安裝

1. 解壓hive
   tar -zxvf apache-hive-1.2.1-bin.tar.gz -C /opt/module/
2. 重命名
   mv apache-hive-1.2.1-bin/ hive
3. 復(fù)制配置文件
   cp hive-env.sh.template hive-env.sh
4. 修改配置文件
   export HADOOP_HOME=/opt/module/hadoop-2.8.3
   export HIVE_CONF_DIR=/opt/module/hive/conf
5. 配置環(huán)境變量
   # HIVE_HOME
   export HIVE_HOME=/opt/module/hive
   export PATH=$PATH:$HIVE_HOME/bin
6. 啟動hdfs和yarn
   start-dfs.sh
   start-yarn.sh
7. 在HDFS上創(chuàng)建/tmp和/user/hive/warehouse兩個目錄并修改他們的同組權(quán)限可寫
   hadoop fs -mkdir /tmp
   hadoop fs -mkdir -p /user/hive/warehouse
   hadoop fs -chmod g+w /tmp
   hadoop fs -chmod g+w /user/hive/warehouse

基本操作

1. 啟動hive
   hive
2. 查看數(shù)據(jù)庫
   show databases;
3. 打開默認(rèn)數(shù)據(jù)庫
   use default;
4. 顯示default數(shù)據(jù)庫中的表
   show tables;
5. 創(chuàng)建一張表
   create table people(id int, name string);
6. 顯示數(shù)據(jù)庫中有幾張表
   show tables;
7. 查看表的結(jié)構(gòu)
   desc people;
8. 向表中插入數(shù)據(jù)
   insert into people values(1,"ss");
9. 查詢表中數(shù)據(jù)
   select * from people;
10. 退出hive
    quit;

將本地文件導(dǎo)入hive操作

將本地/opt/module/datas/student.txt 這個文件的數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)入到hive的student(id int, name string)表中。
創(chuàng)建表
create table student(id int, name string) row format delimited fields terminated by '\t';
加載數(shù)據(jù)
load data local inpath '/opt/module/datas/student.txt' into table student;
查詢數(shù)據(jù)
select * from student;

Hive元數(shù)據(jù)配置到MySql

遇到的問題

Hive的Metastore默認(rèn)存儲在自帶的derby數(shù)據(jù)庫中，所以當(dāng)開多個客戶端啟動hive，會有異常，如下

hive多窗口啟動報(bào)錯.png

Hive元數(shù)據(jù)配置到MySql

1. 復(fù)制驅(qū)動到/opt/module/hibe/lib/
   cp mysql-connector-java-5.1.27-bin.jar /opt/module/hive/lib/
2. 在/opt/module/hive/conf目錄下創(chuàng)建一個hive-site.xml
   touch hive-site.xml
3. 復(fù)制下面內(nèi)容到hive-site.xml中

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<configuration>
        <property>
          <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
          <value>jdbc:mysql://hadoop-100:3306/metastore?createDatabase
IfNotExist=true</value>
          <description>JDBC connect string for a JDBC metastore</descr
iption>
        </property>

        <property>
          <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
          <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
          <description>Driver class name for a JDBC metastore</descrip
tion>
        </property>

        <property>
          <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
          <value>root</value>
          <description>username to use against metastore database</des
cription>
        </property>

        <property>
          <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
          <value>root</value>
          <description>password to use against metastore database</des
cription>
        </property>
</configuration>

4. 打開多個客戶端測試