原創(chuàng) ?2016-05-17 ?旗渡譯審分享 ??
Insolvency和Bankruptcy在詞典中的釋義均包含“破產(chǎn)”团甲,在翻譯合同的過程中馅而,我們大多使用的都是后者(Bankruptcy)祥诽,但有時也會看到有使用前者(Insolvency)的情況,那么前者是否等同于后者瓮恭,似乎不太能解釋清楚雄坪,我搜集了一些資料供大家參考,以了解二者之間的區(qū)別屯蹦,為了便于理解维哈,旗渡歸納為三點:
(1) 因地域不同而有所差異。
Insolvency在英國通常只能用于公司登澜,?不用于個人阔挠。例句:Their company was in a state of insolvency.(他們的公司處于破產(chǎn)狀態(tài))。但在美國脑蠕,這種區(qū)別似乎已逐漸消失购撼。比如,一個破產(chǎn)的人谴仙,可以用an insolvent person迂求。當(dāng)insolvent作名詞用時,指的就是“破產(chǎn)的人”晃跺。
Bankruptcy?既可用于公司揩局、企業(yè),也可以用于個人哼审。例句:Several local companies have gone bankrupt.(當(dāng)?shù)貛准夜疽呀?jīng)破產(chǎn))谐腰;The court declared him bankrupt.(法庭宣告他破產(chǎn))孕豹,都是正確的用法。來自維基百科的下列釋義十气,也可以很好地體現(xiàn)這一點:Bankruptcy?is a legal status of aperson orother entitythat cannot repay the debts it owes tocreditors.
下面兩段話均來自國外的一個相關(guān)社區(qū)(Ehow)励背,分別講了二者之間的不同之處:
(2) “Insolvency and Bankruptcy?denote cases in which an individual or a company possesses insufficient funds to pay off debts or pay debts as they arise. The primary difference in these terms is legal. An individual or company can be insolvent without being legally insolvent, but bankruptcy is the exclusive providence of the courts; no person or company is bankrupt without being legally declared so.”
這一段主要說Insolvency可以不通過法律上宣告破產(chǎn)而破產(chǎn),但是Bankruptcy需要法律上宣告才成立。
(3) “The terms further differ in that the payment of debts via liquidation or future capital is required in the case of bankruptcy but not so in insolvency”
這一段主要說Bankruptcy需要以清算或?qū)淼馁Y金償債钱反,而Insolvency不需要眷昆。