Part 1- Chunking- the essential tools
Video 1- 介紹了本章的學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容叨吮，會學(xué)到什么是有效的學(xué)習(xí)方法，以及什么是低效和無效的學(xué)習(xí)方法瞬矩。
Video 2- What is a chunk?
focused thinking mode is necessary for forming a chunk
Video 3&4- how to form a chunk?
1st step-focus attention
2nd step- understanding the problem and techniques that you are chunking
3rd step- practise to gain mastery and the context
視頻中歸納了chunk的方法茶鉴，首先要專注注意力，其次就是要理解所要學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容景用，最后是通過反復(fù)的練習(xí)和操練來更熟練的掌握所學(xué)習(xí)的知識和技能涵叮。
Video 5- illusions of competence
1-recall 復(fù)述和回憶的方式比反復(fù)閱讀更有效惭蹂。 rereading 只能作為spaced repetition發(fā)揮作用。
2-illusions of competence-看著學(xué)習(xí)的知識似曾相識割粮，便誤以為自己理解了學(xué)會了
3- 換個學(xué)習(xí)的場景來recall這樣可以避免subliminal cues
Part 2 -seeing the bigger picture
Video 1- motivate
Part A-Neuromodulators（神經(jīng)調(diào)節(jié)劑） are chemicals that influence how a neuron responds to other neurons.?
acetylcholine（乙酰膽堿）-在專注的時候起作用盾碗，并且能夠影響與long term memory相關(guān)的神經(jīng)
dopamine （多巴胺）-
1-在diffuse mode 的時候發(fā)揮作用，屬于獎賞學(xué)習(xí)系統(tǒng)的一部分舀瓢，對于即時獎勵和延時獎勵均有用廷雅。
2- addictive drugs 是通過刺激多巴胺分泌讓人上癮的
3- 多巴胺一般缺乏- 使人喪失興趣和主動性；多巴胺很缺乏會導(dǎo)致帕金森相關(guān)疾簿┧琛航缀；多巴胺嚴(yán)重缺乏會導(dǎo)致catatonia緊張癥
serotonin（血清素）-與人的社交活動相關(guān)；缺乏血清素會導(dǎo)致行為過激和沖動
Part B-Emotion 也會影響學(xué)習(xí)的效果
Video 2- the value of a library of chunks
1- 通過對很多chunk的創(chuàng)新式地組合堰怨，可以獲得新的想法谬盐，鞏固已有的知識技能
2- 當(dāng)掌握的chunk越大越越練，越容易幫助我們解決問題
3-chunk 還可以幫助學(xué)習(xí)新知識 -transfer
兩種解決問題的方法需要同時利用來解決問題诚些。
1-sequential- focused and deliberate step by step
2-holistic tuition- diffused mode?
Video 3-?Overlearning, Chunking, Einstellung, and Interleaving
Overlearning-可以幫助培養(yǎng)automaticity
deliberate practise- 專注復(fù)習(xí)和鞏固自己覺得難的部分
Einstellung- 也叫mindset飞傀，是人對事物和問題既有的認(rèn)知和看法，可能會阻礙你對事物產(chǎn)生新的看法
interleaving-嘗試解決一些不同的問題诬烹，從而受到新的啟發(fā)砸烦。可以跨學(xué)科绞吁，跨問題幢痘，從而獲得更多的靈感和創(chuàng)新思維的機會。
Video 4-Summary
1-what is chunk家破？ a set of information or neurons that are closed connected together
2- how to form chunk? focused attention->good understanding->practise
3- illusion of competence and recall- you might have the illusion that you've mastered certain knowledge or skills by just listening or reading it. The best way to check your mastry level is by testing yourself or recall the knowledge you remember.
4- Einstellung is the intial thought that you hold about something and it might prevent you from developing new and creative thoughts on this subject.
4- deliberate practise is when you consciously practise the knowledge that you found hard, which is a more efficient way of learning.
