History of Magic in North America
北美魔法歷史
1920s Wizarding America
1920年代的美國(guó)巫師界
By J.K. Rowling
The wizards of America had played their part in the Great War of 1914-1918, even if the overwhelming majority of their No-Maj compatriots were ignorant of their contribution. As there were magical factions on both sides, their efforts were not decisive, but they won many victories in preventing additional loss of life, and in defeating their magical enemies.
即使絕大多數(shù)的麻雞同胞都選擇忽視美國(guó)巫師的貢獻(xiàn)垃沦，但他們?cè)?914至1918年的第一次世界大戰(zhàn)中占有一定的份量。由于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)雙方都有魔法分子，因此他們的付出并沒有造成決定性的影響，然而巫師們的確成功減少戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的死亡人數(shù)，也多次擊敗他們的敵對(duì)巫師荷辕。
This common endeavour led to no softening on MACUSA's stance on No-Maj/wizard fraternisation, and Rappaport's Law remained firmly in place. By the 1920s the US wizarding community had become used to existing under a greater degree of secrecy than their European counterparts and to selecting their mates strictly from within their own ranks.
這種共同努力的行動(dòng)并沒有軟化MACUSA反對(duì)麻雞與巫師交往的立場(chǎng)，拉帕波特法律仍堅(jiān)決執(zhí)行。1920年代搭综，美國(guó)巫師界已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了必須維持比起歐洲同類更為低調(diào)的行事風(fēng)格，而且選擇伴侶都僅限于自己的同類划栓。
The memory of Dorcus Twelvetrees' catastrophic breach of the Statute of Secrecy had entered magical language, so that being 'a Dorcus' was slang for an idiot or inept person. MACUSA continued to impose severe penalties on those who flouted the International Statute of Secrecy. MACUSA was also more intolerant of such magical phenomena as ghosts, poltergeists and fantastic creatures than its European equivalents, because of the risk such beasts and spirits posed of alerting No-Majs to the existence of magic.
朵喀斯?十二樹嚴(yán)重違反保密協(xié)議的事件在魔法界中廣為流傳兑巾，往后人們常用“真是朵喀斯”以形容愚蠢、不稱職的行為忠荞。對(duì)于無(wú)視國(guó)際保密協(xié)議的人蒋歌，MACUSA始終采取嚴(yán)懲措施；此外委煤，相較于歐洲奋姿，MACUSA更加無(wú)法容忍魔法的諸多事物如：幽靈、調(diào)皮搗蛋鬼素标、奇獸等称诗。因?yàn)槠娅F和鬼魂之類的存在都可能會(huì)造成麻雞發(fā)現(xiàn)魔法存在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
After the Great Sasquatch Rebellion of 1892 (for full details, see Ortiz O'Flaherty's highly-acclaimed book Big Foot's Last Stand), MACUSA headquarters was relocated for the fifth time in its history, moving from Washington to New York, where it remained throughout the 1920s. President of MACUSA throughout the decade was Madam Seraphina Picquery, a famously gifted witch from Savannah.
1892年的大腳怪之亂之后（完整細(xì)節(jié)請(qǐng)參考奧爾蒂斯?奧弗萊厄蒂的知名著作《大腳的最后一戰(zhàn)》）头遭，MACUSA總部進(jìn)行第五次的遷移寓免，從華盛頓轉(zhuǎn)移到紐約，直到1920年代為止计维。那十年間袜香，都是由一名來(lái)自薩凡納，著名且天賦異稟的女巫鲫惶，賽拉菲娜·皮蓋瑞女士任職MACUSA首席蜈首。
By the 1920s Ilvermorny School of Witchcraft and Wizardry had been flourishing for more than two centuries and was widely considered to be one of the greatest magical education establishments in the world. In consequence of their common education, all witches and wizards are proficient in the use of a wand.
1920年代時(shí)，伊魔法尼巫術(shù)與魔法學(xué)校經(jīng)歷了兩個(gè)多世紀(jì)的蓬勃發(fā)展后欠母，成為世界公認(rèn)最大的魔法教育機(jī)構(gòu)之一欢策。在他們推廣共同教育的努力下，所有巫師與女巫 都已經(jīng)對(duì)魔杖的操控相當(dāng)熟悉赏淌。
Legislation introduced at the end of the nineteenth century meant that every member of the magical community in America was required to carry a 'wand permit', a measure that was intended to keep tabs on all magical activity and identify the perpetrators by their wands. Unlike Britain, where Ollivanders was considered unbeatable, the continent of North America was served by four great wandmakers.
十九世紀(jì)末的立法明訂踩寇，美國(guó)魔法界的每一名成員都必須攜帶“魔杖許可證”，借此追蹤所有魔法行動(dòng)六水、并通過魔杖辨別肇事者俺孙。在英國(guó)辣卒，奧立凡德是無(wú)人可與之競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的魔杖制造者，而北美洲則有四名偉大的魔杖制造者睛榄。
Shikoba Wolfe, who was of Chocktaw descent, was primarily famous for intricately carved wands containing Thunderbird tail feathers (the Thunderbird is a magical American bird closely related to the phoenix). Wolfe wands were generally held to be extremely powerful, though difficult to master. They were particular prized by Transfigurers.
先倜＃柯巴?沃爾夫是喬克托族（北美洲原住民部落）的后裔，以魔杖的精細(xì)雕工聞名场靴，他制作的魔杖內(nèi)含雷鳥尾巴的尾羽（雷鳥是美國(guó)的魔法鳥類啡莉，與鳳凰有血緣關(guān)系）。沃爾夫的魔杖通常都具有非常強(qiáng)大的力量憎乙，雖然很難掌握票罐，對(duì)于變形師尤其珍貴。
Johannes Jonker, a Muggle-born wizard whose No-Maj father was an accomplished cabinet maker, turned himself into an accomplished wandmaker. His wands were highly sought after and instantly recognisable, as they were usually inlaid with mother-of-pearl. After experimenting with many cores, Jonker's preferred magical material was hair of the Wampus cat.
吓⒈撸柯巴?沃爾夫是喬克托族（北美洲原住民部落）的后裔该押，以魔杖的精細(xì)雕工聞名，他制作的魔杖內(nèi)含雷鳥尾巴的尾羽（雷鳥是美國(guó)的魔法鳥類阵谚，與鳳凰有血緣關(guān)系）蚕礼。沃爾夫的魔杖通常都具有非常強(qiáng)大的力量，雖然很難掌握梢什，對(duì)于變形師尤其珍貴奠蹬。
Thiago Quintana caused ripples through the magical world when his sleek and usually lengthy wands began entering the market, each encasing a single translucent spine from the back of the White River Monsters of Arkansas and producing spells of force and elegance. Fears about over-fishing of the monsters were assuaged when it was proven that Quintana alone knew the secret of luring them, a secret he guarded jealously until his death, at which point wands containing White River Monster spines ceased production.
蒂亞戈?奎塔納的魔杖當(dāng)時(shí)曾在魔法界掀起一陣轟動(dòng)，光滑且偏長(zhǎng)的魔杖開始在市場(chǎng)流動(dòng)嗡午。每支魔杖都內(nèi)含一根阿肯色州懷特河怪的半透明背脊囤躁，所施展的法術(shù)強(qiáng)力且優(yōu)雅。原先有人擔(dān)憂懷特河怪的數(shù)量會(huì)因此驟減荔睹，但后來(lái)證實(shí)只有奎塔納一人知道誘捕懷特河怪的方法狸演。奎塔納直到過世都未曾向任何人透漏此秘密僻他，用懷特河怪背脊所制作的魔杖也就此停產(chǎn)宵距。
Violetta Beauvais, the famous wandmaker of New Orleans, refused for many years to divulge the secret core of her wands, which were always made of swamp mayhaw wood. Eventually it was discovered that they contained hair of the rougarou, the dangerous dog-headed monster that prowled Louisiana swamps. It was often said of Beauvais wands that they took to Dark magic like vampires to blood, yet many an American wizarding hero of the 1920s went into battle armed only with a Beauvais wand, and President Picquery herself was known to possess one.
維奧萊塔?博韋是來(lái)自新奧爾良的知名魔杖制造者。她的魔杖取材自濕地的夏花山楂木吨拗，多年來(lái)她始終拒絕透露自己魔杖杖芯的秘密满哪。最終被人們發(fā)現(xiàn)，里面含有濕地狼人的毛發(fā)——濕地狼人是在路易斯安那州的濕地出沒劝篷，極度危險(xiǎn)的狗頭怪物哨鸭。傳言道，博韋的魔杖對(duì)于黑魔法的渴求携龟，就如鮮血之于吸血鬼一般兔跌。然而在1920年代戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)時(shí)期，有許多美國(guó)的偉大巫師都只帶著一支博韋魔杖就上了戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)峡蟋，皮奎里總統(tǒng)據(jù)說(shuō)也擁有一支坟桅。
Unlike the No-Maj community of the 1920s, MACUSA allowed witches and wizards to drink alcohol. Many critics of this policy pointed out that it made witches and wizards rather conspicuous in cities full of sober No-Majs. However, in one of her rare light-hearted moments, President Picquery was heard to say that being a wizard in America was already hard enough. 'The Gigglewater', as she famously told her Chief of Staff, 'is non-negotiable.'
1920年代巫師界與麻雞之間的不同點(diǎn)之一是，MACUSA允許女巫及巫師喝酒蕊蝗。有許多人批評(píng)此政策使得巫師和女巫在一群清醒的麻雞中仿若鶴立雞群般引人注目仅乓。然而，在她難得輕松愉快的時(shí)刻蓬戚，皮蓋瑞首席表示在美國(guó)當(dāng)巫師已經(jīng)夠辛苦了夸楣，她對(duì)總參謀長(zhǎng)說(shuō)“忘憂水”絕對(duì)不準(zhǔn)被禁止。
