前言
本人是做產(chǎn)品出身的它浅，所以非常清楚《人機(jī)交互》對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)一款iOS產(chǎn)品的重要性拌消。甚至覺(jué)得，沒(méi)完整看過(guò)兩遍的人沒(méi)有資格做iOS應(yīng)用開(kāi)發(fā)酗失，不管是做產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)還是研發(fā)人員义钉，再怎么強(qiáng)調(diào)它的重要性也不為過(guò)。但同時(shí)我也在思考：為什么蘋果提供這么全的指南规肴，大家還是不太愿意去閱讀捶闸？除了因?yàn)槭侨⑽闹猓赡苁翘^(guò)于枯燥無(wú)味拖刃，就像看所有的官方文檔一樣删壮。因此我希望結(jié)合自己做產(chǎn)品的一些經(jīng)驗(yàn)，提煉出iOS人機(jī)交互指南的重要內(nèi)容兑牡。希望對(duì)那些不想看官方文檔醉锅，但又想多了解的人帶來(lái)些幫助。
人機(jī)交互指南官網(wǎng)鏈接： iOS Human Interface Guidelines
解讀版本為：iOS10
設(shè)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則
1.Aesthetic Integrity 美學(xué)完整性
Apple: Aesthetic integrity represents how well an app’s appearance and behavior integrate with its function. For example, an app that helps people perform a serious task can keep them focused by using subtle, unobtrusive graphics, standard controls, and predictable behaviors. On the other hand, an immersive app, such as a game, can deliver a captivating appearance that promises fun and excitement, while encouraging discovery.
對(duì)于工具式和沉浸式應(yīng)用提供符合自身的設(shè)計(jì)方式发绢，對(duì)整體的設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)該有所傾向硬耍。工具式應(yīng)該注重用戶的使用效率，通過(guò)通用的圖標(biāo)和可被預(yù)期的操作來(lái)降低使用門檻边酒，從而提高效率经柴。而沉浸式的應(yīng)用（例如游戲）應(yīng)該為用戶提供更多想象空間，例如更精美的畫面和新穎的玩法墩朦。所謂的美學(xué)完整性應(yīng)該是要符合當(dāng)前形式（應(yīng)用類型）的美學(xué)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)坯认。
2.Consistency一致性
Apple: A consistent app implements familiar standards and paradigms by using system-provided interface elements, well-known icons, standard text styles, and uniform terminology. The app incorporates features and behaviors in ways people expect.
應(yīng)該包括應(yīng)用內(nèi)部的一致性，以及與iOS系統(tǒng)操作的一致性。包括使用系統(tǒng)自帶的圖標(biāo)牛哺、通用的術(shù)語(yǔ)等陋气。應(yīng)該強(qiáng)調(diào)用戶的功能和交互的可預(yù)知性。
3.Direct Manipulation直接操作
Apple: The direct manipulation of onscreen content engages people and facilitates understanding. Users experience direct manipulation when they rotate the device or use gestures to affect onscreen content. Through direct manipulation, they can see the immediate, visible results of their actions.
用戶無(wú)需借助其他介質(zhì)引润，可在界面上直接進(jìn)行操作巩趁，包括對(duì)屏幕旋轉(zhuǎn)的響應(yīng)。直接操作強(qiáng)調(diào)用戶可見(jiàn)即可操作的原則淳附。
4.Feedback反饋
Apple: Feedback acknowledges actions and shows results to keep people informed. The built-in iOS apps provide perceptible feedback in response to every user action. Interactive elements are highlighted briefly when tapped, progress indicators communicate the status of long-running operations, and animation and sound help clarify the results of actions.
針對(duì)用戶的操作進(jìn)行反饋议慰，例如按鈕按下后進(jìn)行高亮。良好的應(yīng)用設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)該是奴曙，能夠?yàn)橛脩籼峁┘磿r(shí)别凹、可預(yù)知、可感知的操作反饋洽糟。人機(jī)交互中最重要的一點(diǎn)是炉菲，讓用戶感覺(jué)TA是在跟一個(gè)人進(jìn)行交流而不是跟一臺(tái)機(jī)器交流。
5.Metaphors隱喻
Apple: People learn more quickly when an app’s virtual objects and actions are metaphors for familiar experiences—whether rooted in the real or digital world. Metaphors work well in iOS because people physically interact with the screen. They move views out of the way to expose content beneath. They drag and swipe content. They toggle switches, move sliders, and scroll through picker values. They even flick through pages of books and magazines.
類比用戶熟悉的操作坤溃。當(dāng)應(yīng)用內(nèi)操作與用戶過(guò)往經(jīng)驗(yàn)類似拍霜，他們就能快速地學(xué)習(xí)各種操作，有更好的體驗(yàn)浇雹。這些參考可以來(lái)自于現(xiàn)實(shí)世界或者電子世界。（這可能就是喬幫主喜歡擬物化的原因）
6.UserControl用戶控制
Apple: Throughout iOS, people—not apps—are in control. An app can suggest a course of action or warn about dangerous consequences, but it’s usually a mistake for the app to take over the decision-making. The best apps find the correct balance between enabling users and avoiding unwanted outcomes. An app can make people feel like they’re in control by keeping interactive elements familiar and predictable, confirming destructive actions, and making it easy to cancel operations, even when they’re already underway.
可控性屿讽。對(duì)用戶來(lái)說(shuō)昭灵，應(yīng)用進(jìn)行的一切操作都在可控范圍內(nèi)，包括數(shù)據(jù)的獲取伐谈、更新烂完、刪除，都有诵棵、應(yīng)該讓用戶覺(jué)得一切信息都是透明的抠蚣。產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)人員需考慮：什么操作都彈窗詢問(wèn)用戶與什么操作都默默進(jìn)行，這兩者之間要如何做到平衡履澳。實(shí)際上嘶窄，什么都問(wèn)就等于什么都沒(méi)有問(wèn)【啻可控性不應(yīng)該妨礙用戶體驗(yàn)柄冲。
