# Spring Boot 自動(dòng)化配置原理
> 我們經(jīng)常使用Spring Boot,是否知道Spring Boot自動(dòng)化配置是怎么實(shí)現(xiàn)的呢尔当?
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## 一 初識(shí)自動(dòng)化配置
Spring Boot自動(dòng)化配置依賴于@EnableAutoConfiguration注解<br />該注解會(huì)在@SpringBootApplication中包含<br />該注解為一個(gè)復(fù)合注解包含了以下注解<br />@SpringBootConfiguration 標(biāo)識(shí)該類是一個(gè)配置類<br />@EnableAutoConfiguration 開啟自動(dòng)化配置<br />@ComponentScan 掃描該類下的所有包配置的bean<br />![image.png](https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2020/png/1751881/1605766349305-e5b2ae88-5100-4f06-9012-359fb970484b.png#align=left&display=inline&height=233&margin=%5Bobject%20Object%5D&name=image.png&originHeight=466&originWidth=916&size=60525&status=done&style=none&width=458)
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## 二 揭開自動(dòng)化配置面紗
**@EnableAutoConfiguratio**n 今天我們主要關(guān)注的是這個(gè)注解 <br />此注解為一個(gè)復(fù)合注解包含了<br />**@AutoConfigurationPackage **<br />該注解會(huì)導(dǎo)入一個(gè)**AutoConfigurationPackages**類<br />![image.png](https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2020/png/1751881/1605774036383-146af0c9-a623-4b10-8b73-07c4b649c5b4.png#align=left&display=inline&height=227&margin=%5Bobject%20Object%5D&name=image.png&originHeight=454&originWidth=1019&size=50537&status=done&style=none&width=509.5)<br />**該方法****將主程序類所在包及所有子包下的組件到掃描到spring容器中完成****項(xiàng)目包下組件的自動(dòng)注冊(cè)**
> **至此我們完成了自動(dòng)化配置中自己的組件的自動(dòng)化配置,那么我們依賴的jar包自動(dòng)化配置說怎么實(shí)現(xiàn)的呢霞怀,請(qǐng)繼續(xù)往下看**
![image.png](https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2020/png/1751881/1605775088571-79912d2c-5d1d-4d65-969c-85d29fdbf315.png#align=left&display=inline&height=299&margin=%5Bobject%20Object%5D&name=image.png&originHeight=598&originWidth=1814&size=127855&status=done&style=none&width=907)<br />![image.png](https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2020/png/1751881/1605775171339-f9ee7973-5264-4bcc-9296-d6dfcf93d278.png#align=left&display=inline&height=284&margin=%5Bobject%20Object%5D&name=image.png&originHeight=568&originWidth=1003&size=78791&status=done&style=none&width=501.5)
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## 三 深入自動(dòng)化配置
**我們繼續(xù)回到****EnableAutoConfiguration****注解 **<br />**![image.png](https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2020/png/1751881/1605777120808-058819b5-b772-4c66-a500-640a2bb839da.png#align=left&display=inline&height=374&margin=%5Bobject%20Object%5D&name=image.png&originHeight=749&originWidth=733&size=64165&status=done&style=none&width=366.5)**
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### 該注解包含2個(gè)屬性:
exclude:根據(jù)類排除不使用的自動(dòng)配置欢嘿;<br />excludeName:根據(jù)類名排除不使用的自動(dòng)配置;<br />并導(dǎo)入了**AutoConfigurationImportSelector**類 該類的核心方法為**getCandidateConfigurations**通過該方法即可獲取到(spring-boot-2.1.3.RELEASE.jar/META-INF/spring.factories) 下的配置文件揩局,該文件為spring boot自動(dòng)化配置的配置文件毫玖,至此我們獲取到的是所有的自動(dòng)化配置類,那么spring boot的按需導(dǎo)入是怎么實(shí)現(xiàn)的呢凌盯,請(qǐng)繼續(xù)往下看<br />![image.png](https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2020/png/1751881/1605776345938-dfe94697-90f9-4c97-97d9-c557f5ca3a1f.png#align=left&display=inline&height=328&margin=%5Bobject%20Object%5D&name=image.png&originHeight=655&originWidth=1284&size=93261&status=done&style=none&width=642)<br />![image.png](https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2020/png/1751881/1605776688829-6f621201-ffda-419d-bb1c-f36d6d314ee3.png#align=left&display=inline&height=424&margin=%5Bobject%20Object%5D&name=image.png&originHeight=848&originWidth=1668&size=180815&status=done&style=none&width=834)<br />![image.png](https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2020/png/1751881/1605776722465-56b97643-9223-4bcc-b05c-d4a40031ec43.png#align=left&display=inline&height=437&margin=%5Bobject%20Object%5D&name=image.png&originHeight=873&originWidth=1573&size=201935&status=done&style=none&width=786.5)<br />![image.png](https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2020/png/1751881/1605777393268-9c7a8c52-9e1e-4665-999a-44a68b5bffff.png#align=left&display=inline&height=239&margin=%5Bobject%20Object%5D&name=image.png&originHeight=478&originWidth=1038&size=95520&status=done&style=none&width=519)<br /><br />因?yàn)閟pring boot是按需配置所以我們還需要根據(jù)引入的依賴篩選出需要的配置付枫,核心方法如下
```java
protected AutoConfigurationEntry getAutoConfigurationEntry(
AutoConfigurationMetadata autoConfigurationMetadata,
AnnotationMetadata annotationMetadata) {
? ? ? ? //判斷是否開啟自動(dòng)配置
if (!isEnabled(annotationMetadata)) {
return EMPTY_ENTRY;
}
AnnotationAttributes attributes = getAttributes(annotationMetadata);
? ? ? //獲取自動(dòng)配置文件和配置
List<String> configurations = getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata,
attributes);
? ? ? ? //刪除重復(fù)項(xiàng)
configurations = removeDuplicates(configurations);
? ? ? ? //獲取排除的自動(dòng)化配置
Set<String> exclusions = getExclusions(annotationMetadata, attributes);
? ? ? ? //檢查排除的自動(dòng)化配置
checkExcludedClasses(configurations, exclusions);
? ? ? //移除排除的自動(dòng)化配置
configurations.removeAll(exclusions);
? ? ? //根據(jù)引入的依賴按需導(dǎo)入自動(dòng)配置
configurations = filter(configurations, autoConfigurationMetadata);
? ? ? ? //觸發(fā)自動(dòng)化配置
fireAutoConfigurationImportEvents(configurations, exclusions);
return new AutoConfigurationEntry(configurations, exclusions);
}
```
filter方法會(huì)過濾我們的自動(dòng)化配置類 ,規(guī)則是根據(jù)我們配置類上的? @Conditiona系列注解<br />![image.png](https://cdn.nlark.com/yuque/0/2020/png/1751881/1605779980417-f5d8e3cc-3a9e-4dac-bc3e-328d40b8b9eb.png#align=left&display=inline&height=246&margin=%5Bobject%20Object%5D&name=image.png&originHeight=491&originWidth=1254&size=80896&status=done&style=none&width=627)
> @Conditiona系列注解含義驰怎,將在明天給大家講解,明天會(huì)做一個(gè)自動(dòng)配置的例子 希望大家關(guān)注一下