- 認(rèn)識這個詞（基礎(chǔ)篇）
詞：shift
英英釋義：a change in something, for example in someone's ideas or opinions
例句：There has been a marked shift in attitudes towards how to ask questions in the Phenomenal English community.
場景：學(xué)英語的方法睛竣。
造句：There has been a marked shift in opinion on how English should be learned.
marked:
1 easy to see
noticeable, distinct
a marked difference/improvement
a marked increase in profits
She is quiet and studious, in marked contrast to her sister.
The recent advertising campaign has had a marked effect on sales.
- 體會這個詞 （進階篇）
前面我們學(xué)過“shift”作動詞表示觀點淫痰、態(tài)度椭住、聚焦點等變化的用法直焙，“shift”做名詞也很常見财松，也可以表示同樣的意思。了解它不同詞性的用法扬卷，可以增強我們表達的多樣性涯鲁。
比如气筋，之前的一個例句是：
最近幾年大眾對同性戀的態(tài)度已經(jīng)有所改變了。Attitudes to homosexuality have shifted in recent years.
場景：人們對小鮮肉的態(tài)度栏尚。
造句：Attitudes to Little Fresh meat, slim young male stars with a taste for make-up, have shifted recently.
把這里的“shift'改成名詞，就可以改寫成：
Recent years have seen a shift in attitudes to homosexuality.
場景：蘋果手機只恨。
造句：Recent yearshave seen a shift in attituded to iphone.
注意這個句子中“shift”后面搭配的介詞是“in”译仗。除了“a shift in attitude”外，常用的搭配還有：
a shift in public opinion/perspective官觅；a shift in emphasis/mood/tone纵菌；a shift in direction/focus/policy/strategy
比如，經(jīng)濟低迷的時候人們的消費觀就會變化休涤，可以這么表達：
With the gloomy economy comes a shift in personal financial focus: people are more careful about spending and tend to spend primarily on truly necessary items.（這句話中使用了倒裝句式咱圆，把 comes 提前了，正常語序應(yīng)該是：A shift comes in personal financial focus with the gloomy economy功氨。）
《經(jīng)濟學(xué)人》一篇關(guān)于谷歌商業(yè)模式的文章中序苏，有幾句話正好同時用到了“shift”作名詞和動詞的用法：
Alphabet has confronted worrisome transitions before, such as the shift from desktop PCs to mobile. Its ad business is still booming, because it devised a way to deliver ads on small screens. It is possible that Google’s ad model could in future shift to taking a fee for each transaction it facilitates.
這句話的意思是：“Alphabet 已經(jīng)經(jīng)歷過一些令人擔(dān)憂的過渡，比如從個人臺式電腦到移動設(shè)備的轉(zhuǎn)變捷凄。它的廣告業(yè)務(wù)還很繁榮忱详，因為它設(shè)計了一種方法，可以將廣告投到很小的屏幕上跺涤。在未來谷歌的廣告模式很可能轉(zhuǎn)向?qū)ψ约捍俪傻拿恳还P交易都收費匈睁。”
大家在閱讀中要有“溫故而知新”的意識桶错，注意一個詞的不同詞性航唆，以及各自的使用特點。這樣在自己寫作的時候院刁，就可以寫出更靈活糯钙、地道的句子。
confront：
v
[T]
if a problem, difficulty etc confronts you, it appears and needs to be dealt with 〔問題﹑困難等〕使遇到，使面對
The problems confronting the new government were enormous. 新政府面臨的難題是巨大的超营。
be confronted with sth
Customers are confronted with a bewildering amount of choice. 顧客面前有琳瑯滿目的商品供選擇鸳玩。
- 從認(rèn)識到會用（作業(yè)）
1）復(fù)習(xí) “shift”（可點擊單詞直接跳轉(zhuǎn)）作動詞的用法。
2）使用《牛津英語搭配詞典》查“shift”演闭，了解它作名詞的常用搭配。
change 改變
[搭配]ADJ.
distinct, dramatic, fundamental, major, marked, profound, pronounced, radical, significant, substantial
明顯的/ 戲劇性的/ 根本的/ 重大的/ 深遠的/ 徹底的轉(zhuǎn)變
discernible
顯而易見的變化
slight, subtle
細微的變化颓帝；微妙的變化
gradual
逐漸的變化
abrupt, sudden
突然的改變
decisive, irreversible, long-term
決定性的變化米碰；不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的改變；長期的變化
climate, cultural, demographic, ideological, policy, population
氣候變化购城；文化變遷吕座；人口的轉(zhuǎn)移；意識形態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)變瘪板；政策變化
3）翻譯下面的句子：
中國經(jīng)濟正在經(jīng)歷從勞動密集型向智力密集型的轉(zhuǎn)變吴趴。
（參考翻譯：China is experiencing a shift from a labor-intensive economy to a knowledge-intensive economy.
The Chinese economy is undergoing a shift from brawn to brain.
場景：蘋果手機。
造句：Recent yearshave seen a shift in attituded to iphone.
場景：人們對小鮮肉的態(tài)度侮攀。
造句：Attitudes to Little Fresh meat, slim young male stars with a taste for make-up, have shifted recently.
場景：學(xué)英語的方法锣枝。
造句：There has been a marked shift in opinion on how English should be learned.
4）結(jié)合自己的生活、學(xué)習(xí)兰英、工作撇叁、興趣等，想象在什么語境下會用到這個表達畦贸。先簡要描述這個場景陨闹，再造句。
例子：
場景 ：
