Living conditions around the world vary from country to country.世界各地的生活條件因國而異
Some countries have very large economies, but the majority of their citizens are poor.一些國家有很大的經(jīng)濟體但他們大部分的公民是窮的
Other countries have smaller economies, but the majority of their citizens are not poor.其它的國家經(jīng)濟體很小朵栖，但他們的大部分公民并不貧窮
So the size of a country's economy isn't the only factor that determines how wealthy its citizens are.因此一個國家的經(jīng)濟規(guī)模不是決定它的公民財富唯一的因素
The size of its population is also an important factor.它的人口規(guī)模也是一個重要的因素
Another factor is how a country's wealth is distributed between the rich and the poor.另一個因素是一個國家財富在窮人和富人之間的分布
Let's look at some examples.讓我們看一些例子
This chart shows the world's 5 largest economies in 2015.這張圖顯示了2015年世界的5大經(jīng)濟體
It ranks the countries by their Gross Domestic Product, or GDP.它通過國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值對這些國家進行排名
The GDP is one way of measuring the size of an economy.國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值是衡量一個經(jīng)濟體規(guī)模的一個方法
It is the total value of the goods and services produced in a country in a year.它是一個國家一年生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)的總值
As you can see, according to this chart, the US and China had the largest economies.如你所見，根據(jù)這張圖，美國和中國有最大的經(jīng)濟體
According to the chart, India had the third largest economy in the world.根據(jù)這張圖，印度在世界上第三大經(jīng)濟體
Its economy was bigger than Japan's.它的經(jīng)濟比日本的大
However, the average living conditions in Japan are much higher than in India.然而，在日本平均生活條件比印度高
One reason for this is the difference in population.這樣的一個原因是人口的不同
India has a much larger population, so its wealth is distributed among a much larger number of people.印度有更大的人口，因此他的財富被分布在更多的人口中
You can find this information by checking a country's GDP per capita.你能通過檢查一個國家的人均GDP能發(fā)現(xiàn)這個信息
Per capita means per person.每頭意思是沒人
If two countries have the same GDP, but one country has half the number of people, its GDP per capita is twice as large.如果兩個國家有相同的GDP，但一個國家有一半的人口侥猩，它的人均GDP是兩倍
Another important factor is how the wealth of a country is shared.其它重要的因素是一個國家的財富是怎樣分配的
In some countries much of the wealth is concentrated in just a few people.在一些國家更多的財富被集中在很少的人中
For example, in the US, just 5% of the population had more than 70% of the wealth!例如，在美國抵赢，僅5%的人口有超過財富的70%
This shows that many US citizens are not wealthy despite the size of their economy.這顯示盡管他們的經(jīng)濟很龐大但許多美國公民并不富有
In fact, the wealth share held by the wealthiest 10% was more than 10 times bigger than the rest of the population.事實上欺劳，最富有的10%的人擁有的財富是其它人口的10倍
（One reason is that Japan's population is much smaller than India's.）
