一、CoreData的簡(jiǎn)單使用
準(zhǔn)備工作
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創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
- 新建文件琢蛤,選擇
CoreData
->DataModel
- 添加實(shí)體(表)蜓堕,
Add Entity
- 給表中添加屬性,點(diǎn)擊
Attributes
下方的‘+’號(hào)
- 新建文件琢蛤,選擇
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創(chuàng)建模型文件
- 新建文件博其,選擇
CoreData
->NSManaged Object subclass
- 根據(jù)提示套才,選擇實(shí)體
- 新建文件博其,選擇
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通過(guò)代碼,關(guān)聯(lián)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和實(shí)體
- (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; /* * 關(guān)聯(lián)的時(shí)候慕淡,如果本地沒(méi)有數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)文件背伴,Coreadata自己會(huì)創(chuàng)建 */ // 1. 上下文 NSManagedObjectContext *context = [[NSManagedObjectContext alloc] init]; // 2. 上下文關(guān)連數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) // 2.1 model模型文件 NSManagedObjectModel *model = [NSManagedObjectModel mergedModelFromBundles:nil]; // 2.2 持久化存儲(chǔ)調(diào)度器 // 持久化,把數(shù)據(jù)保存到一個(gè)文件峰髓,而不是內(nèi)存 NSPersistentStoreCoordinator *store = [[NSPersistentStoreCoordinator alloc] initWithManagedObjectModel:model]; // 2.3 設(shè)置CoreData數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的名字和路徑 NSString *doc = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) lastObject]; NSString *sqlitePath = [doc stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"company.sqlite"]; [store addPersistentStoreWithType:NSSQLiteStoreType configuration:nil URL:[NSURL fileURLWithPath:sqlitePath] options:nil error:nil]; context.persistentStoreCoordinator = store; _context = context; }
CoreData的基本操作(CURD)
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添加元素 - Create
-(IBAction)addEmployee{ // 創(chuàng)建一個(gè)員工對(duì)象 //Employee *emp = [[Employee alloc] init]; 不能用此方法創(chuàng)建 Employee *emp = [NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"Employee" inManagedObjectContext:_context]; emp.name = @"wangwu"; emp.height = @1.80; emp.birthday = [NSDate date]; // 直接保存數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) NSError *error = nil; [_context save:&error]; if (error) { NSLog(@"%@",error); } }
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讀取數(shù)據(jù) - Read
-(IBAction)readEmployee{ // 1.FetchRequest 獲取請(qǐng)求對(duì)象 NSFetchRequest *request = [NSFetchRequest fetchRequestWithEntityName:@"Employee"]; // 2.設(shè)置過(guò)濾條件 // 查找zhangsan NSPredicate *pre = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"name = %@", @"zhangsan"]; request.predicate = pre; // 3.設(shè)置排序 // 身高的升序排序 NSSortDescriptor *heigtSort = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@"height" ascending:NO]; request.sortDescriptors = @[heigtSort]; // 4.執(zhí)行請(qǐng)求 NSError *error = nil; NSArray *emps = [_context executeFetchRequest:request error:&error]; if (error) { NSLog(@"error"); } //NSLog(@"%@",emps); //遍歷員工 for (Employee *emp in emps) { NSLog(@"名字 %@ 身高 %@ 生日 %@",emp.name,emp.height,emp.birthday); } }
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修改數(shù)據(jù) - Update
-(IBAction)updateEmployee{ // 改變zhangsan的身高為2m // 1.查找到zhangsan // 1.1FectchRequest 抓取請(qǐng)求對(duì)象 NSFetchRequest *request = [NSFetchRequest fetchRequestWithEntityName:@"Employee"]; // 1.2設(shè)置過(guò)濾條件 // 查找zhangsan NSPredicate *pre = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"name = %@", @"zhangsan"]; request.predicate = pre; // 1.3執(zhí)行請(qǐng)求 NSArray *emps = [_context executeFetchRequest:request error:nil]; // 2.更新身高 for (Employee *e in emps) { e.height = @2.0; } // 3.保存 NSError *error = nil; [_context save:&error]; if (error) { NSLog(@"%@",error); } }
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刪除數(shù)據(jù) - Delete
-(IBAction)deleteEmployee{ // 刪除 lisi // 1.查找lisi // 1.1FectchRequest 抓取請(qǐng)求對(duì)象 NSFetchRequest *request = [NSFetchRequest fetchRequestWithEntityName:@"Employee"]; // 1.2設(shè)置過(guò)濾條件 // 查找zhangsan NSPredicate *pre = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"name = %@", @"lisi"]; request.predicate = pre; // 1.3執(zhí)行請(qǐng)求 NSArray *emps = [_context executeFetchRequest:request error:nil]; // 2.刪除 for (Employee *e in emps) { [_context deleteObject:e]; } // 3.保存 NSError *error = nil; [_context save:&error]; if (error) { NSLog(@"%@",error); } }
二傻寂、CoreData的表關(guān)聯(lián)
準(zhǔn)備工作
-
創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
- 新建文件,選擇
CoreData
->DataModel
- 添加實(shí)體(表)携兵,
Add Entity
疾掰, 注意:這里根據(jù)關(guān)聯(lián)添加多個(gè)實(shí)體 - 給表中添加屬性,點(diǎn)擊
Attributes
下方的‘+’號(hào)
- 新建文件,選擇
-
創(chuàng)建模型文件
- 新建文件徐紧,選擇
CoreData
->NSManaged Object subclass
- 根據(jù)提示静檬,選擇實(shí)體,注意:這里先選擇被關(guān)聯(lián)的實(shí)體并级,最后添加最上層的實(shí)體
- 新建文件徐紧,選擇
-
通過(guò)代碼拂檩,關(guān)聯(lián)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和實(shí)體
- (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; /* * 關(guān)聯(lián)的時(shí)候,如果本地沒(méi)有數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)文件嘲碧,Coreadata自己會(huì)創(chuàng)建 */ // 1. 上下文 NSManagedObjectContext *context = [[NSManagedObjectContext alloc] init]; // 2. 上下文關(guān)連數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) // 2.1 model模型文件 NSManagedObjectModel *model = [NSManagedObjectModel mergedModelFromBundles:nil]; // 2.2 持久化存儲(chǔ)調(diào)度器 // 持久化稻励,把數(shù)據(jù)保存到一個(gè)文件,而不是內(nèi)存 NSPersistentStoreCoordinator *store = [[NSPersistentStoreCoordinator alloc] initWithManagedObjectModel:model]; // 2.3 設(shè)置CoreData數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的名字和路徑 NSString *doc = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) lastObject]; NSString *sqlitePath = [doc stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"company.sqlite"]; [store addPersistentStoreWithType:NSSQLiteStoreType configuration:nil URL:[NSURL fileURLWithPath:sqlitePath] options:nil error:nil]; context.persistentStoreCoordinator = store; _context = context; }
基本操作
-
添加元素 - Create
-(IBAction)addEmployee{ // 1. 創(chuàng)建兩個(gè)部門(mén) ios android //1.1 iOS部門(mén) Department *iosDepart = [NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"Department" inManagedObjectContext:_context]; iosDepart.name = @"ios"; iosDepart.departNo = @"0001"; iosDepart.createDate = [NSDate date]; //1.2 Android部門(mén) Department *andrDepart = [NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"Department" inManagedObjectContext:_context]; andrDepart.name = @"android"; andrDepart.departNo = @"0002"; andrDepart.createDate = [NSDate date]; //2. 創(chuàng)建兩個(gè)員工對(duì)象 zhangsan屬于ios部門(mén) lisi屬于android部門(mén) //2.1 zhangsan Employee *zhangsan = [NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"Employee" inManagedObjectContext:_context]; zhangsan.name = @"zhangsan"; zhangsan.height = @(1.90); zhangsan.birthday = [NSDate date]; zhangsan.depart = iosDepart; //2.2 lisi Employee *lisi = [NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"Employee" inManagedObjectContext:_context]; lisi.name = @"lisi"; lisi.height = @2.0; lisi.birthday = [NSDate date]; lisi.depart = andrDepart; //3. 保存數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) NSError *error = nil; [_context save:&error]; if (error) { NSLog(@"%@",error); } }
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讀取信息 - Read
-(IBAction)readEmployee{ // 讀取ios部門(mén)的員工 // 1.FectchRequest 抓取請(qǐng)求對(duì)象 NSFetchRequest *request = [NSFetchRequest fetchRequestWithEntityName:@"Employee"]; // 2.設(shè)置過(guò)濾條件 NSPredicate *pre = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"depart.name = %@",@"android"]; request.predicate = pre; // 4.執(zhí)行請(qǐng)求 NSError *error = nil; NSArray *emps = [_context executeFetchRequest:request error:&error]; if (error) { NSLog(@"error"); } //遍歷員工 for (Employee *emp in emps) { NSLog(@"名字 %@ 部門(mén) %@",emp.name,emp.depart.name); } }
其他功能與前幾種類似呀潭,這里不在贅述
三钉迷、CoreData的模糊查詢
準(zhǔn)備工作和上面類似至非,主要是查詢方式不同
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模糊查詢
-(IBAction)readEmployee{ // 1.FectchRequest 抓取請(qǐng)求對(duì)象 NSFetchRequest *request = [NSFetchRequest fetchRequestWithEntityName:@"Employee"]; // 2.設(shè)置排序 // 按照身高的升序排序 NSSortDescriptor *heigtSort = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@"height" ascending:NO]; request.sortDescriptors = @[heigtSort]; // 3.模糊查詢 // 3.1 名字以"wang"開(kāi)頭 // NSPredicate *pre = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"name BEGINSWITH %@",@"wangwu1"]; // request.predicate = pre; // 名字以"1"結(jié)尾 // NSPredicate *pre = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"name ENDSWITH %@",@"1"]; // request.predicate = pre; // 名字包含"wu1" // NSPredicate *pre = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"name CONTAINS %@",@"wu1"]; // request.predicate = pre; // like 匹配 NSPredicate *pre = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"name like %@",@"*wu12"]; request.predicate = pre; // 4.執(zhí)行請(qǐng)求 NSError *error = nil; NSArray *emps = [_context executeFetchRequest:request error:&error]; if (error) { NSLog(@"error"); } //遍歷員工 for (Employee *emp in emps) { NSLog(@"名字 %@ 身高 %@ 生日 %@",emp.name,emp.height,emp.birthday); } }
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分頁(yè)查詢
-(void)pageSeacher{ // 1. FectchRequest 抓取請(qǐng)求對(duì)象 NSFetchRequest *request = [NSFetchRequest fetchRequestWithEntityName:@"Employee"]; // 2. 設(shè)置排序 // 身高的升序排序 NSSortDescriptor *heigtSort = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@"height" ascending:NO]; request.sortDescriptors = @[heigtSort]; // 3. 分頁(yè)查詢 // 總有共有15數(shù)據(jù) // 每次獲取6條數(shù)據(jù) // 第一頁(yè) 0,6 // 第二頁(yè) 6,6 // 第三頁(yè) 12,6 3條數(shù)據(jù) // 3.1 分頁(yè)的起始索引 request.fetchOffset = 12; // 3.2 分頁(yè)的條數(shù) request.fetchLimit = 6; // 4. 執(zhí)行請(qǐng)求 NSError *error = nil; NSArray *emps = [_context executeFetchRequest:request error:&error]; if (error) { NSLog(@"error"); } // 5. 遍歷員工 for (Employee *emp in emps) { NSLog(@"名字 %@ 身高 %@ 生日 %@",emp.name,emp.height,emp.birthday); } }
四钠署、多個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的使用
注意:
創(chuàng)建多個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),即創(chuàng)建多個(gè)
DataModel
一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)對(duì)應(yīng)一個(gè)上下文
需要根據(jù)bundle名創(chuàng)建上下文
添加或讀取信息荒椭,需要根據(jù)不同的上下文谐鼎,訪問(wèn)不同的實(shí)體
-
關(guān)聯(lián)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)和實(shí)體
- (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; // 一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)對(duì)應(yīng)一個(gè)上下文 _companyContext = [self setupContextWithModelName:@"Company"]; _weiboContext = [self setupContextWithModelName:@"Weibo"]; } /** * 根據(jù)模型文件,返回一個(gè)上下文 */ -(NSManagedObjectContext *)setupContextWithModelName:(NSString *)modelName{ // 1. 上下文 NSManagedObjectContext *context = [[NSManagedObjectContext alloc] init]; // 2. 上下文關(guān)連數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) // 2.1 model模型文件 // 注意:如果使用下面的方法趣惠,如果 bundles為nil 會(huì)把bundles里面的所有模型文件的表放在一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) //NSManagedObjectModel *model = [NSManagedObjectModel mergedModelFromBundles:nil]; // 改為以下的方法獲壤旯鳌: NSURL *companyURL = [[NSBundle mainBundle] URLForResource:modelName withExtension:@"momd"]; NSManagedObjectModel *model = [[NSManagedObjectModel alloc] initWithContentsOfURL:companyURL]; // 2.2 持久化存儲(chǔ)調(diào)度器 // 持久化身害,把數(shù)據(jù)保存到一個(gè)文件,而不是內(nèi)存 NSPersistentStoreCoordinator *store = [[NSPersistentStoreCoordinator alloc] initWithManagedObjectModel:model]; // 2.3 告訴Coredata數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的名字和路徑 NSString *doc = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) lastObject]; NSString *sqliteName = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@.sqlite",modelName]; NSString *sqlitePath = [doc stringByAppendingPathComponent:sqliteName]; [store addPersistentStoreWithType:NSSQLiteStoreType configuration:nil URL:[NSURL fileURLWithPath:sqlitePath] options:nil error:nil]; context.persistentStoreCoordinator = store; // 3. 返回上下文 return context; }
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添加元素
-(IBAction)addEmployee{ // 1. 添加員工 Employee *emp = [NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"Employee" inManagedObjectContext:_companyContext]; emp.name = @"zhagsan"; emp.height = @2.3; emp.birthday = [NSDate date]; // 直接保存數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) [_companyContext save:nil]; // 2. 發(fā)微博 Status *status =[NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"Status" inManagedObjectContext:_weiboContext]; status.text = @"發(fā)了一條微博草戈!"; status.createDate = [NSDate date]; [_weiboContext save:nil]; }
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