The Influence of Time and Place
Not only are you a member of a particular species,Homo sapiens,but you also exist at a particular time in the history of that species and in a particular place on the planet.That time and place are defined by specific circumstances,understandings,beliefs,and customs,all of which limit your experience and influence your thought patterns.If you had lived in America in colonial times,you likely would have had no objection to the practice of barring women from serving on a jury,entering nineteenth century,you would have had no objection to young children being denied an education and being hired out by their parents to work sixteen hours a day,nor would you have given any thought to the special needs of adolescence.(The concept of adolescence was not invented until 1904)
If you had been raised in the Middle East,you would stand much closer to people you converse with than you do in America.If you had been raised in India,you might be perfectly comfortable having your parents choose your spouse for you.If your native language were Spanish and your knowledge of English modest,you probably would be confused by some English colloquialisms.James Henslin offers two amusing examples of such confusion:Chevrolet Novas initially sold very poorly in Mexico because no va in Spanish means "it does't work";and Perdue chickens were regarded with a certain suspicion(or worse)because the company's slogan---"It takes a though man to make a tender chicken"---became in Spanish"It takes an aroused man to make a chicken affectionatei"
Translation:
自翻：
時(shí)間和地域的影響
你不僅是“現(xiàn)代人”這個(gè)獨(dú)特物種中的一員厢呵，同時(shí)也是這個(gè)物種在時(shí)間及空間上獨(dú)特的存在。這個(gè)時(shí)空是由特定的情景，理解力，信仰以及風(fēng)俗所決定的，這些都受限于你的經(jīng)驗(yàn)與思考模式的影響柔逼。如果你生活在美國(guó)殖民地時(shí)代活烙，你很可能不會(huì)去反對(duì)阻攔婦女獲得陪審團(tuán)陪審储耐，參與法案修改钝荡，擁有個(gè)人財(cái)產(chǎn)以及選舉的權(quán)利街立。如果你生活在19世紀(jì)，你也不會(huì)反對(duì)未成年兒童不能獲得教育以及未經(jīng)父母同意雇傭他們每日工作16個(gè)小時(shí)埠通，而且你也不會(huì)有青春期的特殊需求這個(gè)概念赎离。（青春期這個(gè)概念直到1904年才被正式定義命名）
如果你生在中東，你將會(huì)站在那些你交往人的立場(chǎng)上而不是美國(guó)端辱，如果你生在印度梁剔，你也許更愿意接受父母為你選擇的配偶。如果你的母語(yǔ)是西班牙語(yǔ)掠手，而你又將英語(yǔ)作為小語(yǔ)種憾朴，你很有可能被一些英語(yǔ)的方言所困擾。詹姆斯 漢瑟林就舉了兩個(gè)很有意思的這種例子：雪弗萊 諾瓦斯這款車(chē)最早在墨西哥銷(xiāo)售時(shí)銷(xiāo)量極低喷鸽，因?yàn)椤爸Z瓦”這個(gè)詞在西班牙語(yǔ)的意思是“沒(méi)有工作”众雷；還有就是由于柏杜雞公司標(biāo)語(yǔ)對(duì)柏杜雞所產(chǎn)生的誤解——“一個(gè)猛男也經(jīng)不住誘惑去烹飪這種弱弱的小雞”，而在西班牙語(yǔ)中變成了“做這種小雞的快感喚醒了一個(gè)男人”
這一波的翻譯還是很辛苦做祝，但是我隱約感受到了李笑來(lái)老師說(shuō)的一句話：
英語(yǔ)學(xué)不好砾省，是因?yàn)槟愕哪刚Z(yǔ)本身學(xué)的不好
這的翻譯的過(guò)程中發(fā)現(xiàn)，其實(shí)很多句子是無(wú)法直譯的混槐，因?yàn)橐弊g就無(wú)法用漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)出精準(zhǔn)的意思了编兄，這就需要在理解上下文的意思后按照作者的意圖用漢語(yǔ)的邏輯將其表達(dá)出來(lái)，難怪老子說(shuō)“道可道声登，非常道”狠鸳。
本身語(yǔ)言和文字在表述的一霎那就失去了本身所想表達(dá)的意圖，再加上后人自我的理解或者附文會(huì)意就離初衷更遠(yuǎn)了悯嗓，所以件舵，學(xué)會(huì)外語(yǔ)真的是一項(xiàng)絕美的技藝。
動(dòng)力滿滿脯厨，進(jìn)程慢慢铅祸，成長(zhǎng)，真是件快樂(lè)的事情合武。
