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作者簡介：
Evan Y
芝加哥大學(xué)?|哲學(xué)學(xué)士
Evan目前是德國法蘭克福大學(xué)的富布萊特訪問學(xué)者馁启。出生于紐約，他以優(yōu)異的成績從芝加哥大學(xué)畢業(yè)芍秆，并獲哲學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位惯疙；同時，他也正在權(quán)衡手中兩封分別來自英國牛津大學(xué)和劍橋大學(xué)的研究生錄取信函妖啥。Evan是一個極富激情的公共演說家霉颠，曾獲紐約州冠軍辯手稱號，且在芝加哥大學(xué)2012年畢業(yè)典禮上作為學(xué)生代表發(fā)表演講荆虱。在不久的將來蒿偎，他將繼續(xù)為獲得政治學(xué)博士而做出不懈奮斗。課余時間怀读，他會抽空學(xué)習(xí)法語诉位、旅游，更是阿森納俱樂部的一位鐵桿粉絲菜枷。【>>>查看更多】
正文：
In order to come up with a concrete plan about your application strategy, the most useful tool is the “Safety/Match/Reach” list. You may come across these general terms but I’m going to explain how to use them to your benefit.?
關(guān)于大學(xué)申請策略的具體方案苍糠，我認(rèn)為最有用的方法就是按“保底/匹配/沖刺”三原則走。這幾個術(shù)語可能你會在其他地方碰到啤誊，但我仍想在此解釋一下椿息，希望對你們有所幫助歹袁。
The point of an SMR list is to get you to think strategically about where you’re applying. You should apply broadly and to as many schools as possible—somewhere between 5 and 20 is probably the right number. If you’re applying to more than 20 you may be spreading yourself too thin, and less than 5 might leave you without any acceptances. To avoid this problem, think about things this way:
此“安全/匹配/沖刺”三原則是為了幫助你戰(zhàn)略性的來思考你想申請的學(xué)校。申請時學(xué)校選擇面要廣一些寝优，盡可能多申請条舔，大概控制在五到二十所學(xué)校比較合適。一旦申請的學(xué)校超出了20所乏矾，你的精力就過于分散孟抗；申請的學(xué)校若五所都不到，那有可能一所都不被錄取钻心。為了避免這個問題凄硼，你可以按下面這種方式來思考：
The Safeties:?
They’re called “safeties” because they’re safe. Pick 3 schools that you are certain you should get in. How do you figure that out? The easiest way is by looking at numbers. If you are above average for the school’s admitted SAT/ACT and GPA (grade point average), you have a strong chance. If you are in the upper quartile, it’s a safety. So let’s say you have a 2200 SAT and a 3.5, and College X’s average is 2100 and 3.4. That’s not quite a safety—you can’t guarantee you’ll be accepted. But if the average is closer to 2000 and a 3.3, then it would likely be a safety. The general rule for safeties is: ‘if I didn’t get into this school, I would be surprised’.
安全學(xué)校（即保底學(xué)校）：
之所以成為安全學(xué)校是因為申請這類學(xué)校是安全的、沒什么風(fēng)險捷沸。選擇三所你確信會被錄取的學(xué)校摊沉。那如何選擇呢？最簡單的方法就是看數(shù)字痒给。如果你的SAT或ACT成績以及在校平均成績高于某學(xué)校的平均錄取水平说墨，你被錄取的幾率就非常大。如果你的成績排在此學(xué)校的前四分之一苍柏，那么此學(xué)校就是你的安全選擇尼斧。舉個例子，比如你的SAT成績是2200试吁，平均績點是3.5棺棵，X學(xué)校被錄學(xué)生的SAT成績平均是2100，平均績點是3.4,熄捍。此學(xué)校就不能說是你的安全選擇烛恤，也就是說你無法確保你會被錄取。但如果此學(xué)校的平均水平是SAT不到2000余耽，績點接近3.3缚柏，這學(xué)校就可以算是你的安全選擇。安全學(xué)校的一般定律是：如果我沒被錄取宾添，那真的太讓我意外了。
The Match:?
These are schools whose average is right around your numbers. If you think you are a qualified candidate and your numbers match up closely with their numbers, ?it’s a match. The general rule would be ‘I’d be unlucky not to get in’.
匹配學(xué)校：
這是指那些錄取學(xué)生的各項平均水平和你的個人情況相匹配的學(xué)校柜裸。如果你覺得自己是合格的候選人缕陕，同時你的各項成績都和以往被錄的學(xué)生相差無幾，這就說明此學(xué)校和你的能力是相匹配的疙挺。匹配學(xué)校的基本定律是：如果沒被錄取扛邑，那純是運氣太差。
The Reach:?
A college is a reach if your numbers are less than their average. Some schools are a reach for everyone—the top 10 hardest schools to get into. The rule here is, ‘I hope to get in here but I’m not going to bet on it’.
沖刺學(xué)校
如果你的各項成績比對方學(xué)校所錄學(xué)生的平均水平略遜一籌铐然，那此學(xué)校就是沖刺學(xué)校蔬崩。有些學(xué)校對任何人來說都是屬于沖刺的恶座，比如前十所最難進的學(xué)校。這里的準(zhǔn)則是：我希望能被錄取但我并無任何把握沥阳。
So What do I do now?
Do your research and come up with three schools that fit each column based on your numbers and credentials: 3 safeties, 3 matches, and 3 reaches. The point of this system is that you don’t put all your eggs in one basket. Applying to only safeties or only reaches is a bad idea. A good applicant diversifies their chances, while not going overboard and applying to too many schools. This list doesn’t need to be final but it is the first step in a successful admissions cycle.?
那現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該做什么呢跨琳？
研究一下大學(xué)情況吧，根據(jù)你自己的成績和獎項各選出三所學(xué)校來對應(yīng)以上三類：三所保底的桐罕、三所匹配的脉让、三所沖刺的。此方法的目的是告訴你要給自己留退路功炮，別在一棵樹上吊死溅潜。只申請保底學(xué)校或沖刺學(xué)校都是不可取的薪伏。明智的申請者會給自己多種機會滚澜，同時也不會申請過多學(xué)校。在申請各個環(huán)節(jié)中嫁怀，這個“保底/匹配/沖刺”原則不一定會起決定作用但卻是申請成功的第一步设捐。
