)。
• a robust piece of equipment
  經(jīng)久耐用的設(shè)備

- perennial

Perennial typically describes things that are permanent, constant, or repeated. Arguing with your roommate about who cleaned the bathroom last time might be a perennial argument.
There is also a perennial plant, which lasts more than two years and usually reappears each spring, because it produces flowers and seeds from the same root structure.

- rebate

A rebate is an amount of money which is paid to you when you have paid more tax, rent, or rates than you needed to.

• //...a tax rebate...
  退稅
• Customers are to benefit from a rebate on their electricity bills.

顧客將從他們的電費(fèi)退費(fèi)中得到實(shí)惠头镊。

- renewable(s)

Renewable resources are natural ones such as wind, water, and sunlight which are always available.

• //...renewable energy sources.
  可再生能源

Renewables are natural energy sources such as wind, water, and sunlight which are always available. [usu plural]

- hit

1. to have a bad effect on sb / sth

• The tax increases will certainly hit the poor.
  增稅肯定會(huì)加重窮人的負(fù)擔(dān)增炭。
• His death didn't really hit me at first.
  他的死起初并沒(méi)有對(duì)我產(chǎn)生影響。

2. (informal) to experience sth difficult or unpleasant

• We seem to have hit a problem.
  我們似乎遇到了問(wèn)題拧晕。
• Everything was going well but then we hit trouble.
  原本一切都進(jìn)行得很順利,但后來(lái)我們遇到了麻煩隙姿。

3. (informal) to come suddenly into your mind

• I couldn't remember where I'd seen him before, and then it suddenly hit me.
  起初我想不起以前在哪里見(jiàn)過(guò)他,后來(lái)猛然記起來(lái)了。

- glut

1. If there is a glut of something, there is so much of it that it cannot all be sold or used.

• There's a glut of agricultural products in Western Europe.

西歐的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品供過(guò)于求厂捞。

• //...a world oil glut.

全球石油供應(yīng)過(guò)剩

2. If a market is glutted with something, there is a glut of that thing. [BUSINESS]

• The region is glutted with hospitals...

該地區(qū)的醫(yī)院數(shù)量已經(jīng)飽和输玷。

• Soldiers returning from the war had glutted the job market.

從戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)返鄉(xiāng)的士兵擠爆了勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)队丝。

- mask

1. If you mask your feelings, you deliberately do not show them in your behaviour, so that people cannot know what you really feel.

• Dena lit a cigarette, trying to mask her agitation.

德娜點(diǎn)燃了一根煙，試圖掩飾不安欲鹏。

2. If one thing masks another, it prevents people from noticing or recognizing the other thing.

• A thick grey cloud masked the sun...
  一片厚厚的烏云遮住了太陽(yáng)机久。
• The healthy trade figures mask a much gloomier picture.
  繁榮的貿(mào)易數(shù)據(jù)背后掩蓋著貿(mào)易極不景氣的真相。

- stark

1. Stark choices or statements are harsh and unpleasant.

• UK companies face a stark choice if they want to stay competitive...

英國(guó)公司如果想要保持競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力就不得不面對(duì)嚴(yán)峻的選擇赔嚎。

• In his celebration speech, he issued a stark warning to Washington and other Western capitals.

在他的慶祝演說(shuō)中膘盖，他向華盛頓和其他西方國(guó)家提出了嚴(yán)正警告。

2. If two things are in stark contrast to one another, they are very different from each other in a way that is very obvious.

• //...secret cooperation between London and Washington that was in stark contrast to official policy.

與官方的政策形成鮮明對(duì)比的倫敦和華盛頓之間的秘密合作

3. Something that is stark is very plain in appearance.

• //...the stark white, characterless fireplace in the drawing room.

客廳里簡(jiǎn)易的尤误、毫無(wú)特色的白色壁爐

- slump

1. ~ (by sth) | ~ (from sth) (to sth) to fall in price, value, number, etc., suddenly and by a large amount

• Sales have slumped this year.....今年銷售量銳減侠畔。

2. ~ (in sth) a sudden fall in sales, prices, the value of sth, etc.

• a slump in profits.....利潤(rùn)銳減

3. a period when a country's economy or a business is doing very badly

• the slump of the 1930s// ...... 20 世紀(jì) 30 年代的大蕭條
• The toy industry is in a slump. ...玩具業(yè)現(xiàn)在不景氣。

- havoc

Havoc is a noun that means devastation or total mayhem. Havoc often wreaked by hurricanes, angry mobs, plundering Vikings, and wild parties that get out of control.

• The floods caused havoc throughout the area.
  洪水給整個(gè)地區(qū)帶來(lái)了災(zāi)害损晤。
• Continuing strikes are beginning to play havoc with the national economy.
  持續(xù)的罷工開(kāi)始嚴(yán)重破壞國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)软棺。
• These insects can wreak havoc on crops.
  這些昆蟲(chóng)可嚴(yán)重危害農(nóng)作物。

- indebted

1. ~ (to sb) (for sth) (formal) grateful to sb for helping you

• I am deeply indebted to my family for all their help.
  我深深感激我的家人給我所有的幫助尤勋。

2. (of countries, governments, etc.) owing money to other countries or organizations

• a list of the fifteen most heavily indebted nations
  十五個(gè)負(fù)債最重的國(guó)家的名單

- write off

1. If someone writes off a debt or an amount of money that has been spent on a project, they accept that they are never going to get the money back.

• The president persuaded the West to write off Polish debts...

總統(tǒng)說(shuō)通西方免除波蘭的債務(wù)喘落。

2. If you write someone or something off, you decide that they are **unimportant or useless and that they are not worth further serious attention
   **

• His critics write him off as too cautious to succeed...

批評(píng)他的人不把他當(dāng)回事，認(rèn)為他太過(guò)謹(jǐn)慎最冰，不能成事瘦棋。

• Most voters care more about jobs and therefore the Government can write off voters motivated by environmental issues...

大多數(shù)選民更在乎工作，因此政府可以不必在意那些關(guān)注環(huán)境問(wèn)題的選民暖哨。

3. If you write off a plan or project, you accept that it is not going to be successful and do not continue with it.

• It's too soon to write off the whole consultation process as a failure...

現(xiàn)在就認(rèn)定整個(gè)磋商過(guò)程不成功而想要放棄還為時(shí)過(guò)早赌朋。

- deploy

1. to move soldiers or weapons into a position where they are ready for military action

• 2 000 troops were deployed in the area.
  那個(gè)地區(qū)部署了 2 000 人的部隊(duì)。

2. (formal) to use sth effectively

• to deploy arguments / resources
  利用論據(jù)/資源

- punch above one’s weight

1. To be in a situation that requires powers or abilities that one does not possess.

2. To be (temporarily) successful in such a situation.

【Origin】From boxing; a fighter who is punching above his weight is fighting an opponent who is heavier and more dominant.

• You're only a freshman, so take an intro class. Don't try to punch above your weight.

- disruptive

Anything disruptive is loud, chaotic, and disorderly. Disruptive things disturb people and upset the applecart. Have you ever heard a teacher tell a loud student "Stop being disruptive"? Things that are disruptive tend to disturb others. Kids whispering in class can be disruptive. A screaming baby on a plane can be disruptive. If you're trying to play baseball and it starts raining, that's disruptive as well. When you're trying to do something and a surprising event screws everything up, it can probably be described with the word disruptive.

- deregulate

Deregulate is a verb that means to take away the rules. When someone deregulates a soccer game, the game could become a muddy wrestling match without any rules to keep things on track.

• //...the need to deregulate the US airline industry...

撤銷對(duì)美國(guó)航空業(yè)管制的需要

• Once wholesale prices are deregulated, consumer prices will also rise.

一旦批發(fā)價(jià)格放開(kāi)鹿蜀，零售價(jià)格也會(huì)隨之上漲。

• deregulated financial markets
  放寬了管制的金融市場(chǎng)

- merit

Merit is another way of saying "deserve." The National Merit Scholarship program is based on merit––students whose SAT scores are high enough deserve to be in the program. If kids seems to be getting in who hadn't even taken the SATs––that would merit an investigation.
You will often hear the phrases merit-based promotion and merit-based pay, which come up when employees are pushing against a system in which time on the job––and not job performance––determines when workers are promoted and how much they are paid. Using the word merit suggests** impartiality and objectivity**––such as when you swear off a prejudiced approach to something and vow to "judge it on its merits."

- at first blush

as a first impression; when you first think about or see something

• At first blush it looks like any other car.
• at first blush the offer seemed attractive
  【Synonyms】 when first seen

- intermittent

Reach for the adjective intermittent to describe periodic movement and stopping and starting over a period of time.

- hydroelectric

Hydroelectric means relating to or involving electricity made from the energy of running water.

- plant

a factory or place where power is produced or an industrial process takes place

- shut sb / sth∽'out (of sth)

1. to prevent sb / sth from entering a place

• Mum, Ben keeps shutting me out of the bedroom!
  媽,本就是不讓我進(jìn)臥室服球！
• sunglasses that shut out 99% of the sun's harmful rays
  能遮擋 99% 的太陽(yáng)有害射線的太陽(yáng)鏡

2. to not allow a person to share or be part of your thoughts; to stop yourself from having particular feelings

• I wanted to shut John out of my life for ever.
  我想永遠(yuǎn)不讓約翰走進(jìn)我的生活茴恰。
• If you shut me out, how can I help you?
  如果你什么也不告訴我,我怎么幫你呢？

- doldrums

Doldrums aren’t drums that you can play like the tom-toms. Rather people use this noun to describe a period of time that is boring, depressing, or characterized by inactivity.
The noun doldrums is derived from the word dull. If you’ve been vegging out in front of the TV for hours, bored out of your mind, you might say you’re "in the doldrums." This word is often used in phrases describing a slump in the economy or as** in “the summer doldrums” **to describe the hot, lazy days of summer.

• The bond market normally revives after the summer doldrums.
  債券市場(chǎng)通常在夏天蕭條期后開(kāi)始復(fù)蘇斩熊。
• Despite these measures, the economy remains in the doldrums.
  盡管采取了這些措施,經(jīng)濟(jì)仍然停滯不前往枣。

- champion

As a verb, to champion means to protect or fight for something. You champion your little brother by defending him against meanies — no matter what, you are always on his side.

- tandby

a person or thing that can always be used if needed, for example if sb / sth else is not available or if there is an emergency

• I always keep a pizza in the freezer as a standby.
  我總會(huì)在冰箱里放一個(gè)比薩餅應(yīng)急。
• a standby electricity generator
  備用發(fā)電機(jī)

- economic / economical

Economic is all about how money works, but something economical is a good deal. You might take an economic studiesclass to understand the ebb and flow of cash in the world, but if you buy a used textbook for it, you're being economical.

• Economic appeared in the late 1500s, referring to household management, but its sense of relating to a country's wealth first appeared in the 1800s. It's still related to economics (the study of the transfer of wealth) or economy (a country's wealth), but not thrifty (that's the other one).
• Economical also showed up in the 1500s, referring to household management, but it refers to being thrifty or not wasteful, which is still the definition today.

- think-tank

A think-tank is a group of experts who are gathered together by an organization, especially by a government, in order to consider various

• //...Moscow's leading foreign policy think-tank.
  莫斯科首要的外交政策

- vicious

Vicious is an adjective that means intentionally harmful or nasty. If you spread vicious rumors about a person, you're telling people things that will hurt her feelings or ruin her reputation. Cut it out!

- deter

Deter means to** discourage**. Many believe that the use of capital punishment deters people from committing murder. Others think that is hogwash.

- portfolio

1. the range of products or services offered by a particular company or organization

• a portfolio of wines // 一系列葡萄酒

2. (finance ) a set of shares owned by a particular person or organization

• an investment / share portfolio
  投資/股份組合

- canibalise/canibalize

(business ) (of a company) to reduce the sales of one of its products by introducing a similar new product

- sector

a part of an area of activity, especially of a country's economy

• the manufacturing sector....制造業(yè)
• service-sector jobs (= in hotels, restaurants, etc.) 服務(wù)性行業(yè)的工作

- peg

[usually passive] ~ sth (at / to sth) to fix or keep prices, wages, etc. at a particular level

• Pay increases will be pegged at 5%.
  工資調(diào)升率將限定在 5%粉渠。
• Loan repayments are pegged to your income.
  分期付還貸款按你的收入計(jì)算分冈。

- buck

(informal) to resist or oppose sth

• One or two companies have managed to buck the trend of the recession.
  有一兩家公司頂住了經(jīng)濟(jì)滑坡的勢(shì)頭。
• He admired her willingness to buck the system (= oppose authority or rules).
  他贊賞她反抗現(xiàn)存體制的主動(dòng)性霸株。

- dry up

COME TO AN END if a supply of something dries up, it comes to an end and no more is available:

• Foreign investment may dry up.

- put

express or state sth in a particular way

• Put simply, we accept their offer or go bankrupt.
  簡(jiǎn)單地說(shuō)吧,我們要么接受他們的條件,要么破產(chǎn)雕沉。
• He was too trusting—or, to put it another way, he had no head for business.
  他太輕信人了——或者換個(gè)說(shuō)法,他沒(méi)有商業(yè)頭腦。
• The meat was— how shall I put it? —a little overdone.
  這肉嘛,怎么說(shuō)呢,做得稍微老了點(diǎn)兒去件。
• As T.S. Eliot puts it...
  正如 T·S· 艾略特所說(shuō)…

- eat into

1. If something eats into your time or your resources, it uses them, when they should be used for other things.

• Responsibilities at home and work eat into his time...

家庭和工作的雙重負(fù)擔(dān)耗

• Wages were rising faster than productivity and this was eating into profits.

工資的漲幅高過(guò)了生產(chǎn)率增長(zhǎng)的速度坡椒，從而消耗了利潤(rùn)所得扰路。

2. If a substance such as acid or rust eats into something, it destroys or damages its surface.

• Ulcers occur when the stomach's natural acids eat into the lining of the stomach.
  // 胃酸侵蝕胃內(nèi)壁引發(fā)潰瘍。

- incipient

Incipient means something is in an early stage of existence. In its incipient form, basketball was played with a soccer ball and peach baskets for goals. Bouncy orange balls and nets came later.
It is important to note that when something is in an incipient stage, there is a chance it will never come to completion. So be on the lookout for incipient trouble or an incipient crisis — you might be able to prevent it from happening.

- slash

[often passive] (often used in newspapers) to reduce sth by a large amount

• to slash costs / prices / fares, etc.
  大幅度降低成本倔叼、價(jià)格汗唱、車費(fèi)等
• The workforce has been slashed by half.
  職工人數(shù)裁減了一半。

- lucrative

producing a large amount of money; making a large profit

• a lucrative business / contract / market
  利潤(rùn)豐厚的生意/合同/市場(chǎng)

- package deal

A package deal(also package) is a set of offers or proposals which is made by a government or an organization, and which must be accepted or rejected as a whole.

• a benefits package ....// 一套福利措施
• an aid package ....// 綜合援助計(jì)劃

- so yesterday

Something which was once popular, until it went uber-mainstream, and has now become passé

• Grunge is so yesterday, get over it.

- liken

liken sth / sb to sth / sb
(formal) to compare one thing or person to another and say they are similar

• Life is often likened to a journey.
  人們常把人生比作旅程丈攒。

- upheaval

a big change that causes a lot of confusion, worry and problems
【SYN】 disruption :

• the latest upheavals in the education system
  最近教育制度上的種種變更
• a period of emotional upheaval
  情緒波動(dòng)很大的時(shí)期

- giant

a very large and powerful organization

• the multinational oil giants
  跨國(guó)大石油公司

- nibble away at sth

to take away small amounts of sth, so that the total amount is gradually reduced
**【SYN】 erode **

• Inflation is nibbling away at spending power.
  通貨膨脹正在慢慢地減弱消費(fèi)能力哩罪。

- doom

[usually passive] ~ sb / sth (to sth) to make sb / sth certain to fail, suffer, die, etc.

• The plan was doomed to failure.
  這個(gè)計(jì)劃注定要失敗。
• The marriage was doomed from the start.
  這樁婚姻從一開(kāi)始就注定要破裂巡验。

- scream blue murder

to shout or protest very loudly because you are very angry or feeling a lot of pain

• She screamed blue murder when they tried to give her the injection.

- fitful

happening only for short periods; not continuous or regular

• a fitful night's sleep 整夜斷斷續(xù)續(xù)的睡眠

- stall

Stall means to stop or delay. If your car stalls, it comes to a stop. When you want a horse to stop, you put him in a stall, or small enclosure inside a barn.

- unabated

/??n?'bet?d/ (formal) without becoming any less strong

• The rain continued unabated.
  雨勢(shì)一直沒(méi)減弱际插。

Day 9: Logical Lines

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Day 9 篤師示范-邏輯導(dǎo)圖.jpg

邏輯導(dǎo)圖繪制的思路：

• 其實(shí)第一眼看到篤師的邏輯圖有一種蒙圈的感覺(jué)，因?yàn)椴恢朗菓?yīng)該從哪里看深碱，所以看得很暈腹鹉，到自己做的時(shí)候，做了一個(gè)下午敷硅，寫(xiě)了3頁(yè)的筆記整理功咒，才畫(huà)出一個(gè)大概的邏輯圖，因?yàn)檫@篇文章是chronology的寫(xiě)作順序绞蹦，所以剛開(kāi)始在實(shí)在找不出作者邏輯的情況下力奋，我就選取了小標(biāo)題來(lái)做邏輯塊，連接起來(lái)做邏輯圖幽七，所以還算比較的清晰景殷。
• 文章最開(kāi)始設(shè)置了一個(gè)背景（Wildpoldsried），在這個(gè)大背景中澡屡，作者講了一個(gè)可再生能源帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題猿挚，就是由于它的penetration，utility的revenue發(fā)生了下降驶鹉，從而導(dǎo)致了可再生能源自斷其尾的現(xiàn)象绩蜻。
• 接著就開(kāi)始講這種現(xiàn)象出現(xiàn)的過(guò)程和原因等。
• 首先是第一個(gè)小標(biāo)題（Less deer, still disruptive）：在這個(gè)標(biāo)題下室埋，作者講了政府大力推行可再生能源之后办绝，所產(chǎn)生的一些影響，一方面使得可再生能源的成本不斷下降姚淆，另一方面孕蝉，就是打擊了化石能源的投資，使得這些人都涌向了可再生能源腌逢，然而降淮，可再生能源本身具有間歇性的缺陷，所以使得其他化石能源必須同時(shí)供應(yīng)或者備用搏讶。
• 所以這就產(chǎn)生了下面的一個(gè)問(wèn)題骤肛，也就是第三個(gè)標(biāo)題說(shuō)的死亡螺旋（From dull to death spiral）纳本。由于可再生能源市場(chǎng)份額越來(lái)越大，使得其擠占其他的化石能源腋颠，并將一些高價(jià)的生產(chǎn)商擠出市場(chǎng)繁成，然而可再生能源的價(jià)格也不是無(wú)限降低的，當(dāng)可再生能源份額達(dá)到100%淑玫，理論上來(lái)說(shuō)wholesale price會(huì)變成0巾腕，或者是負(fù)數(shù)，那么整個(gè)電力市場(chǎng)就會(huì)崩潰絮蒿。
• 接著就是兩個(gè)學(xué)者提出的兩個(gè)現(xiàn)象尊搬，一個(gè)叫vicious circle（也就是政府越是加強(qiáng)可再生能源的滲透，這個(gè)政策本身的效力越低）土涝，另一個(gè)就是death spiral（隨著自己能夠發(fā)電的人越來(lái)越多佛寿，會(huì)使得utility提高其他需要依靠化石能源的remain的價(jià)格，這就使得這些remain很多都離開(kāi)了Grid）但壮，也就是說(shuō)冀泻，由于可再生能源的推行，一方面使得投資商的減少（因?yàn)閮r(jià)格實(shí)在太低）蜡饵，而不斷降低的價(jià)格確實(shí)的資金的投資越來(lái)越重要弹渔，另一方面可再生能源的推行大大的減少了需求，使得其自斷其尾溯祸。
• 而第三個(gè)標(biāo)題（From dromedary to duck）肢专，則是通過(guò)具體的數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明可再生能源的一些問(wèn)題。同時(shí)也提出了一些相應(yīng)的解決方法焦辅。
• 最后一個(gè)小標(biāo)題（Waiting for enlightment）就是作者的一些感慨和期許博杖。可再生能源確實(shí)帶來(lái)了問(wèn)題筷登，但不意味著我們要放棄它剃根，而是應(yīng)該找到解決的一些方法。當(dāng)然是有很多的挑戰(zhàn)的仆抵，坐著也列舉出了其中的困難跟继，所以這個(gè)過(guò)程注定是緩慢的种冬。

Day 10: Summary

1. 聽(tīng)完邏輯導(dǎo)圖的講解之后的總結(jié)

今天聽(tīng)了篤師的講解之后镣丑，對(duì)比自己的邏輯圖，覺(jué)得這一次的篤師的邏輯圖做的真的是最棒的一次娱两，真心佩服安妮莺匠。尤其是安妮講的一個(gè)理念，就是將不變的東西先單獨(dú)列出來(lái)十兢，讓讀者明白整個(gè)運(yùn)作的過(guò)程趣竣，再在這個(gè)基礎(chǔ)上去畫(huà)邏輯圖摇庙，就會(huì)變得簡(jiǎn)潔很多，不需要在每個(gè)版塊里都單獨(dú)的再講一遍遥缕，就可以讓讀者明白里面的邏輯（因?yàn)檫@個(gè)作者反復(fù)的在每個(gè)標(biāo)題下在講消費(fèi)者, fosil fuel generators, renewables卫袒，grid and utility 和government之間的一些關(guān)系，所以當(dāng)時(shí)真的很糾結(jié)到底要怎么總結(jié)出來(lái)比較好）单匣。所以在聽(tīng)完安妮講解完之后夕凝，我再去看了安妮的邏輯圖，真的覺(jué)得一目了然户秤，尤其是左邊每一個(gè)框框里的總結(jié)码秉，非常的精煉，而且又抓住了重點(diǎn)鸡号，感覺(jué)比我那個(gè)彎來(lái)彎去的要好得多转砖。當(dāng)然，當(dāng)時(shí)我按照小標(biāo)題的順序來(lái)展開(kāi)也沒(méi)有什么問(wèn)題鲸伴，但是感覺(jué)不夠簡(jiǎn)潔府蔗，一些小細(xì)節(jié)還要進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)，概括能力也有待提高挑围。所以自己還有很大的進(jìn)步空間礁竞，要繼續(xù)努力~

2. 有關(guān)于詞匯和語(yǔ)法上的思考：

安妮在講解中講到的一點(diǎn)，就是有些作者在寫(xiě)作時(shí)候的用詞是和作者想要表達(dá)的一種語(yǔ)境或者畫(huà)面有關(guān)的杉辙，并不代表這個(gè)詞本身很高級(jí)或者很好模捂。這其實(shí)是我一個(gè)最大的疑問(wèn)，尤其是經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人蜘矢，有的時(shí)候狂男，一些作者寫(xiě)的文章感覺(jué)非常的“掉書(shū)袋”，有很多的詞語(yǔ)在查了字典之后品腹，都會(huì)在詞條后面岖食，標(biāo)注上【literary】，屬于文學(xué)上的用詞舞吭，所以我也不確定能不能用到自己的文章里面泡垃。所以今天在聽(tīng)了安妮的講解之后，深有同感羡鸥，有的詞確實(shí)是在這一篇文章中特有的蔑穴，作者為了表達(dá)一種自己的態(tài)度，或者描述一種比價(jià)文學(xué)性的畫(huà)面所用的詞語(yǔ)惧浴，要考慮相關(guān)的語(yǔ)境存和，有選擇性的使用。一些很妙的用法，很妙的詞捐腿，可以學(xué)著去鑒賞纵朋，然后去揣摩作者的意圖或者態(tài)度，我覺(jué)得這樣能夠更好的理解文章茄袖，久而久之的操软，在寫(xiě)作中，自己也能夠適當(dāng)?shù)倪\(yùn)用一些類似的文學(xué)性的語(yǔ)言宪祥。

還有講到的finance與fund的區(qū)別寺鸥，這個(gè)發(fā)散的思維我覺(jué)得很好，因?yàn)槲乙话愣际窃诓樯~的時(shí)候品山，里面有相關(guān)詞的鏈接胆建，會(huì)去進(jìn)一步的了解，但是聽(tīng)完安妮的講解之后肘交，感覺(jué)自己這個(gè)依賴性應(yīng)該改掉笆载，感覺(jué)自己想出來(lái)的，與自己學(xué)過(guò)的一些單詞進(jìn)行對(duì)比涯呻， 或者去進(jìn)一步搜索出來(lái)的凉驻，印象會(huì)更加的深刻，也會(huì)對(duì)進(jìn)一步的學(xué)習(xí)更有幫助复罐，所以在之后的學(xué)習(xí)中會(huì)進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)這一點(diǎn)習(xí)慣的養(yǎng)成涝登。

3. 三天的學(xué)習(xí)總結(jié)

這一次的任務(wù)3天的時(shí)間，感覺(jué)工作量好大效诅，一方面是因?yàn)榻?jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人的用詞造句比較的“藝術(shù)性”胀滚，使得我必須要進(jìn)一步的去理解，所以摘錄的單詞短語(yǔ)很多乱投，然后邏輯圖又弄了大半天咽笼，然后第三天認(rèn)真的聽(tīng)了安妮的講解，感覺(jué)整個(gè)人都被填充的滿滿的戚炫，其實(shí)我之前也會(huì)看經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人剑刑，但是沒(méi)有像這樣這么精細(xì)的做這些工作，所以之前多少會(huì)有走馬觀花的感覺(jué)吧双肤，但是經(jīng)過(guò)這3天的學(xué)習(xí)施掏，雖然任務(wù)很艱巨，但是學(xué)到了很多的東西茅糜，也更深的理解了文章的內(nèi)容七芭。每次看一個(gè)Topic, 就增長(zhǎng)了一些這方面的知識(shí)，比單純的看限匣，會(huì)更加的有深度抖苦，能夠?qū)W到的也更多，會(huì)比較有成就感米死。

所以锌历，接下來(lái)的任務(wù)也要認(rèn)真的學(xué)習(xí)，繼續(xù)的進(jìn)步~

Day 11: 附加閱讀任務(wù)

How to deal with the clean energy's dirty secrets?

1. 解決邊際成本幾乎為零的問(wèn)題

政府對(duì)可再生能源的補(bǔ)貼應(yīng)該視地域而定峦筒，對(duì)于不適合發(fā)展可再生能源的地域究西，政府減少補(bǔ)貼金額和相關(guān)的投資，而轉(zhuǎn)而給化石燃料發(fā)電的企業(yè)給予相關(guān)的補(bǔ)助和投資物喷，以此來(lái)平衡可再生能源在各個(gè)區(qū)域“獨(dú)大”的現(xiàn)象卤材。此外，政府可以指定可再生能源企業(yè)的稅率與產(chǎn)量掛鉤峦失，而非實(shí)際消費(fèi)量扇丛，以此來(lái)調(diào)整這些企業(yè)過(guò)量的生產(chǎn)，促使這些企業(yè)調(diào)整生產(chǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)尉辑。
此外帆精，政府應(yīng)該對(duì)不同地區(qū)可再生能源與其他電廠的數(shù)量進(jìn)行控制，以避免renewables generators 出現(xiàn)低效率運(yùn)營(yíng)泛濫的現(xiàn)象隧魄。比如A區(qū)不適合風(fēng)力和太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電的區(qū)域卓练，應(yīng)該規(guī)定這類發(fā)電廠的數(shù)量不能超過(guò)多少家，同時(shí)鼓勵(lì)其他有利于風(fēng)力發(fā)電和太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電的區(qū)域中（比如B區(qū)）的化石能源發(fā)電廠進(jìn)入A购啄，從而將資源進(jìn)行合理的分配襟企。

2. 解決定價(jià)的問(wèn)題

可再生能源由于邊際成本幾乎為零，所以價(jià)格低狮含，破壞了市場(chǎng)運(yùn)營(yíng)的機(jī)制顽悼，應(yīng)該破除可再生能源價(jià)格的壟斷，建立不完全競(jìng)爭(zhēng)市場(chǎng)几迄，使市場(chǎng)價(jià)格能夠反映真實(shí)的需求表蝙，從而使得可再生能源能夠合理定價(jià)。此外乓旗，可以按照具體的天氣情況采取“浮動(dòng)定價(jià)法”府蛇，使得價(jià)格與頻繁變動(dòng)的天氣情況掛鉤，讓其他非可再生能源發(fā)電廠能夠在電力市場(chǎng)中維持一定的市場(chǎng)份額屿愚。

3. 解決可再生能源的intermittence問(wèn)題

政府可以對(duì)那些能夠根據(jù)具體的天氣情況做出適當(dāng)調(diào)整的消費(fèi)者給予補(bǔ)貼汇跨，使得消費(fèi)者減少對(duì)“guaranteed renewables”的需求。
其次妆距，通過(guò)digitalization穷遂、smart meters and batteries來(lái)緩和需求，減少由于可再生能源intermittence所帶來(lái)的不利影響娱据。