1
易錯(cuò)知識點(diǎn)清單
1. 確數(shù)和約數(shù)
(1) 當(dāng)我們說“幾百”杖剪、“幾千”這樣一些確數(shù)時(shí),“百”聋呢、“千”是不能用復(fù)數(shù)形式的诡壁。結(jié)構(gòu)是:數(shù)詞+hundred/thousand/million/billion+名詞復(fù)數(shù) 如:
five hundred五百; three thousand三千; two million兩百萬; six billion六十億洪橘。
(2)當(dāng)hundred,thousand,million加上s后,它們就成了概數(shù)跪者,表示“數(shù)百”、“數(shù)千”熄求、“數(shù)百萬”等概念渣玲。而且通常接of,表示“成百的”,“數(shù)以千計(jì)的”,“成千上萬的”,“億萬的”等弟晚。結(jié)構(gòu)是:
hundreds/thousands/millions/billions+of+名詞復(fù)數(shù)忘衍。如:
hundreds of new tall buildings數(shù)以百計(jì)的新高樓逾苫;thousands of students數(shù)以千計(jì)的學(xué)生;millions of people數(shù)以百萬計(jì)的人枚钓。
2. 數(shù)詞和冠詞的關(guān)系
(1)一般情況下铅搓,序數(shù)詞前要加定冠詞the,但基數(shù)詞前不加冠詞搀捷。如:
He failed in the first try.他第一次嘗試失敗了星掰。
My number is forty-nine.我的號碼是49。
(2)a/an+序數(shù)詞嫩舟,表示“又一氢烘、再一”。如:
The monkey ate a second banana.
這只小猴又吃了一根香蕉家厌。
(3)of the+基數(shù)詞播玖,表示“范圍”。如:
You can choose a toy of the two as a birthday present.
你可以在這兩個(gè)玩具中選一個(gè)作為生日禮物像街。
3. “數(shù)詞+more”與“another+數(shù)詞”
(1) 表“另外的”another要放在數(shù)詞前黎棠。如:
Mr Smith asked me to fetch another three CDs.
史密斯先生讓我再拿三張CD。
(2) more一般位于數(shù)詞之后名詞前镰绎,有時(shí)也可置于名詞之后脓斩。如:
She has got five more pens.她還有五支鋼筆。
(3) more除跟數(shù)詞外,還可與a little,a few,a lot,several等詞連用畴栖,而且名詞也可以是不可數(shù)名詞随静。如:
I'd like to buy a few more books.我想再買幾本書。
There are many more dictionaries on the desk.課桌上有許多詞典吗讶。
Would you like some more tea?再喝點(diǎn)茶好嗎?
2
提分策略
英語中的數(shù)詞看似簡單,實(shí)際上運(yùn)用時(shí)并不簡單,有很多需要注意的地方燎猛。近幾年中考對數(shù)詞的考查主要集中在基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的辨析用法上。日期照皆、時(shí)間和分?jǐn)?shù)也是中考考查的考點(diǎn)重绷。數(shù)詞考查往往與其他知識點(diǎn)考查結(jié)合進(jìn)行,如主謂一致等膜毁。正確解答數(shù)詞有關(guān)問題昭卓,需要熟記基本詞匯,掌握一定解題策略瘟滨。
1. 熟練掌握基礎(chǔ)知識
在復(fù)習(xí)過程中候醒,要系統(tǒng)歸納、掌握數(shù)詞的構(gòu)詞法以及各類數(shù)詞的基本用法杂瘸。特別是日期倒淫、時(shí)刻、年齡败玉、分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)形式敌土。這樣解題才能得心應(yīng)手镜硕。
【例1】 (2014·廣東·29)It's never too old to learn. Karl Marx began to learn English in his .
A. the fiftieth B. fiftieth C. fifty D. fifties
【解析】 考查數(shù)詞的用法。短語“in one's+數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式”表示“在某人多少歲的時(shí)候”纯赎。此處表示“馬克思在五十多歲時(shí)開始學(xué)英語谦疾。”故選D犬金。
【答案】 D
【例2】 (2013·湖北恩施·23)Lindu's mother looks young,but actually she is in her .
A. sixties B. sixtieth C. sixty years old
【解析】 考查數(shù)詞用法דin one's+表示幾十的基數(shù)詞”是固定短語晚顷,意為“大約幾十歲”,此處表示在六十到七十之間疗疟。故選A该默。
【答案】 A
2. 巧用排除法
在考查數(shù)詞時(shí),有時(shí)所給選項(xiàng)非常相似策彤。解題時(shí)栓袖,首先通過題干摸清出題人的考查意圖,然后運(yùn)用所學(xué)基本知識店诗,排除所有不適合的選項(xiàng)裹刮。
【例】(2013·云南·29)—How many people were invited to the meeting?
—About six .
A. hundred B. hundreds
C. hundred of D. hundreds of
【解析】 本題考查基數(shù)詞的基本用法。表達(dá)確數(shù)時(shí)庞瘸,hundred,thousand,million等詞不能加s捧弃。首先排除B、D擦囊。但是表示約數(shù)時(shí),hundred,thousand,million等詞與of連用,必須加s违霞。這樣又可以排除C。答案自然就是A瞬场。
【答案】 A
3
專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練
1. (2014·上海奉賢區(qū)·32) of the city was covered with the heavy smog.
A. Two-third B. Two-thirds
C. Two-three D. Two-threes
2. (2014·廣東深圳 · 11)—I am afraid that we need .
—Haven't you finished the work yet? It you such a long time.
A. two another hours;cost B. more two hours;spends
C. two hours more;pays D. another two hours;takes
3. (2014·內(nèi)蒙古赤峰·36)—When did you have your school trip?
— .
A. In five days B. For five days
C. Twice a day D. Five days ago
4. (2013·江蘇南京)I don't believe that this boy can paint such a nice picture.
A. five years old B. five-years-old
C. five-year-old D. five years' old
5. (2013·云南)“What's the English for ‘6∶10'?” “It's .”
A. six ten B. ten six
C. ten to six D. six past ten
6. (2013·山西)—Li Jiacheng plans to give of his money to the charity.
—Really? What a kind man he is!
A. one third B. one three C. one thirds
7. (2013·四川綿陽)There are teachers in our school, of them are women teachers.
A. two hundreds;three fourth
B. two hundred;three fourths
C. two hundred;three forths
8. (2013·天津)Nearly of the earth covered by sea.
A. three fourth;is B. three fourths;is
C. three fourth;are D. three fourths;are
【答案與解析】
1. B 解析:考查分?jǐn)?shù)的用法买鸽。分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)方式是,分子用基數(shù)詞贯被,分母用序數(shù)詞眼五。分子超過2時(shí),分母要復(fù)數(shù)形式刃榨。故選B弹砚。
2. D 解析:考查數(shù)詞、名詞和代詞的用法枢希∽莱裕“再需要兩個(gè)小時(shí)”,應(yīng)該用“need another+數(shù)詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)“危“It takes sb. some time(花費(fèi)某人一段時(shí)間)”是固定句型茅诱。故選D逗物。
3. D 解析:考查交際應(yīng)答。疑問句是詢問對方什么時(shí)候進(jìn)行校際旅游的,應(yīng)答句應(yīng)該用表示過去的時(shí)間狀語瑟俭,不是“五天以后”翎卓、“五天”或“一天兩次”。故選D摆寄。
4. C 解析:考查復(fù)合形容詞的用法失暴。five-year-old這類復(fù)合詞可以用作形容詞,意為“五歲的”微饥,并且其中表示計(jì)量的名詞(如year,month等)總是用單數(shù)形式逗扒。這類結(jié)構(gòu)通常用作前置定語,不用作表語(作表語時(shí)可改用seven years old這樣的形式)欠橘,排除B項(xiàng)矩肩。又因?yàn)閒ive years old在句中作表語,也排除肃续,修飾boy只能用five-year-old黍檩。故選C。
5. A 解析:考查時(shí)間的讀法始锚。按英語的習(xí)慣刽酱,順讀法表示時(shí)間直接說即可,six ten符合題意要求疼蛾。其他三項(xiàng)均不合乎題意肛跌,應(yīng)該排除。故正確答案選A察郁。
6. A 解析:考查分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)衍慎。英語分?jǐn)?shù)詞常用基數(shù)詞作分子,用序數(shù)詞作分母皮钠。分子超過一時(shí)稳捆,分母用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故選A麦轰。
7. B 解析:考查數(shù)詞的用法乔夯。hundred與具體數(shù)字連用時(shí),用單數(shù)款侵。分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)法:在表達(dá)分?jǐn)?shù)時(shí)末荐,分子用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞新锈,分子大于一時(shí)甲脏,分母用復(fù)數(shù)。故選B。
8. B 解析:考查分?jǐn)?shù)及主謂一致的用法块请。句意:地球?qū)⒔姆种缓Q笏采w娜氏。表示分?jǐn)?shù)時(shí),按英語的習(xí)慣,分子大于“1”,分母加“s”墩新。另外贸弥,主語指的是一部分,看作一個(gè)整體海渊,因此謂語動詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù)绵疲。符合句意要求的應(yīng)該是B,其他三項(xiàng)均不合題意臣疑,應(yīng)該排除最岗。故選B。