一羊精、實驗背景
當執(zhí)行 docker pull 的時候替裆,你可能會比較好奇体谒,docker 會去哪兒查找并下載鏡像呢?
它實際上是從 registry.hub.docker.com 這個地址去查找翻默,這就是Docker公司為我們提供的公共倉庫缸沃,上面的鏡像,大家都可以看到修械,也可以使用趾牧。所以,我們也可以帶上倉庫地址去拉取鏡像肯污,如:docker pull registry.hub.docker.com/library/alpine翘单,不過要注意,這種方式下載的鏡像的默認名稱就會長一些仇箱。
如果要在公司中使用 Docker县恕,我們基本不可能把商業(yè)項目上傳到公共倉庫中,那如果要多個機器共享剂桥,又能怎么辦呢? 正因為這種需要属提,所以私有倉庫也就有用武之地了权逗。 所謂私有倉庫,也就是在本地(局域網(wǎng))搭建的一個類似公共倉庫的東西冤议,搭建好之后斟薇,我們可以將鏡像提交到私有倉庫中。這樣我們既能使用 Docker 來運行我們的項目鏡像恕酸,也避免了商業(yè)項目暴露出去的風險堪滨。
# ping? registry.hub.docker.com
# echo > /dev/tcp/3.224.62.138/80
# echo > /dev/tcp/3.224.62.138/443
# echo? > /dev/tcp/registry.hub.docker.com/80
# echo? > /dev/tcp/registry.hub.docker.com/443
# curl -I? http://registry.hub.docker.com
# curl -I? https://registry.hub.docker.com
# docker search alpine
# docker pull? alpine
# docker pull registry.hub.docker.com/library/alpine
# docker images
二、實驗環(huán)境
操作系統(tǒng): CentOS7.5 Minimal
registryServer: 192.168.1.105
registryClient: 192.168.1.102
三蕊温、安裝docker
在registryServer和registryClient服務器
下載docker二進制安裝包
# yum? -y install? wget
# wget? https://download.docker.com/linux/static/stable/x86_64/docker-18.06.0-ce.tgz
#? tar -zxf? docker-18.06.0-ce.tgz
#? ll? ./docker
# cp ./docker/docker*? /usr/bin
創(chuàng)建docker服務的unit文件
# vim? /etc/systemd/system/docker.service
##############################################################
[Unit]
Description=Docker Application Container Engine
Documentation=https://docs.docker.com
After=network-online.target firewalld.service
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=notify
# the default is not to use systemd for cgroups because the delegate issues still
# exists and systemd currently does not support the cgroup feature set required
# for containers run by docker
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
# Having non-zero Limit*s causes performance problems due to accounting overhead
# in the kernel. We recommend using cgroups to do container-local accounting.
LimitNOFILE=infinity
LimitNPROC=infinity
LimitCORE=infinity
# Uncomment TasksMax if your systemd version supports it.
# Only systemd 226 and above support this version.
#TasksMax=infinity
TimeoutStartSec=0
# set delegate yes so that systemd does not reset the cgroups of docker containers
Delegate=yes
# kill only the docker process, not all processes in the cgroup
KillMode=process
# restart the docker process if it exits prematurely
Restart=on-failure
StartLimitBurst=3
StartLimitInterval=60s
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
#######################################################
啟動docker服務袱箱,設置開機自啟
# systemctl daemon-reload
# systemctl start docker
# systemctl? status docker
# systemctl enable docker
# docker? info
# docker? version
設置鏡像加速
#? curl -sSL https://get.daocloud.io/daotools/set_mirror.sh | sh -s http://f1361db2.m.daocloud.io
#? systemctl restart docker
四、安裝 registry server
拉取docker registry官方鏡像
# docker pull registry
# docker run? -it --rm registry? ? cat /etc/shells
# docker run? -it --rm registry? ? cat /etc/issue
# docker run? -it --rm registry? ? sh? -c "registry? -h"
# docker run? -it --rm registry? ? sh? -c "registry? -v"
創(chuàng)建registry server相關目錄
#? mkdir? -p? /opt/registry/data
#? mkdir? -p? /opt/registry/config
#? mkdir -p? /opt/registry/certs
# mnkir? -p? /opt/registry/auth
生產(chǎn)外掛配置文件
# docker run? -it? --rm? registry? sh? -c? 'cat /etc/docker/registry/config.yml'? >? /opt/registry/config/config.yml
#? cat? /opt/registry/config/config.yml
自建CA义矛,生成自簽名證書
##########################################################
# openssl req -x509 \
? -nodes \
? -newkey rsa:4096 \
? -days 3650 \
? -sha256 \
? -subj "/C=CN/ST=Gunagdong/L=Shenzhen/O=CA/OU=CA/CN=www.ca.com" \
? -keyout /opt/registry/certs/ca.key \
? -out? ? /opt/registry/certs/ca.crt
# openssl req \
? -nodes \
? -newkey rsa:4096 \
? -sha256 \
? -subj "/C=CN/ST=Gunagdong/L=Shenzhen/O=Test/OU=Test/CN=www.registry.com" \
? -keyout /opt/registry/certs/registry.key \
? -out? ? /opt/registry/certs/registry.csr
echo "
authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid,issuer
basicConstraints=CA:FALSE
keyUsage = digitalSignature, nonRepudiation, keyEncipherment, dataEncipherment
subjectAltName=IP:192.168.1.105,DNS:www.registry.com
" > extfile.cnf
# openssl x509 -req \
? -days 3650 \
? -CAcreateserial \
? -CA? ? /opt/registry/certs/ca.crt \
? -CAkey /opt/registry/certs/ca.key \
? -extfile extfile.cnf \
? -in? /opt/registry/certs/registry.csr \
? -out /opt/registry/certs/registry.crt
#####################################################################
#? ls -l? /opt/registry/certs
生成認證用賬號密碼文件
# docker run? --entrypoint? htpasswd? registry? -Bbn? test? Test@123? >? /opt/registry/auth/htpasswd
# cat? /opt/registry/auth/htpasswd
創(chuàng)建服務的service文件
#? vim? /etc/systemd/system/registry.service?
################################################
[Unit]
Description=Registry Server
After=network-online.target docker.service
Requires=docker.service
[Service]
ExecStartPre=-/usr/bin/docker rm -f registry
ExecStart=/usr/bin/docker run \
? --name registry \
? -v /opt/registry/data:/var/lib/registry \
? -v /opt/registry/config/config.yml:/etc/docker/registry/config.yml \
? -v /opt/registry/certs:/certs \
? -e REGISTRY_HTTP_ADDR=0.0.0.0:443 \
? -e REGISTRY_HTTP_TLS_CERTIFICATE=/certs/registry.crt \
? -e REGISTRY_HTTP_TLS_KEY=/certs/registry.key \
? -v /opt/registry/auth:/auth \
? -e "REGISTRY_AUTH=htpasswd" \
? -e "REGISTRY_AUTH_HTPASSWD_REALM=Registry Realm" \
? -e REGISTRY_AUTH_HTPASSWD_PATH=/auth/htpasswd \
? -p 443:443 \
? registry
ExecStop=/usr/bin/docker stop registry
LimitNOFILE=65535
Restart=on-failure
StartLimitBurst=3
StartLimitInterval=60s
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
################################################
啟動服務发笔,設置開機自啟
# systemctl? daemon-reload
# systemctl? start registry
# systemctl? enable? registry
# systemctl? status? registry
# docker ps -a
# docker exec -it registry? sh? -c? "ps aux | grep registry"
# docker exec -it registry? sh? -c? "netstat -anpltu"
五、registryClient客戶端測試
方式一:通過獲取registryServer的CA證書
將服務端證書/opt/registry/certs/ca.crt 拷貝到了客戶端的 /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors目錄下
在registryClient服務器上
#? scp? root@192.168.1.105:/opt/registry/certs/ca.crt? /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors/
# update-ca-trust
# systemctl? restart docker
# cat? /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors/ca.crt
# openssl x509 -noout -text? -in? /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors/ca.crt
方式二:不通過CA證書凉翻,設置客戶端docker信任倉庫
# systemctl? status docker
# vim? /etc/systemd/system/docker.service
#####################################################
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd? --insecure-registry 192.168.1.105:443
######################################################
# systemctl? daemon-reload
# systemctl? restart? docker
六了讨、登錄創(chuàng)建的docker倉庫
在registryClient服務器上
測試registryserver上443端口的連通性
# echo? > /dev/tcp/192.168.1.105/443
# curl -v? http://192.168.1.105:443
# docker login 192.168.1.105:443? -u test? -p? "Test@123"
# cat /root/.docker/config.json
測試鏡像的pull/push
# docker pull busybox:latest
# docker tag? busybox:latest? 192.168.1.105:443/test/busybox:1.0.1-RC1
# docker push 192.168.1.105:443/test/busybox:1.0.1-RC1
七、參考
registry
https://hub.docker.com/_/registry
https://docs.docker.com/registry/deploying
用registry快速搭建私有鏡像倉庫
https://blog.51cto.com/ganbing/2080140
用docker registry 鏡像搭建私有測試倉庫
http://www.reibang.com/p/7337aa3f227b
用nginx 反向代理docker 私有 registry
http://www.reibang.com/p/143255035496
x509: cannot validate certificate for xx.xx.xx.xx because it doesn't contain any IP SANs
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/54622879/cannot-validate-certificate-for-ip-address-because-it-doesnt-contain-any-ip-s
x509: certificate signed by unknown authority
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/50768317/docker-pull-certificate-signed-by-unknown-authority
docker registry 私有倉庫 安裝配置、查詢前计、刪除
https://www.cnblogs.com/elvi/p/8384604.html
https://www.cnblogs.com/elvi/p/8384675.html
Docker私有倉庫搭建及鏡像刪除
http://www.louisvv.com/archives/1130.html
docker registry 鏡像刪除
https://blog.51cto.com/132408/1946401
docker私有倉庫刪除image
https://blog.51cto.com/302876016/1966816
https://blog.csdn.net/l6807718/article/details/52886546
Docker Registry之刪除鏡像胞谭、垃圾回收
https://blog.csdn.net/u010884123/article/details/56838644
What is the difference between an image and a repository?
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/31115098/what-is-the-difference-between-an-image-and-a-repository
What is the Differences between Docker registry and repository?
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/34004076/difference-between-docker-registry-and-repository
How To Set Up a Private Docker Registry on Ubuntu 18.04?
https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-set-up-a-private-docker-registry-on-ubuntu-18-04