Psychology is based on objective, verifiable evidence, so it is a science. It includes not only mental processes but also behaviors. In other words, psychology’s domain covers both internal mental processes that we observe only indirectly (such as thinking, feeling, and desiring) as well as external, observable behaviors (such as talking, smiling, and running). A discipline on treating mental illnesses is psychiatry. Therefore, psychology is neither mind reading nor a discipline on treating mental illnesses.
心理學是什么绒极？
首先鲜锚，心理學是一門科學，是客觀的、可以被證實的。
其次，心理學不是精神病學，所以他不僅僅是解決心理問題的學科。
那么聊疲，心理學的定義是什么呢？它研究人類心理過程和行為方式沪悲。心理過程包括：認知售睹、感覺、思維可训、記憶昌妹、意識等捶枢；行為方式是外顯的，比如交談飞崖、微笑烂叔、運動等。
Behavior has many levels. Choices and responses can help us to know the attitudes, opinions and so on. A micro expression is a brief, involuntary facial expression when instant emotion is being experienced. Physical movement is a measurement of the way we talk and move. There are motion labs specifically for measure of physical movement. In addition, psychologists usually use other types of movement such as Eye tracking, fMRI, EEG, TMS and Biopac to study behavior. Because behavior is any action can be observed and measured by other people, so it is not inner thoughts.
行為有很多層面的意思固歪。選擇和回應可以幫助我們了解態(tài)度及觀點蒜鸡。微表情是一直非言語的面部表情，持續(xù)1/15秒牢裳，行為不是內(nèi)隱的想法逢防，是可以在實驗室里被測量的，比如眼動蒲讯、核磁共振忘朝、腦電波、顱磁刺激判帮、生物艙技術(shù)等局嘁。
Six perspectives in psychology conclude biological, behavioral, developmental, cognitive, humanistic and social cultural. Comparative psychology is a branch concerned with the study of animal behavior. Organizational psychology, or Industrial Organizational psychology, is an applied area in Psychology that is concerned with human behavior relating to organizations and individuals in their work places as well as the individual's work-life relationships more generally.
心理學研究主要從六個方面著手，它們分別是生物心理學晦墙、行為心理學悦昵、發(fā)展心理學、認知心理學晌畅、人類心理學和社會心理學但指。比較心理學的分支關(guān)注動物的行為。組織心理學或工業(yè)組織心理學也是心理學的一種應用抗楔，關(guān)注人類在職業(yè)領(lǐng)域或者個人的職業(yè)生涯領(lǐng)域棋凳。這些都是心理學六大方向的旁支。
The marshmallow experiment is a longitudinal study. It found that the kids who resisted the marshmallow would become more successful in their future life.
棉花糖實驗（延遲滿足實驗）是一個縱向課題的研究谓谦。研究結(jié)果表明，那些通過延遲滿足試驗的孩子在今后的生活中更易獲得成功贪婉。
Abnormal psychology is an area that looks at psychopathology and abnormal behavior. Cognitive psychology focuses on internal states such as motivation, problem solving, decision making, thinking and attention. Social psychology aims to explain and understand social behavior, and looks at diverse topics including group behavior, social interactions, leadership, nonverbal communication and social influences on decision-making. Developmental psychology is a branch that looks at the development through lifespan from birth, childhood to adulthood, agedness.
變態(tài)心理學關(guān)注精神病理學和變態(tài)行為反粥。
認知心理學關(guān)注內(nèi)隱狀態(tài)，如動機疲迂、問題解決才顿、決策、思維和注意尤蒿。
社會心理學旨在解釋和理解社會行為郑气。包括多種群體行為、社會活動腰池、領(lǐng)導力尾组、非語言溝通忙芒、決策背后的社會影響等。
發(fā)展心理學關(guān)注人的一生讳侨，從出生呵萨、到幼年、青春期跨跨、成年潮峦、老年。
最后提及兩個學院派的流派勇婴。
一個是佛洛依德的精神分析忱嘹。關(guān)鍵詞：冰山理論：無意識、潛意識耕渴、前意識拘悦；力比多；人格三我萨螺；幾個階段窄做。
二是行為主義，代表人物華生慰技、斯金納椭盏、巴普洛夫。三個人都有經(jīng)典的實驗吻商。
思考
1.說錯話掏颊、說漏嘴是潛意識嗎？
2.行為主義怎么解釋小步子前進法呢艾帐？
3.華生是第一個以嬰兒做試驗的心理學家嗎乌叶？
