The Complexities of?privately developed" attractions?: The Rise?of?Privately?Developed?Scenic?Spots and Their Impact on?Society

Xizi Zhang ???The High?School affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University

abstract

For a long time, the tourism industry has been?one?of?Xi'an's?proud?industries; As a?leading?internet?celebrity?city?in the?country, the tourism?industry has?greatly?driven?the?development?and?display?of?the?local?economy,?as?well?as?promoted?the?local?culture?and?environmental?construction.?However,?the?rapid?development?of tourism?in this?city has?also?given rise to?some?local?industries?that?are?on?the?gray?edge;?This?study will focus on how the industrial chain of?artificially?replicating?fake?scenic?spots?("privately developed"?scenic?spots) can?achieve?a balance between the?grey?economy?and the?formal?market.?By?constructing?a?grey?economy model,?answer?the?following?question?about?this phenomenon:?How?do?fake?tourist?attractions?that?create?artificial?replicas ?("privately ?developed" ?tourist ?attractions) ?operate? ?How ?do ?they??strike ?a?balance?between?the?grey?economy?and?the?normal?market??What?kind?of long-term?social?impact?will?they?have,?and?what?kind?of position?will?they?be?in?in?the?future??By exploring the internal workings of?these pseudo?scenic?spots,?we?can?gain?a?deeper?understanding?of?how?they?operate,?how?they?manage?to?sustain?themselves?in?the?grey?economy,?and the potential?impact?they may have?on?society.?By?analyzing?their?operations,?we?can?also?gain?a?deeper?understanding?of how?they?can?better?integrate?into?mainstream?markets,?ensuring?that?all?participants?have?a?more?sustainable?and?positive future.

Introduction

At present, tourism has become the fastest developing industry?in?China's?tertiary?industry and even in the national?economy.?In?2017,?the?total?tourism?revenue?reached?5.40?trillion yuan,?up?by?15.?1%,?accounting?for?11.04%?of the?total?GDP(Zhang?Xin,?2021)and?The most important driving force for the?development?of?tourism?in?Shaanxi?Province?is?the?rapid?development?of social?economy?in?Shaanxi?province.?The?rapid?economic?development?makes?people's?life?become?rich?and?prosperous,?and?then?have a strong desire?for tourism.（Zhang Xin,?2021）Recently,?some places?without the?permission?of?the?relevant?departments?to?set?up?private?"scenic?spots",?the?special?rectification ?work ?plan ??of ?the ?problem ??of ?private??"scenic??spots"??gives ??a??clear?definition,?that?is,?without?the?permission?of?the?relevant?departments,?in?a?certain?place?or?area,?illegal?to?provide?tourist?services,?illegal?tourism?business?activities.?Specific ?manifestations: ?unlicensed ?operation, ?disturbing ?the ?order ?of?the ?tourism market;?collecting?the?ticket?fees?without?permission,?building?tourist?facilities?and?destroying?the?ecological?environment;?operating?high-risk?tourism?projects?without?license?and?having?potential?tourism?safety?risks;?false?publicity,?cheating?customers?and?harming?the?legitimate?rights?and?interests?of?tourists;?changing?land?use?and?carrying??out??tourism??operation;??other??providing??tourism??services??in??violation??of regulations,resulting ?in ?tourism ?chaos, ?cheated??tourists??reflect??strongly.As??a??gray?industrial chain, the artificial replica attractions make?countless tourists?spend?"wasted?money"?through?false?publicity,?which?is?undoubtedly?a?smear?for?the?local?tourism?industry."White"?means?that?the?information?is?completely?clear,?"black"?means?that

the?information?is?uncertain,?"Gray"?means?that?some?information?is?clear?and?some?information??is ?unclear.For ?tourism,??these??phenomena ??are??undoubtedly ??the??gray?economy?that?affects?the?operation?and?publicity?of other?normal?scenic?spots?in?the?city;?in?essence,?the?gray?economic?activity?consists?of legal?economic?behavior,?but?does not pay taxes to the government or comply with government?regulations?(Suquan?Xu,?2008),?so?it?is?usually?called?"informal"?economy.The?grey?economy,?the?reason?for its existence, is clear, because there are many benefits?to?economic?activities?out?of?sight.?First,?do?not?report?income,?so?you?can?avoid?income?tax.?Secondly, not?to?pay?social?security?reduces?the?cost?of human?wages?to?enrich?themselves, because?social?security ?usually ?takes ?a??large??amount??between??after-tax??income??and??payroll.??In?addition, ?employers ?can ?save??money??on??reduced??labor ?protection,??environmental?protection, ?and ?employee ?health??insurance??payments,??not??to??mention??intellectual property ?issues.(Suquan ?Xu, ?2008) ?For ?the ?private ?scenic ?spots ?discussed??in ?this?institute, the?false?advertising,?consumer?fraud?is?found by the?Bureau?of fake?private?attractions?in?Xi'an.The?profound?heritage?of the?ancient?capital?of thirteen?dynasties?gives??Shaanxi ?the ?title??of??"Museum ??of ?Chinese ?Natural??History".??Back ??at ?the beginning of?tourism in the?1980s. With the famous?cultural tourism?resources?such?as?the?Terracotta?Warriors?and?horses,?the?Big?Wild?Goose?Pagoda?and?the?ancient?city?wall,?Shaanxi?has?become?a?major?tourism?province?and?enjoys?a?good?reputation?at?home?and?abroad.?But?its?tourism?product?structure?is?relatively?single?and?similar.?（Zhao?Hui,?Liu?Lianhua,?Yang?Ni,?2007)?For?many?years,?Shaanxi?is?basically?the?cultural?relics?tourism?as?the?main?tourism?products.?As?a?result,?among?the?private?scenic spots in Xi'an, the site?of?cultural relics.

Macroscopically, the prevalence?of?the grey?economy?affects the entire?economy.?The?answer?is?a?new?study?from?McKinsey?Global?Research,?done?by?Ferrell?et?al.?The??price??that??people??pay??for??the??underground??economy??is??low??productivity.?Underground?companies?are?always?happy?to?stay?small?and?go?their?own?way?to?avoid government regulation. However, their?small?size?limits?their?ability?to?use?new?technologies?and?try?new business?opportunities.?The?expansion?of the?grey?economy?means?the?loss?of government?revenue,?which?then?leads?to the?insufficient?supply?of?public goods to the government, while the lack of?government revenue further?leads?to the?increase?of tax?rates?for?companies?and?individuals,?thus?further?stimulating?the?prosperity of?the gray economy.(Gray economy,（Suquan Xu 2007)?。When we return?the impact of?the grey economy to the tourists themselves and?the?impact?on tourism肝陪。?These microscopic effects can also surface the?severity?of?the?damage?they?bring ?，the?experience?is?extremely bad?for tourists?coming to?Xi?'an,?and?the?tourism?industry?in?Xi' an will lose credibility and receive negative?comments.

Method

Interview??is??a??research-based??conversation,??which??is??a??way??of ?collecting?objective?and unbiased?factual?materials based?on?the?responses?of the?interviewee?in?oral?form,?in?order?to?accurately?explain?the?population?represented?by?the?sample.?（Baidu?entry）Case?study?is?a?research?method that?obtains?in-depth understanding?and?insights?by?conducting?in-depth?investigations?and?analyzing?specific?cases.?This

study?mainly?applies?these?two?research?methods?to?draw?targeted?conclusions.?The?combination?of the?two?can?not?only?make?the?research?closer?to?reality,?enhance?the?realism ?and ?pertinence ?of?the ?research,?but ?also ?supplement??each ?other's ?content,?thereby ?improving ?the ?depth ?and ?breadth??of ?the ?research. ?Interview??method??can provide?detailed?data?and vivid materials?for?case?studies, making?case?analysis?more?detailed?and?realistic.?Case?studies?can?provide?specific?background?and?framework?for?interview?method,?which?can?make?conclusions?more?accurate.The?interview?was?mainly?used?during?the?research?process?as?a?means?of collecting?data,?as?it provides?direct contact with visitors who have experienced?private?attractions?and?observe?their?mode??of ?operation. ?The ??interviews??allowed ?me??to ??ask??in-depth??and??follow-up?questions, and the interviews gave unexpected?insights?and more?realistic?and?detailed?scenario?reviews,?providing?a?more?comprehensive?view?of?the?questions.

- ???????I?studied?the?most?important?and?the?most?typical?terracotta?warriors?attractions?fake ?three ?highly ?exposed ?private ?scenic ?spots, ?they ?are ?"dream ?back ?to ?Daqin",?"Shaanxi ?eight ?miracle??pavilion"??and??'underground';??they??have??a??highly??similar?common?ground,?not?only?the?content?of?fake?scenic?spots,?but?also?because?their?operation?mode?and?means?of attracting?customers?is?almost?the?same.Choosing?the?three of?them as the representatives of?the private fake?scenic?spots can?also?be used?as?mutual?reference ?and ?comparison ?On ?the ?Internet, ?I ?asked?them ?all?by ?reviewing?relevant?reports?and?some?we-media?posts?on?social?media,?and?conducted?related?questions and interviews.

Interviewing questions are carefully worded and designed?as?the?research?process?can?touch?on?some?personal?topic.?During?the?interview,?I?first?asked?about?the?basic?information?of how?do?they?know?about?these?private?attractions?such?as?the?social?media,?some?common?online?ticketing?platforms,?or?those?brought?here?by?drivers?or?some tour groups included in their grey industry?chain. These?background?information?it?is?a?good?part?of?its?operation?and?a?reliable?basis?for?the?next?hypothesis.The?second part I inquired about is the feeling，including the?service?and?experience?in the?whole process, how the?experience, what?are?the?activities?'; not?only?surprised?to?find?that?there?is?a?tour?guide,?but?also?can?improve?our?overall judgment?of its?industry?chain.Thirdly,?I?asked?about?the?psychological ?status?and?the?Follow-up?mentality?after?this?experience；also?inquiring?them?about?some?of?overall?view?of?xi'an?tourism industry?and?the?influence?of?this?matter?on?their?future?tourism ?experience.?This?enables me to?successfully have?a?feasible?and?accurate?judgment?basis?for the?impact?of these?private?attractions?on?micro?areas,?especially?individuals,?and?to?analyze?its?potential?impact?and?long-term?negative?lasting?power.?Lastly,?I?specifically?inquired?about?the?schools?in?the?name?of the?organization?outside?activities?bring?students?to?these?attractions,?the?school?is?no?doubt?take?students?to?go?to?visit?the?scenic?spots,?but this?seemingly?astray behavior ?——?to?these?private?attractions?is?not?alone,?this will?be?one?of the?study?is?very?unique?findings,?also?to?the?back?of?the?hypothesis?provides a reliable basis.

Interviewees?are?then?and?discuss?how?the?industry?chain?is?closely?related?to?their?itinerary,?and?why?it?will?hinder?the?real?attraction?information?and?multiple?drivers, ?allowing ?me ?to??find??out ?what??reasons??there??may??be,??or??to??prevent??the

phenomenon?from?continuing?to?breed?and?make?more?people?unlucky.During?the?interviewee?I?received?a?wealth?of data?and?in-depth?answers,providing?very?detailed,?thorough?travel?experiences?and?the?very?basic?operation?mode?of private?attractions,?as well as some reasonable and worth further?exploration.

Analysis

After?organizing?and?analyzing the play their role?in bolstering?or?decreasing?material?collected?from?the?interviewees,I?individuals'resilience?as?well?as?certain?was?able?to?identify ?certain ?traits??and??actions??they??take??in??response??to??the??different??tourist?attractions?have?the?ability?to?adapt?and?different?methods,but?can?accurately?achieve?the?final?purpose?and?constantly?derive?new?methods,in?this?case,is?under?various?conditions.Exploring?the?psychological?state?of the?respondents?and?their?willingness?to?travel?later,as?well?as?the?overall?view?of the?tourism?industry?in?Xi'an,will?help?the?researchers?to ?analyze?the?potential ?impact ?of?these?private ?attractions ?on ?the?micro-areas,especially?the?individuals.This?impact?may?include?tourist ?satisfaction,?loyalty,and?changes?in?future?travel?choices.This?not?only?provides?a?strong?support?for the?current research,but?also points?out the?direction?for the?future?exploration?and?improvement measures.

Background information based on Interview

Table?1A?statistical?table?ofvisiting?the?fake?terracotta Warriors

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Note:This data comes from the comment section and?direct private?inquiry?of?the?Xiaohongshu?app and the Weiboapp

Table?2 Basic?information?ofthe?mentality?oftourists

Note:The seven people came from the summary of?Xiaohongshu's post?and the?author's review?after seeing some of?the?comments.

How?to konwFeelingFollow-up mentality

Grouppurchase

online?29.9

figure?is?cheap

Special guide ——Shaanxi?eight wonders?pavilionThose who are cheated?feel?that?the?experience?is?declining,which?affects?the?subsequent?judgment.?They always think about whether?they?will?be

cheated.The management?is not?standardized,and?it

is difficult to distinguish?the?true?and?false,which?will discredit?Xi'an

Subway???entrance,

Shaanxi people?accent driver to?cheat

Know?that?was?cheated??，

butoutside are guards had?to???come?in??——?Shaanxi?eight?miracle?pavilion

Unsatisfied with the tourism, are pit money?shopping pit money, scenic spots pit money

Airport / train?station black

car (deception:??Real attractions?that?are not

crowded

When there are many tourists,?there are guides,?few tourists,???when the lights are?not?on, but?there are a?lot?of?security

guards??——?Shaanxi?eight?miracle?pavilion

Local culture and tourism bureau: regardless of????inaction, pay taxes; channels are not limited. Feel?that the government is irresponsible

A?bus of?a

disguised?staff?member

Simulate the real ticket?staff

mixed?in?when?the?tourists??—?—?dream?back?to?Daqin

The staff?is unreasonable, and the feedback to?the?rights protection center has no results

Organized by?the primary

school (spring?outing）

Don't rememberN/A

Because of?the

network

propaganda, the?special trip to

the past to?join?in the?fun

Curiosity drives, play is a walk?(10?yuan)To?play?is?to?try?a?fun?堪遂，?is?indifferent?mentality,?did?not pay much attention to the experience process.

Overall?operation?mode?and?balance?skill：

Hypothesis ?：The creation of?artificial attractions is to attract visitors by?imitating real?attractions?or?creating new?concepts. These?attractions?are?often?developed by private?investors??or??companies, ?using ??advertising??and ?marketing ??to??attract??tourists.The?balance between?artificial?fake?attractions?in the?grey?economy?and normal markets?is?achieved through?flexible pricing?strategies,?cooperation?with?local?communities,?and?cooperation with?government?agencies.?These?attractions?often?offer prices below?the?normal?market,?work?with?local?communities?to?provide?services?and?facilities,?and?seek compliance with government agencies.

????Origin:

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First,?we?think?this?is ?a?typical?market?profit-seeking?behavior. ?China?is?rich ?in?tourism?resources?and?has?a?large?population.?With?the?continuous?improvement?of

people's?living?standards,?the?tourism?industry?is?booming,?so?some?people?set?up?private?"scenic?spots"?in?order?to?make?quick?money?and?seek?profits.(Zhi?Zhenfeng,?2022)?Second, the number of?existing scenic spots is?insufficient,?In?the peak?season?is?overcrowded, ???Ticket???prices ???are ???high, ???The ???price ???of ??accommodation ???and accommodation ?will ?also ?rise,??Greatly??increased ?the??travel??costs??for??consumers,?According?to?the?interview?and?survey?information,?This?study?points?out?that?some?tourists?are?seeking?cheap,?Chose?to?come?to?this replica?scenic?spot;?The?increase?of?travel?cost?is undoubtedly?invisible to reduce the?comfort?of?tourism,?It?also?increases?the possibility?of?being?cheated,?Since?the?Xi'an?Culture?and?Tourism?Bureau?and?the?Market ?Supervision?Administration?have?not ?always ?quickly?regulated?the?market,

This?leads?to?such?a?situation;?The?competent?departments?and?relevant?departments

have?insufficient?supervision?and?management?of the?tourism?market,?and?have?not?investigated?and?investigated?these?private?"scenic?spots".Third,?the?existing?scenic?spots?fail to meet?the needs?of consumption upgrading, The?scenic?spots?are?seriously?homogeneous,?Lack?of?innovation?in?tourism?programs,?Poor?travel?experience,?Lack of?attraction to senior tourists (Zhi Zhenfeng, 2022)?As a result, many locals?or?current?web?celebrity?bloggers?choose?to?be?ahead?of?curiosity?and?huge?traffic?interests,?Choose?to ?actively ?experience ?such ?private ?scenic ?spots ?with ?high ?exposure, ?The?emergence?of this?situation;?Let?the?phenomenon?go?from?more?than?a?single?fraud,?Instead,?it?gives?policy?makers?the?possibility?of a?transformation. At?the?same?time,?considering?the?phenomenon?of?visiting?the?whole?school?only?on?the?basis?of?school?activities?(such?as?spring?outing,?autumn?outing,?etc.),?it?makes?speculation?about?the?relationship?between?the?social?interpersonal?network?in?the?origin?of the?industrial?chain,??or??whether??there??is??mutual??interest??with??other??community??agencies??or?governments.

????be in motion and do business:

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At?present,?with?the?continuous?development?of the?Internet,?online?ticket?purchase?and?Internet?publicity?have?become?one?of?the?main?ways?of?attracting?customers;?it?is?different ?from ?the ?"driver ?and ?tour ?guide" ?in ?the ?subway ?entrance ?or ?airport ?and?high-speed?rail ?station,?when?it?appears?on?the?formal?platform?(such ?as?Meituan,?Ctrip,?etc.),?it?can?more?easily?gain?the?trust?of tourists?and?can?fake?comments?and?introductions,?making?the?attractions?achieve?the?real?effect;?and?in?more?cases,?is?a?ruthless?fraud?for?consumers.As?illegal?business?activities,?such?as?collecting?tickets,?selling goods, compulsory guide explanation is its business?scope;?some private?scenic?spots ?may ?have ??illegal??construction,??illegal ?transformation,??without ??any ?market?supervision?bureau,?reduce?the?cost?of security?risks,?without?reducing?the?access?to?complete fraud.

???future development:

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The problem of?private?"scenic spots" exists for?a?long?time,?and?rebound?from?time?to?time,?and?special?rectification?is?indispensable.?Vice?President?of the?China?Tourism?Academy?Shi?Peihua?thinks:?"?the?destination?from?the?tourism?supply?side,?through?the ?development ?of?global ?tourism, ?break ?the ?'scenic ?economy' ?path ?dependence,?rational ??layout ??and ???development ??of ??tourism ??attractions, ???develop ??diversified,

personalized,?high ?quality ?tourism ?products ?activities ?meet ?the ?demand ?of?tourist?diversity??experience,??optimize ?the ??structure??of ?tourism??flow,??consumption??flow?space.”(Tubo, ?2022)At ?present, ?the ?measures??of ?the??China??Culture??and??Tourism?Bureau ?are ?to ?establish??some ?private??"scenic??spots"??(including??Internet??celebrity?places)??with ?perfect???facilities??and??services,??such??as??meeting??the??conditions??of?ecological?protection?and?safety?facilities,?planning?and?environmental?assessment,?and ?become ?regular ?scenic ?spots ?through ?legal??procedures.??Some ?private??"scenic?spots"?that?do?not?meet?the?requirements?of?formal?scenic?spots,?such?as?those?that?cannot meet the basic safety needs and destroy?the?ecology, will be?severely?banned?in?accordance?with?the?law?and?held?responsible?in?accordance?with?the?law.(Chen?Lei,?2022,)

At?the ?same ?time, ?Shandong ?Province ?Liaocheng ?City ?People's ?Government ?Vice?Mayor ?Ma ?Lihong??pointed??out??all??platforms??that??can??upload ??scenic??spots ?and?information ?are ?obliged ?to ?check ?relevant??information,??such??as??the??identification?documents??and??effective??contact??information;??compliance??review??of ?advertising?information, ?and ?whether ?the ?published ?information??violates??laws,??administrative regulations,?public?order?and?good?customs?and?infringement?of intellectual?property?rights ?of ?others; ?and ?deleted??if ?necessary.In ?addition,??local??cultural??and??tourism?administrative??departments??and??comprehensive??law??enforcement??agencies??of??the cultural?market?need?to?cooperate?with?natural?resources, ?ecological ?environment,?market ??supervision ??and ???other ??relevant ??departments???to ???implement ??their ???law?enforcement ?responsibilities. ?Relevant ?departments ?can??adopt ?the??"joint??meeting"?system,?all?departments?unified?understanding,?joint?office,?joint?law?enforcement,?each?link?seamless?connection, in order to play?a?good?governance?effect.（Chen Lei,?2022,）

Long-term?social?impacts:

Hypothesis ?:?Artificial?fake?attractions?may?generate?short-term?economic?benefits,?but in the long term, they may have negative?effects on?local?communities,?culture?and?the??environment.??Moreover, ?if ?these ??attractions??are ?not??properly??regulated ??andmanaged, they may have unfair effects on the normal?market and?economy.

Affected groups:

????Tourists:They ?are ?faced ?with ?loss ?of?property, ?wasting ?time, ?without??a??good?experience?and?will?be?in?a?pessimistic?and?negative?state?of?the?whole?travel?process.

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????Regular?tour?operators:?Private?"scenic?spots"?may?harm?their?interests?through?unfair?competition means?，Not?only the?decline?in traffic,?but?also?the?declining?reputation as a result?萌庆，This will affect?the work and life?of?this?group.

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????Local??communities??and??environments:In??general,??there??are??no??other??gray?transactions?and?revenues.It?may?damage?the?ecological?environment?and?disturb?the ?lives ?of?the ?local ?residents, ?and ?most ?fundamentally ?affect ?the ?economic?development ?of ?the ?local ?area;??many??tourists??will??choose??to??see??the??whole

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community ?as ?the ?disaster ?area ?that??may ?be??cheated;??so??they??will??not??even?patronize or stay here, let alone?trust?and?consume

Tourist ?experience ?emphasizes ?the ?tourists' ?understanding ?of?material ?culture??and?spiritual?culture?in?the?process?of tourism?activities.?Tourist?experience?runs?through?the??tourism??process, ??including??tourism??planning, ??tourism ??experience, ??tourism?consumption, ?etc., ?which ?is??a??comprehensive??sense??of ?gain.(Sun ?Yujun ???溶褪，Yu?Shengnan, ??，?Jiang?Haixu?2023?）As?this?lack?of integrity ?and?service?awareness?becomes?more?and?more?common,?tourist?complaints?and?complaints?will?increase?accordingly, ?and ?reviews ?will ?also ?decline..This ?is ?the ?biggest??criterion??for??local?tourism, which?is?closely?related?to?the?local?tourism?industry,?and?the?reputation?and?future?income.?When?the?private?scenic?spots?by?fraud?consumers?destroy?its?touristexperience is very poor, it is undoubtedly a fatal blow to the?local?tourism?industry.

Results：.

Table 3?Summary?of?Results

Central??problemsAffected?groupsTourist??mental

ity

Current?policyThe?Reason?(Official??Interview)

Operation?without?permiss

ion

touristDisappointmentEligible?under?the?lawMarket

profit-seeking?behavior

Destroy

the??ecol?ogical??e?nvironmen?t

Regular??t?our??opera?torWorried??about?safetyThose?that?can?satisfy?the?basic?safety?requirements?but?damage?the?ecological?environment?shall?be

severely?replaced

according?to?law,?and?the?relevant?responsible

persons?shall?be

investigated?according?to?law

The?number?of

existing

attractions?is

insufficient,?the?price?of?scenic

spots?is?too?high

Hidden??d?anger??(s?ecurity

)

Local??Com?munities

and??Envir?onment

Influence??subs?equent??judgmen?tsEstablish?a?long-term?mechanismDiversified

personalized

travel?experience?(I?personally?do??not?agree)

Fraud??to?tourist?Think??it's??fu

n

The?relevant?departments?may?adopt?the?joint

meeting?system,?and?the?departments?may?unify

their?understanding?of

joint?office?and?joint?law?enforcement

Inadequate

supervision?and

management?of

tourism?market?by?tourism

authorities?and?relevant

departments

Discussion&Conclusion：

This?research?talk?about?those?to?fraud?consumers?to?profit,?fake?attractions,?also?known?as ?"private ?development" ?attractions,?private ?"attractions" ?regulation ?object?without?the?permission?of the?relevant?departments,?in?a?certain?place?or?area,?illegal?service for tourists, illegal tourism business activities (culture and?tourism?on?the?issue?of?private??"attractions" ?rectification??work??plan??notice, ?2022) ?these??individuals??or groups?need?to?create?real?tourist?attractions?resources,?professional?knowledge?and?legitimacy, ?so?they ?are ?in ?the ?gray ?area ?of?tourism, ?rely ?on ?not ?compliance ?gray?economy?to?earn?income.?These?fake?sites?often?attract?visitors?by?targeting?specific?markets?or?trends,?and?using?a?variety?of marketing?strategies?to?promote?their?own?attractions.?In?order?to?legalize?their?business,?they?may?seek?partnerships?with?local?businesses ?or ?government ?agencies??and??attempt??to??obtain??official??recognition??or?certification.?While?these?fake?attractions?may?bring?short-term?economic?benefits?to?local ?communities, ?they ?can ?also ?disrupt ?local ?tourism,??leading??to??environmental?degradation?and?cultural?exploitation.?Therefore,?it needs?appropriate?supervision?and?regulation to ensure that it does not appear and have negative?effects.

This?study reveals the balance between grey economy?and?formal market:?by?studying?how?its?attractiveness?balances?between?grey?economy?and?formal?market,?we?can?better ?understand ?how??the??informal??economy??operates??and??how??to??guide??these?economic ?activities ?to ?formalization. ?In??this ?process,??we??can??predict??and??deeply?analyze ?the ?long-term ??social ?impact??through??some??phenomena,??which??can??help?decision ?makers?predict ?and ?deal ?with ?potential ?problems, ?so ?as ?to ?form ?a ?more?comprehensive?and?sustainable?development?strategy, which?can?gradually?develop?to?the?model?advocated?by?the?National?Administration?of?Culture?and?Tourism.?And?exploring?ways?for?sustainable?tourism?to?better?integrate?these?informal?economic?activities into formal markets, we can create?a more?sustainable?and positive?future?for

all?participants.?Can?promote?the?cooperation?between?different?fields,?jointly?solve?practical?problems?and?for?the?academic?researchers?but?also?associated?to?tourism?warning and remind, enhance and improve?public?awareness:?through?this?study,?more?people?after reading will realize the?existence?and?influence?of?the?informal?economy,?then?improve?the?public?awareness?of?related?issues?and?attention.

References??：

孫宇駿,于勝楠,江海旭. ?基于游客體驗的智慧旅游景區(qū)發(fā)展路徑[J]. ?合作經(jīng)濟與

科技,2023(6):20-22. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.?1672-190X.2023.06.006.?許素全. ?灰色經(jīng)濟[J]. ?中國科技財富,2004(10):72-73.

張鑫. ?旅游業(yè)對陜西省社會經(jīng)濟貢獻的統(tǒng)計分析[J]. ?現(xiàn)代營銷,2020(12):154-156.??趙?輝?,?劉?聯(lián)?黨?,?楊?妮?. ??陜西?旅?游?業(yè)?現(xiàn)?狀?分?析?及?對?策?研?究?[J]. ??商?場?現(xiàn)?代化,2007(25):307-308. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-3102.2007.25.189.

news.anhuinews.com?文旅部嚴查私設(shè)“景點”問題?專家建議把符合條件的依法?“轉(zhuǎn)正”

法治日報?私設(shè)“景點”為何存在踊兜？文化和旅游部印發(fā)通知嚴查

中國旅游報?什么行為屬于私設(shè)“景點”?竿滨？文旅部專項整治方案來了

Appendix

Main questions inquired during the interview

1. Objective descriptions?of

a)?the?information?of?the?message?channel

b) The environment and services within the private attractions

2.??Subjective recall of

a）Psychological changes after participating in their own scenic?spots

B）Discuss the reasons and feelings with previous participants (visitors)