本文摘選自英國作家奧爾德斯·赫胥黎的Selected Snobberies傅物，討論世上種種勢利現(xiàn)象。作者最為世人所知的代表作是《美麗新世界》琉预。
第一段:?英語精讀1｜疾病也有鄙視鏈董饰？有些疾病會讓人自覺高人一等？
Modernity-snobbery, though not exclusive to our age , has come to assume an unprecedented importance.
1. exclusive? adj. 獨有的圆米；排外的卒暂；專一的
? ? 反義詞：inclusive
? ? 例句：This was an exclusive report by CNN. 這是CNN的獨家報道。
2. unprecedented? adj. 空前的榨咐；無前例的
? ? precede? vt. 領(lǐng)先介却，在…之前；優(yōu)于块茁，高于? vi. 領(lǐng)先齿坷，在前面
? ? precedent? n. 先例；前例 adj. 在前的数焊；在先的
? ? 例句：It teaches the importance of precedent but cautions that it will not always suffice for a new era. 它告訴我們遵循先例的重要性永淌，同時告誡我們先例不會永遠滿足新的時代。
? precedented? adj. 有先例(可援)的
3. 翻譯：新潮勢利感雖然不是我們的時代所特有的佩耳，卻具有了空前的重要性遂蛀。
The reasons for this are simple and of a strictly economic character. Thanks to modern machinery, production is outrunning consumption. Organized waste among consumers is the first condition of our industrial rosperity(繁榮). The sooner a consumer throws away the object he has bought and buys another, the better for the producer. At the same time, of course, the producer must do his bit by producing nothing but the most perishable articles.
4. outrun? vt. 跑得比…快;超出,超過
? ? out- 表示超出，超過干厚，如outlive vt. 比…活得長; outweigh? vt. 比…重（在重量上）;outsell? vt. 賣得比…多
5. do one's bit：盡自己的一份力量李滴，盡力，盡量
? ? 例句：In re-using this old paper I'm doing my bit for conservation of the rain forests.我再利用這些舊紙是為保護雨林盡自己一份力量蛮瞄。
? ? 例句：I believe in what we're fighting for and I want to do my bit.國家興亡 匹夫有責所坯。《唐頓莊園 第2季》
6. perishable adj. 易腐爛的,易腐敗的
? ? perish? vt. 使麻木挂捅；毀壞 vi. 死亡芹助；毀滅；腐爛闲先；枯萎
? ? 例句: Hundreds of people perished in the earthquake. 那次地震死了好幾百人状土。
? ? 例句：But I'm not worried. I've taken nothing perishable.可我不擔心，沒買容易壞的貨伺糠∶晌剑《唐頓莊園視頻版（第二季）》
7. 翻譯：理由很簡單，而且完全是經(jīng)濟上的退盯。多虧有了現(xiàn)代化的機器彼乌，使生產(chǎn)超過了消費泻肯。 消費者有組織的浪費是我們工業(yè)繁榮的首要條件，消費者越快扔掉買來的東西再買新的慰照，對生產(chǎn)者就越有利灶挟。當然，與此同時毒租，生產(chǎn)者必須盡一己之力稚铣，只生產(chǎn)最易損壞的東西。
"The man who builds a skyscraper to last more than forty years is, a traitor (n. 賣國賊;叛徒) to the building trade." The words are those of a great American contractor. Substitute motor-car, boot, suit of clothes, etc., for skyscraper, and one year, three months, six months, and so on for forty years, and you have the gospel(信條) of any leader of any modern industry.
8. substitute? vt. & vi. 代替, 替換, 代用?
? ? substitute A for B:用A代替B
? ? 例句:In this cake mixture, you can substitute oil for butter.在這種做蛋糕的配料中, 你可以用食用油代替黃油墅垮。
? ? 例句：Home-made parts are being substituted for imported ones.國產(chǎn)零件取代進口零件惕医。
? ? substitution n. 代替；[數(shù)] 置換算色；代替物
? ? substitutive adj. 代用的抬伺；代替的；代理的
? ? substitutable adj. 可替換的
形近詞: subsidy (n. 津貼灾梦；補助金峡钓；補貼); subsidize (vt. 給…津貼或補貼; 資助或補助); subsidiary (adj. 附帶的, 附屬的, 次要的)
9.? 翻譯:“把一座摩天大樓建造得可以耐用40年以上的人是建筑行業(yè)的叛徒∪艉樱”這是美國一個大承包商說的話能岩。如果用汽車、靴子萧福、一套衣服等等來代替摩天大樓拉鹃，用1年、3個月鲫忍、6個月等等來代替40年膏燕，你得出的就是任何現(xiàn)代工業(yè)所有的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)信條。
The modernity-snob, it is obvious, is this industrialist's best friend. For modernity-snobs naturally tend to throw away their old possessions and buy new ones at a greater rate than those who are notmodernity-snobs. Therefore it is in the producer's interest to encourage modernity-snobbery. Which in fact he does do on an enormous scale and to the tune of millions and millions a year by means of advertising.
10. to the tune of 達到……數(shù)量
11. by means of 用, 憑借
12. 翻譯：很明顯悟民，新潮勢利感是這位實業(yè)家最好的朋友煌寇，因為新潮勢利者自然會比無此勢利感的人更快地拋棄他們所擁有的舊東西并購買新東西。因此鼓勵新潮勢利感是對生產(chǎn)者有利的逾雄，而實際上他也是這樣做的，以一年成百上千萬的金錢大規(guī)模進行廣告宣傳腻脏。
The newspapers do their best to help those who help them; and to the flood of advertisement is added a flood of less directly paid-for propaganda（n. 宣傳） in favour of modernity-snobbery. The public is taught that up-to-dateness (保持時尚)is one of the first duties of man.? Docile, it accepts the reiterated suggestion. We are all modernity-snobs now.
13. docile? adj. 溫順的鸦泳，馴服的；容易教的
14. reiterate? vt. 重申永品；反復(fù)地做
15. Docile, it accepts the reiterated suggestion. 這里的it指代the public; the reiterated suggestion指代up-to-dateness is one of the first duties of man.
16. 翻譯:報紙也盡一切力量幫助那些幫助它們的人們做鹰，在洪水般的廣告之外再加上洪水般的不那么直接花錢去做的有利于新潮勢利感的宣傳。公眾被教育說保持時尚是人類首要的職責之一鼎姐，馴服的公眾接受了這個一再被重申的啟事〖佤铮現(xiàn)在我們?nèi)汲闪诵鲁眲堇吡恕?/p>
