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Goroutine:
- A lightweight thread managed by the GO runtime.
go f(x, y, z)
starts a new goroutine ruingf(x,y,z). - The evaluation of
x, y,zhappens in the current goroutine andfhappens in a new goroutine. - The share the same memory space. Be aware of the synchronization.
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Channel
- A typed conduit through which you can send and receive values with the channel operator `
ch <- v // send v to channel ch.
v: = <- ch //receive from ch, and assign to v. - Channels must be make before use
ch: = make(chan int). - Sends and receives block until the other side is ready. This allow goroutines to synchronize.
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Buffered Channels:
ch:= make (chan int, 100)- Buffered channel block only when the buffer is full (for sending) and empty(for reading).
- Range and Close: A sender can close a channel to indicate no more to send.
- Receiver can test whether a channel has been closed by assigning a second parameter.
v, ok :=<- ch
ok is false if the channel is closed. - The loop
for i:= range
receives values from the channel repeatedly until it is closed.
- Receiver can test whether a channel has been closed by assigning a second parameter.
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Close
- The select lets a goroutine wait on multiple communication operations.
- The select block until one of its case can run
- It choose one at random if more than one is ready.
- Default: The default case in a select is run if no other case is ready.
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sync.Mutexmux sync.Mutex mux.Lock() mux.Unlock()
