<section data-author="Wxeditor" style="margin-bottom: 0px; letter-spacing: 0.578px; white-space: normal; word-break: break-all !important; visibility: visible;"><section style="margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; letter-spacing: 0.578px; white-space: normal; visibility: visible;"><span style="font-size: 16px; visibility: visible;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: 0.35pt; visibility: visible;">2024<span style="font-family: 仿宋; visibility: visible;">年</span>5<span style="font-family: 仿宋; visibility: visible;">月</span>22<span style="font-family: 仿宋; visibility: visible;">日</span></span><strong style="visibility: visible;"><em style="visibility: visible;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: 0.35pt; visibility: visible;">Nature Genetics</span></em></strong><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: 0.35pt; visibility: visible;">?(doi:</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; visibility: visible;">?</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: 0.35pt; visibility: visible;">10.1038/s41588-024-01761-3)</span></span><span style="font-size: 16px; visibility: visible;"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: 0.35pt; font-family: 仿宋; visibility: visible;">發(fā)表論文</span></span><span style="font-size: 16px; visibility: visible;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: 0.35pt; visibility: visible;">“</span><strong style="visibility: visible;"><em style="visibility: visible;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; color: rgb(0, 112, 192); letter-spacing: 0.35pt; visibility: visible;">Seedling root system adaptation to water availability during maize domestication and global expansion</span></em></strong><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: 0.35pt; visibility: visible;">”<span style="font-family: 仿宋; visibility: visible;">栋盹。</span><o:p style="visibility: visible;"></o:p></span></span></section><p style="text-align: center; visibility: visible;"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img" data-galleryid="" data-imgfileid="100116685" data-ratio="0.5851851851851851" data-s="300,640" data-src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_png/BI9DBRVfPTS2uuWnaRzS39kkOicJMSRUEu9zBxFlfrbQpt6qO9ANhcibnEpiag6ag8ljicC3aNRWFPAnorapxg04yQ/640?wx_fmt=png&from=appmsg" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="height: auto !important; visibility: visible !important; width: 677px !important;" data-original-style="" data-index="2" src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/7698829-30979eb21214aa74.png" _width="677px" crossorigin="anonymous" alt="圖片" data-fail="0"></p><section style="margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; letter-spacing: 0.578px; white-space: normal; visibility: visible;"><span style="font-size: 16px; visibility: visible;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: 0.35pt; visibility: visible;"><span style="font-family: 仿宋; visibility: visible;">該研究首次揭示禾本科作物玉米在馴化及全球適應(yīng)性過(guò)程中嗦明，種子根系的形成與水分全球地理性分布高度吻合航罗，解析了種子根系形成的遺傳基礎(chǔ)及適應(yīng)性軌跡欺栗；通過(guò)根系原位可視化技術(shù)及根系結(jié)構(gòu)功能模型量化種子根變化系統(tǒng)影響整個(gè)根系形態(tài)及水分吸收的貢獻(xiàn)；通過(guò)</span>GWAS<span style="font-family: 仿宋; visibility: visible;">和基因編輯技術(shù)</span></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: 0.35pt; font-family: 仿宋; visibility: visible;">挖掘出控制種子根數(shù)目的關(guān)鍵基因</span><strong style="visibility: visible;"><em style="visibility: visible;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: 0.35pt; visibility: visible;">ZmHB77</span></em></strong><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: 0.35pt; font-family: 仿宋; visibility: visible;">允蚣，其調(diào)節(jié)根系結(jié)構(gòu)及玉米苗期抗旱性于颖，最后通過(guò)一系列遺傳分析發(fā)現(xiàn)</span><em style="visibility: visible;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: 0.35pt; visibility: visible;">ZmHB77</span></em><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: 0.35pt; font-family: 仿宋; visibility: visible;">基因適應(yīng)自然環(huán)境變異，驅(qū)動(dòng)根系結(jié)構(gòu)形態(tài)變異與抗旱性共選擇及適應(yīng)的特性嚷兔。該研究為理解作物馴化森渐、根系遺傳及生態(tài)適應(yīng)性提供了典型范例，并為</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: 0.35pt; visibility: visible;"><span style="font-family: 仿宋; visibility: visible;">可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展及應(yīng)對(duì)未來(lái)氣候變化奠定了重要的理論依據(jù)冒晰。</span><o:p style="visibility: visible;"></o:p></span></span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px; margin-left: 8px; letter-spacing: 0.578px; white-space: normal; visibility: visible;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;">該研究由國(guó)內(nèi)外</span>20<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">個(gè)科研單位合作完成同衣，德國(guó)波恩大學(xué)作物功能基因組學(xué)及根系功能生物學(xué)團(tuán)隊(duì)為第一完成單位。德國(guó)波恩大學(xué)根系功能生物學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室</span>PI</span><strong><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">于鵬</span></strong><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">博士為第一作者及共同通訊作者翩剪。德國(guó)波恩大學(xué)作物功能基因組實(shí)驗(yàn)室</span><strong><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;">Frank Hochholdinger</span></strong><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">教授，中國(guó)農(nóng)科院</span></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">作物科學(xué)研究</span><span style="font-size: 16px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">所<strong>王天宇</strong>研</span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">究員和美國(guó)賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)</span><strong><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;">Ruairidh Sawers</span></strong><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">教授為共同通訊作者彩郊。中國(guó)農(nóng)科院</span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">作物科學(xué)研究所</span><strong><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">李春輝</span></strong><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">研究員前弯，美國(guó)賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)</span><strong><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;">Meng Li</span></strong><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">博士和德國(guó)波恩大學(xué)根系功能生物學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室</span><strong><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">何曉明</span></strong><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">博士為共同第一作者。</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-size: 16px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">另外秫逝，德國(guó)亥姆霍次</span>Juelich<span style="letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">研究中心（</span>IBG-2<span style="letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">）</span>Robert Koller<span style="letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">教授在根系非損傷可視化技術(shù)及放射性碳標(biāo)記方面提供了重要技術(shù)支持恕出，該中心（</span>IBG-3<span style="letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">）</span>Andrea Schnepf<span style="letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">教授在根系結(jié)構(gòu)功能模型方面量化根系結(jié)構(gòu)及水分吸收；德國(guó)萊布尼茨育種中心</span>Ljudmilla Borisjuk<span style="letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">教授在種子原位</span>CT<span style="letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">可視化技術(shù)方面參與了該研究违帆；德國(guó)慕尼黑工業(yè)大學(xué)</span>Mutez Ali Ahmed<span style="letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">教授在根系</span>-<span style="letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">土壤水分互作模型方面參與了研究浙巫。</span><o:p></o:p></span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;white-space: normal;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">提高作物抗逆性、保障糧食安全刷后、實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展一直是國(guó)際科學(xué)界的重大挑戰(zhàn)的畴。根系作為植物唯一的地下器官，在水分養(yǎng)分吸收及抗倒伏方面發(fā)揮著至關(guān)重要的作用尝胆。由于根系的不可見(jiàn)性及量化表型的復(fù)雜性丧裁，使得作物根系研究較葉片和籽粒而言一直相對(duì)滯后。禾本科作物玉米作為成功的馴化植物含衔，在保障全球糧食安全方面發(fā)揮了重要</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;">作用煎娇。然而二庵，玉米復(fù)雜的根系結(jié)構(gòu)形態(tài)以及形成的遺傳機(jī)理及生態(tài)適應(yīng)性軌跡一直未知。理解作物根系建成的遺傳學(xué)基礎(chǔ)及環(huán)境適應(yīng)性驅(qū)動(dòng)力缓呛，對(duì)于高效挖掘抗逆并適應(yīng)未來(lái)氣候變化的作物資源具有重大理論意義催享。</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;white-space: normal;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">本研究基于</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;">全球</span>9000</span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">余份玉米種質(zhì)資源（包括玉米野生近緣種大芻草，地方品種和現(xiàn)代自交系）哟绊，對(duì)其進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的根系表型鑒定發(fā)現(xiàn)多數(shù)大芻草沒(méi)有種子根因妙，而地方品</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;">種和現(xiàn)代玉米自交系平均種子根數(shù)目在</span>3</span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: "Times New Roman";">-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;">4<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">之間，結(jié)合之前發(fā)表的考古學(xué)證據(jù)匿情，揭示種子根的形成可能符合作物馴化歷史及適應(yīng)性擴(kuò)散過(guò)程</span></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">兰迫。為進(jìn)一步</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;">解析種子根形成與環(huán)境因子的關(guān)系，利用機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)方法炬称，發(fā)現(xiàn)晝夜溫差變化與降雨季節(jié)性對(duì)種子根數(shù)目變化具有最大貢獻(xiàn)汁果；值得一提的是，全新世中期（距今</span>6000<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">年前）古氣候降水量作為重要的環(huán)境因子可以顯著解釋這一變異玲躯，說(shuō)明玉米根系的水化適應(yīng)性與一定的進(jìn)化趨勢(shì)有關(guān)据德。</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></section><p style="text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-galleryid="" data-imgfileid="100116688" data-ratio="0.4898148148148148" data-s="300,640" data-src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_png/BI9DBRVfPTS2uuWnaRzS39kkOicJMSRUE1S8Q3GjBblj3h8HrGe7dicDbRmlhZs3iaibmm4c2a7mkl5ibfa8HfA78GQ/640?wx_fmt=png&from=appmsg" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 677px !important; height: 331.605px !important;" data-original-style="" data-index="3" src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/7698829-2e14096cffaee758.png" _width="677px" crossorigin="anonymous" alt="圖片"></p><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;white-space: normal;background: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;">圖</span>1.?<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">玉米種子根數(shù)目在馴化及全球適應(yīng)性過(guò)程中的表型變異趨勢(shì)</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;white-space: normal;background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;">進(jìn)一步利用玉米起源地墨西哥材料進(jìn)行環(huán)境</span>-<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">基因組學(xué)關(guān)聯(lián)分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)了大量與環(huán)境適應(yīng)性有關(guān)的基因組變異位點(diǎn)跷车。結(jié)合</span>MAGIC<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">群體棘利，發(fā)現(xiàn)種子根數(shù)目與緯度變化</span>-<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">水分的適應(yīng)性及共選擇的基因組區(qū)段</span></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">相關(guān)</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;">。因此朽缴，生態(tài)和基因組模型表明種子根的變異可能是通過(guò)適應(yīng)新環(huán)境的間接選擇而形成的善玫。先前群體遺傳分析表明，墨西哥西北部玉米的擴(kuò)張及其隨后向美國(guó)西南部（亞利桑那州和新墨西哥州）干燥環(huán)境的適應(yīng)密强。本研究來(lái)自于美國(guó)西南部玉米種質(zhì)資源的種子根數(shù)目較低茅郎。有趣的是，我們僅在美國(guó)或渤、加拿大和一些歐洲國(guó)家觀察到如此低的種子根數(shù)目系冗，這與來(lái)自美國(guó)西南部的</span>Northern Flint<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">（硬粒玉米）的馴化及全球適應(yīng)性歷史密切相關(guān)。通過(guò)對(duì)現(xiàn)代美國(guó)及歐洲玉米自交系進(jìn)行基因組滲入分析發(fā)現(xiàn)薪鹦，</span>Northern Flint<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">種質(zhì)的滲入比例與種子根數(shù)目呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān)掌敬，同時(shí)利用</span>778?<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">個(gè)地理上來(lái)源不同的美國(guó)地方</span></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">品種進(jìn)行基因型鑒定，并</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;">發(fā)現(xiàn)相同結(jié)論池磁。最后奔害，我們還評(píng)估了一組攜帶</span>Northern Flint<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">地方品種?</span>Gaspé Flint?<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">基因組區(qū)域的基因滲入系〉叵ǎ總而言之舀武，</span></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">攜帶</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;">美國(guó)西南部</span>Northern Flint<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">種質(zhì)的等位基因是決定玉米局部適應(yīng)不同環(huán)境過(guò)程中種子根變異的重要因素。</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></section><p style="text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-galleryid="" data-imgfileid="100116687" data-ratio="0.5407407407407407" data-s="300,640" data-src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_png/BI9DBRVfPTS2uuWnaRzS39kkOicJMSRUEWqxVXEtbQCmw5xCx3BXTeL2eCTCRYHerXRiacZncEcN8hreaPEY7WWg/640?wx_fmt=png&from=appmsg" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 677px !important; height: 366.081px !important;" data-original-style="" data-index="4" src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/7698829-1473fa267b1a408d.png" _width="677px" crossorigin="anonymous" alt="圖片"></p><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;white-space: normal;background: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;">圖</span>2.?<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">玉米種子根數(shù)目的地理環(huán)境適應(yīng)性及基因組選擇</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;white-space: normal;background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">接下來(lái)离斩，我們研究了種子根變異對(duì)系統(tǒng)根系結(jié)構(gòu)及形態(tài)的影響银舱，基于</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;">218?<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">份代表性玉米地方</span></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">品</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;">種瘪匿，使用計(jì)算機(jī)根模型</span>CPlantBox<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">對(duì)其進(jìn)行根系結(jié)構(gòu)和形態(tài)特征評(píng)估模擬。結(jié)果表明寻馏，種子根系統(tǒng)變異影響整個(gè)幼苗根系結(jié)構(gòu)棋弥，與初生根長(zhǎng)度和側(cè)根密度呈負(fù)相關(guān)。我們</span></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">還</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;">發(fā)現(xiàn)诚欠，種子根的變化通過(guò)調(diào)節(jié)整體根系水導(dǎo)性能</span>?Krs?<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">來(lái)影響幼苗活力顽染。為了研究種子根的變化是否會(huì)在土壤條件下重塑根系結(jié)構(gòu)，我們使用磁共振成像和正電子發(fā)射斷層掃描?</span>(MRI-PET)?<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">將玉米無(wú)種子根突變體?</span></span><em><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;">rtcs</span></em><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;">?<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">與平均產(chǎn)生</span></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: "Times New Roman";">3</span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">個(gè)種子根的野生型材料進(jìn)行土壤原位比較轰绵，發(fā)現(xiàn)種子根的變化會(huì)影響整個(gè)根系的系統(tǒng)維度和數(shù)目粉寞，這可能會(huì)決定植物捕獲水分的能力。進(jìn)一步</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;">左腔，我們使用</span>?218?<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">個(gè)地方</span></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">品</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;">種的</span>?CPlantBox<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">來(lái)確定它們的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)吸收分?jǐn)?shù)?</span>(SUF)<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">唧垦，并證明側(cè)根對(duì)總根吸水量的潛在相對(duì)貢獻(xiàn)隨著種子根的增加而減少。</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></section><p style="text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-galleryid="" data-imgfileid="100116691" data-ratio="0.4527777777777778" data-s="300,640" data-src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_png/BI9DBRVfPTS2uuWnaRzS39kkOicJMSRUE2SZYCZ24nfAeK4iaWskeVUicQJ6JkAMHqXsOALTJ2A6pxDKfBnuFHDLw/640?wx_fmt=png&from=appmsg" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 677px !important; height: 306.531px !important;" data-original-style="" data-index="5" src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/7698829-56d10d33c8d72b99.png" _width="677px" crossorigin="anonymous" alt="圖片"></p><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;white-space: normal;background: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;">圖</span>3.?<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">玉米</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;">根系非損傷可視化技術(shù)及放射性碳</span>C</span></strong><strong>^{<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";vertical-align: super;">11</span>}</strong><strong><span style="font-family: 仿宋;">標(biāo)記</span></strong><strong><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;white-space: normal;"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">為闡明玉米種子根數(shù)目</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;">變異的遺傳基礎(chǔ)液样，我們使用來(lái)自于全球</span>1,604?<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">份</span></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">玉米</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;">自交系進(jìn)行</span>GWAS<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">分析振亮，</span></span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">挖掘</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;">到</span>160?<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">個(gè)</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;">候選基因。利用</span>BonnMu<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">根系突變體庫(kù)及</span>CRISPR/Cas9<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">敲除株系鞭莽，最終確定位于第</span>9<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">號(hào)染色體上的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵候選基因</span></span><em><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;">ZmHb77</span></em><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">坊秸。功能驗(yàn)證發(fā)現(xiàn)</span><em><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;">ZmHb77</span></em><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">通過(guò)控制種子根數(shù)目系統(tǒng)調(diào)節(jié)側(cè)根密度，進(jìn)而影響根系整體的吸水能力</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;">澎怒，</span><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">可提高玉米苗期的抗旱性褒搔，并進(jìn)一步挖掘到該基因控制根系構(gòu)型及其抗旱性的有利等位變異。最后喷面，通過(guò)玉米籽粒胚及其根系中柱基因表達(dá)分析星瘾，發(fā)現(xiàn)該基因調(diào)節(jié)種子根數(shù)目的同時(shí)影響側(cè)根發(fā)育及其密度，進(jìn)一步影響玉米的抗</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;">旱性乖酬。</span><o:p></o:p></span></span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;white-space: normal;background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><span style="font-size: 14px;font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;">該項(xiàng)研究得到了德國(guó)</span>DFG-Emmy Noether<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">優(yōu)秀青年項(xiàng)目死相、德國(guó)可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)</span>PhenoRob cluster<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">和?</span>DFG<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">重大群體</span>“<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">根際</span>”<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">項(xiàng)目</span>SPP2089<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">等資助</span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">融求，</span><span style="font-size: 14px;font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;">同時(shí)得到中國(guó)</span>“<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">十四五</span>”<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃（</span>2021YFD1200700<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">）咬像、國(guó)際大科學(xué)計(jì)劃</span>G2P<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">（</span></span><span style="font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">2020YFE0202300</span><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">）和中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院創(chuàng)新工程等項(xiàng)目資助。</span></span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;white-space: normal;background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 14px;"><strong><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;">德國(guó)波恩大學(xué)于鵬課題組（</span>DFG Emmy Noether Root Functional Biology<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">）</span></span></strong><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;">從事作物根系功能生物學(xué)研究生宛，主要方向?yàn)椋?lt;/span>1<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">）植物根系形成的進(jìn)化及遺傳調(diào)控機(jī)理县昂，（</span>2<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">）作物根系馴化及環(huán)境選擇的生態(tài)適應(yīng)性過(guò)程，（</span>3<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">）根系發(fā)育過(guò)程與外界環(huán)境脅迫應(yīng)答機(jī)制陷舅，（</span>4<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">）根系遺傳調(diào)控與環(huán)境微生物互作植物分子遺傳學(xué)及微生物學(xué)研究倒彰；以禾本科作物為主要研究對(duì)象，基于群體遺傳多樣性及根系發(fā)育突變體莱睁，應(yīng)用植物和微生物多組學(xué)聯(lián)合研究技術(shù)待讳，根系組織</span>-<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">單細(xì)胞水平如細(xì)胞激光捕獲技術(shù)（</span>laser capture microdissection<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">）及根系</span>/<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">根際非損傷養(yǎng)分分布可視化技術(shù)（</span>MRI-PET, NanoSIMS<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">）芒澜，立足于作物根系遺傳，植物營(yíng)養(yǎng)田間實(shí)際問(wèn)題回答作物根系發(fā)育及其與微生物互惠生物學(xué)機(jī)理创淡，并應(yīng)用于作物遺傳改良及農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)痴晦，目標(biāo)農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的高生產(chǎn)力，高抗逆性琳彩，最終實(shí)現(xiàn)環(huán)境及生命系統(tǒng)的健康誊酌。</span></span><span style="color: rgb(0, 122, 170);"><strong><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;">該課題組及其主要成員近期會(huì)遷往</span>“<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">慕尼黑工業(yè)大學(xué)</span>”<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">生命科學(xué)研究中心建立</span>“<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">植物遺傳</span>”<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">課題組，未來(lái)課題組依托于國(guó)家留學(xué)基金委</span>CSC<span style="font-family: 仿宋;">常年招收博士及訪問(wèn)學(xué)者露乏，有志于從事農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)研究碧浊，具有科研熱情的博士及博士后，</span></span><span style="text-decoration: underline;font-family: "Times New Roman";letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"><span style="font-family: 仿宋;">請(qǐng)聯(lián)系</span>yupeng@uni-bonn.de</span></strong></span></span><span style="font-size: 16px;"><strong><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></span></section><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;white-space: normal;background: rgb(255, 255, 255);margin-bottom: 0px;word-break: break-all !important;"><em><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">來(lái)源：</span></em><em><span style="font-size: 14px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;font-family: 仿宋;">Modern農(nóng)業(yè) MODA</span></em></section><section class="mp_profile_iframe_wrp"><mp-common-profile class="js_uneditable custom_select_card mp_profile_iframe mp_common_widget js_wx_tap_highlight" data-pluginname="mpprofile" data-id="MzI0NzA3MTk2NQ==" data-headimg="http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_png/LQHkjJm6BFtNlZ2KUiaej6e3PvC1fYZ1ByKUb3IsGORNplz2Iic9hWJYzIYMjrxibONsR0mxEibzW6t4vWfj3TePvA/300?wx_fmt=png&wxfrom=19" data-nickname="生物信息與育種" data-alias="xingzhe-2016" data-signature="致力將生信瘟仿、AI箱锐、大數(shù)據(jù)、云計(jì)算等技術(shù)應(yīng)用于現(xiàn)代生物育種" data-from="0" data-is_biz_ban="0" data-origin_num="153" data-isban="0" data-biz_account_status="0" data-index="0"></mp-common-profile></section><p style="text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-imgfileid="515454302" data-ratio="0.5392051557465092" data-s="300,640" data-src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_png/LQHkjJm6BFvAqR7rLMwlvRFg4x5tVnYpqx8al9bDWWCZk5yWo2GSSoaOJqTDeqj97z0GUBiaPMjIqmWphYmxB2A/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="931" style="width: 677px !important; height: 365.042px !important;" data-original-style="" data-index="6" src="https://upload-images.jianshu.io/upload_images/7698829-b3de9751692b3c0d.png" _width="677px" crossorigin="anonymous" alt="圖片"></p><section style="margin-right: 8px;margin-left: 8px;letter-spacing: 0.578px;white-space: normal;background: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-size: 16px;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman";color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.35pt;"></span></span></section></section><p style="display: none;"><mp-style-type data-value="3"></mp-style-type></p><blockquote><p>本文使用 <a href="http://www.reibang.com/p/5709df6fb58d" class="internal">文章同步助手</a> 同步</p></blockquote>