? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Unit 1 知識梳理
Unit1. Where did you go on vacation?
【重點(diǎn)短語】
1. go on vacation 去度假
2. stay at home 呆在家
3. go to the mountains 上山/進(jìn)山
4. go to the beach 到海邊去
5. visit museums 參觀博物館
6. go to the summer camp 去夏令營
7. quite a few 相當(dāng)多
8. study for為…… 學(xué)習(xí)稀拐,
9. go out 出去
10. most of the time 大部分時(shí)間/絕大多數(shù)時(shí)間
11. taste good 嘗起來味道好
12. have a good time 玩的開心
13. of course 當(dāng)然可以
14. feel like 感覺像……/想要
15. go shopping 去購物
16. in the past 在過去
17. walk around 繞……走
18. too many 太多(可數(shù)名詞前面)
19. because of 因?yàn)?/p>
20. one bowl of 一碗……
21. find out 查出來/發(fā)現(xiàn)
22. go on 繼續(xù)
23. take photos 照相
24. something important 重要的事情
25. up and down 上上下下
26. come up 出來
【重點(diǎn)句型】
1. —Where did you go on vacation? 你到哪里去度假了绞吁?
? ? —I went to New York City. 我去了紐約城舟陆。
2. —Did you go out with anyone? 你出去帶人嗎巍膘?
? ? —No, No one was here. Everyone was on vacation.
? ? 不,沒有人在這兒阿浓。大家度去度假了种蘸。
3. —Did you buy anything special? 你買了什么特別的東西嗎方淤?
—Yes, I bought something for my father. 對矿辽,我給父親買了一些東西丹允。
4. —How was the food? 食物怎么樣?
? ? —Everything tasted really good.每一樣?xùn)|西真的都好吃袋倔。
5. —Did everyone have a good time?大家玩的開心嗎雕蔽?
? ? —Oh, yes. Everything was excellent.對,一切都很精彩宾娜。
6. There was nothing much to do in the evening but read.晚上除了讀書以外無事可做批狐。
? ? ? ? ? ? ? Unit 1 詞匯精講
1. anywhere
anywhere是副詞,意為“在任何地方”前塔,常用在否定句或疑問句中嚣艇,而在肯定句中,則多用somewhere华弓。例如:
? ? He can’t find his English book anywhere. 他到處找不到他的英語書髓废。
? ? I think he must live somewhere. 我覺得他肯定住在某個(gè)地方。
2. few
few 意為“少數(shù)的该抒;很少的”,只修飾可數(shù)名詞顶燕,表否定含義凑保。例如:
? ? I can see few birds in the tree. 我?guī)缀蹩床坏綐渖嫌续B。
a few 意為“幾個(gè)涌攻;少許” 相當(dāng)于several欧引,只修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),表肯定含義恳谎。例如:He has a few friends. 他有幾個(gè)朋友芝此。
【拓展】
(1) little 意為“很少憋肖;一點(diǎn)兒”,用于 “量婚苹;額岸更;價(jià)值”等概念,修飾不可數(shù)名詞膊升,表否定含義怎炊。little還表示“小的”之意。例如:
? ? There is little milk in the cup. 杯子里沒有牛奶了廓译。
? ? A little boy is coming. 一個(gè)小男孩過來了评肆。
(2) a little 意為“有點(diǎn)兒;少量” 修飾不可數(shù)名詞非区,表示肯定含義瓜挽。例如:
? ? He has a little money with him. 他隨身帶了點(diǎn)兒錢。
a little也可以用作副詞征绸,修飾形容詞久橙、副詞、動(dòng)詞以及介詞短語歹垫,表示“有點(diǎn)剥汤,稍稍”。例如:
? ? He is a little tired. 他有點(diǎn)累了排惨。
? ? You should walk a little faster. 你應(yīng)該走快一點(diǎn)吭敢。
? ? She was only a little over fifty years old.她才五十多一點(diǎn)。
(3) 相關(guān)短語:
? ? quite a few = not a few 相當(dāng)多的
? ? quite a little許多
? ? only a little = but a little 相當(dāng)少
3. most
(1) most后可直接跟名詞(可數(shù)或不可數(shù))暮芭,同時(shí)鹿驼,也可接有形容詞修飾的名詞。例如:
? ? Most boys like playing football. 大部分男孩都喜歡踢足球辕宏。
(2) most前有定冠詞時(shí)畜晰,可用來修飾多音節(jié)形容詞,表示最高級瑞筐,意為“最”凄鼻。但是,如果most前有不定冠詞a聚假,則表示“非常块蚌;很”,相當(dāng)于very膘格。例如:
? ? This is the most beautiful flower. 這是最漂亮的花峭范。
? ? She is a most beautiful girl. 她是個(gè)非常漂亮的姑娘。
(3) most后不能直接跟有定冠詞瘪贱、指示代詞或物主代詞所修飾的名詞纱控,用most of代替most辆毡。例如:
? ? I did most of that difficult work. 那件困難的工作絕大部分都是由我做的。
? ? Most of the time we eat fish. 絕大部分時(shí)間我們都吃魚肉甜害。
【拓展】
(1) almost = very nearly舶掖,指在程度上相差很少,almost可與no唾那,none访锻,nothing,never闹获,nobody等表示否定意義的詞連用期犬。例如:
? ? I almost missed the flight.我差一點(diǎn)誤了航班。
? ? Almost no one believed what he said.
? ? 幾乎沒人相信他的話避诽。
? (2) mostly=mainly 意為“大部分龟虎、主要地”。例如:
? ? The students in our class are mostly from the factory.
? ? 我們班的學(xué)生主要來自這家工廠沙庐。
? ? His stories were mostly about his travels in foreign countries.
? ? 他的故事大多是關(guān)于他在國外旅游的經(jīng)歷
4. bored
bored也是形容詞鲤妥,意為“感到厭煩的”,一般用來說明人的感受拱雏。例如:
? ? I’m bored with the book. 我對這本書厭煩了棉安。
【拓展】
(1) boring是形容詞,意為“令人厭煩的”铸抑,一般用來說明事物的特征贡耽。例如:
? ? The story is boring. 這個(gè)故事令人厭煩。
(2) 英語中鹊汛,帶-ing的形容詞蒲赂,用來形容事物,指某事物的性質(zhì)刁憋、特征滥嘴,意為“令人……的”“讓人……的”,常用事物作主語或作定語修飾物至耻。而帶-ed的是用來形容人的若皱,意為“感到……的”“使人……的”,其主語是人尘颓,類似的詞有:
? ? exciting 令人興奮的? ? excited (人)感到興奮的
? ? interesting 令人感興趣的? ? interested(人)感興趣的
? ? moving 令人感動(dòng)的? ? moved(人)感動(dòng)的
? ? tiring 令人厭倦的? ? tired(人)感到疲倦/累/厭煩的
5. decide
decide是動(dòng)詞是尖,意為“決定,選定”泥耀。常見用法有:
(1) decide sth.意為“決定某事”。? 例如:
? ? I can’t decide anything at the moment.
? ? 現(xiàn)在我不能做出任何決定蛔添。
? (2) decide to do sth. 意為“決定做某事”痰催。例如:
? ? We decide to go to Paris next month.
? ? 我們決定下個(gè)月去巴黎兜辞。
? ? The boy decided to be a sailor. 那男孩決定做海員。
? ? The doctors decided to operate on him for the tumor.
? ? 醫(yī)生們決定為他開刀切除腫瘤夸溶。
【拓展】
decide on…意為“由……決定逸吵;決定于……”。后面接名詞缝裁、代詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語扫皱。例如:
? ? I decided on going to Beijing at last.
? ? 最后我決定去北京了。
? ? My mother decided on the red dress.
? ? 我媽媽決定買下那件紅色的裙子捷绑。
6. enough
(1) enough作形容詞韩脑,意為“充足的,充分的粹污,足夠的”段多,可作表語或定語,作定語時(shí)壮吩,可放在名詞的前面或后面进苍。例如:
? ? The food is enough for the trip. 用于這次旅行的食物足夠了。
? ? I have enough time to watch TV. 我有足夠的時(shí)間看電視鸭叙。
? (2) enough還可作副詞觉啊,意為“足夠地”,這時(shí)enough需放在所修飾的形容詞或副詞后面沈贝。例如:
? ? The young man is strong enough to carry the heavy bag.
? ? 那個(gè)年輕人足夠強(qiáng)壯能搬動(dòng)重包杠人。
【拓展】
(1) enough…to do sth. “有足夠的……做某事”。例如:
? ? I don’t have enough time to eat lunch.
? ? 我沒有足夠的時(shí)間吃午飯缀程。
(2) …enough to do…可以同too…to…或so…that…結(jié)構(gòu)互相轉(zhuǎn)換搜吧。例如:
? ? He isn’t old enough to go to school.
? ? = He is too young to go to school.
? ? = He is so young that he can’t go to school.? 他太小而不能上學(xué)。
7. seem
seem是系動(dòng)詞杨凑,意為“好像滤奈,似乎,看來”撩满,后常接形容詞蜒程。例如:
? ? He seems very angry. 他好像非常生氣。
【拓展】
seem的用法歸納:
? (1) seem + 名詞? 例如:
? ? He seems a nice man. 他看起來是個(gè)好人伺帘。
? (2) seem like…意為“好像昭躺,似乎……”。? 例如:? It seemed like not a bad idea at that time. 那時(shí)這主意好像不錯(cuò)伪嫁。
? (3) seem to do sth. 意為“似乎领炫、看來、好像做某事”张咳。例如:
? ? I seem to have left my book at home. 我好像把書忘在家里了帝洪。
(4) It seems that…或It seemed that…意為“看起來好像……似舵,似乎……”。例如:
? ? It seemed that he was very happy. 他看上去好像很高興葱峡。
(5) seem to be + 形容詞或名詞? ? 例如:
? ? She seems to be happy. 她看起來很高興砚哗。
8. try
try to do sth. 意為“設(shè)法去做某事,盡量去做某事”砰奕,其否定形式為try not to do sth.蛛芥。例如:
? ? Try not to be late again. 盡量別再遲到了。
? ? Try to get here in two hours. 盡量在兩小時(shí)之內(nèi)到達(dá)军援。
【拓展】
(1) try doing sth. 意為“試著做某事”仅淑,強(qiáng)調(diào)嘗試做某事。例如:
? ? You should try eating more vegetables. 你應(yīng)當(dāng)試著多吃點(diǎn)蔬菜盖溺。
(2) try one’s best to do sth. 意為“盡某人最大努力做某事”漓糙。例如:
? ? We should try our best to finish the work on time.
? ? 我們應(yīng)該盡最大努力準(zhǔn)時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)工作。
(3) try 構(gòu)成的短語:
? try sth. on 試穿
? try out sth. 試驗(yàn)烘嘱、檢驗(yàn)
? have a try 試一試
? try for sth. 試圖獲得某物
? try one’s best 盡某人最大努力
? ? ? ? ? 4.Unit 1 句式精講
1. Did you do anything special last month?
? 本句是一個(gè)一般過去時(shí)的一般疑問句昆禽,其中的anything special意為“任何特別的事”,special是形容詞蝇庭,修飾anything醉鳖。形容詞修飾不定代詞時(shí)要后置。例如:
? ? Can you tell something interesting? 你能講些有趣的事情嗎哮内?
? ? Is there anybody important here? 這兒有大人物嗎盗棵?
? ? Would you like something to eat? 要來些吃的東西嗎?
【拓展】復(fù)合不定代詞的用法:
(1) 復(fù)合不定代詞是由some-北发,any-纹因,no-,every-加上-one琳拨,-body瞭恰,-thing等所組成的不定代詞。復(fù)合不定代詞包括 something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, no one, everything, everybody, everyone 等十二個(gè)狱庇。這些復(fù)合代詞具有名詞性質(zhì)惊畏,在句中可用作主語、賓語或表語密任,但不能用作定語颜启。
(2)復(fù)合不定代詞通常被看成是單數(shù)第三人稱。當(dāng)它們充當(dāng)句子的主語時(shí)浪讳,其后的謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式缰盏。例如:
? ? Is everyone here today? 今天,大家都到齊了嗎?
? ? Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it. 世上無難事乳规,只怕有心人形葬。
(3) 由some-和any-所構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞(即something和anything;someone和anyone暮的;somebody和anybody)之間的區(qū)別跟some和any的區(qū)別一樣。
1) something淌实,someone冻辩,somebody通常用于肯定句中,而anything拆祈,anyone恨闪,anybody一般用于否定句,疑問句或條件狀語從句中放坏。例如:
? ? He found something strange but interesting. 他發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些奇怪但卻有趣的事情咙咽。
? ? Do you have anything to say ?你有話要說嗎淤年?
? ? I didn’t meet anybody? on the island. 在島上钧敞,我沒遇見任何人。
2) 在表示請求麸粮、邀請溉苛、提建議等帶有委婉語氣的疑問句,和希望得到對方肯定答復(fù)的疑問句弄诲,以及表示反問的問句中愚战,也用something,someone齐遵,somebody等復(fù)合不定代詞寂玲。例如:
Would you like something to eat?要些吃的東西嗎?
Isn’t there something wrong with you? 難道你沒問題嗎吃衅?
3) 當(dāng)anything表示“任何事(物)智哀,無論何事(物)”,anyone彰檬,anybody表示“無論誰,任何人”等意義時(shí)谎砾,它們也可以用于肯定句中逢倍。例如:
? ? Anything is OK. 什么都行。
? ? Anybody knows the answer.任何人都知道答案景图。
口訣:
? 不定代詞美名揚(yáng)较雕,修飾成分后邊藏;單數(shù)動(dòng)詞作謂語,何時(shí)何地都一樣亮蒋。
2. Yes, I bought something for my father.
本句中用了buy sth. for sb.的句型扣典。buy sth. for sb.意為“給某人買某物”,也可用buy sb. sth慎玖,即buy后跟雙賓語贮尖,sb. 指人是間接賓語,sth.指物是直接賓語趁怔。例如:
? ? He bought me a present. = He bought a present for me. 他給我買了一份禮物湿硝。
【拓展】
英語中帶雙賓語的動(dòng)詞,如果把直接賓語置于間接賓語之前润努,必須加上to或for关斜。常見的此種用法的動(dòng)詞分兩類:
? (1) 動(dòng)詞buy; draw; make等可跟雙賓語,當(dāng)直接賓語前置時(shí)铺浇,必須在間接賓語前加for痢畜,即:
? ? buy/draw/make sth. for sb. 例如:
? ? Mother made a pair of trousers for her son. ? 母親為兒子做了一條褲子。
? (2) 動(dòng)詞give; pass; lend; write; show; send; hand和bring接雙賓語鳍侣,當(dāng)直接賓語前置時(shí)丁稀,需在間接賓語前加to構(gòu)成。即:give/ pass/ lend… sth. to sb.? 例如:
? ? I’ll send it to you. 我會(huì)把它送給你的拱她。
【注意】上述能接雙賓語的動(dòng)詞二驰,一般情況下兩種形式可以互換,即vt. + sb. + sth. = vt. + sth. for(to) sb.秉沼。但當(dāng)直接賓語是代詞時(shí)桶雀,不論間接賓語是何種詞性,只能用vt. + sth.(代詞) + for(to) sb.
3. Everything tasted really good!
本句中的taste在此是系動(dòng)詞唬复,意為“嘗起來”矗积,后面接形容詞作表語。例如:
? ? The food tastes good. 食物嘗起來很香敞咧。
【拓展】
(1) look棘捣,sound,smell休建,taste乍恐,feel這五個(gè)動(dòng)詞都與人的感覺有關(guān),可稱之為“感官”動(dòng)詞测砂。
這五個(gè)動(dòng)詞均可作系動(dòng)詞茵烈,后面接形容詞作表語,說明主語所處的狀態(tài)砌些。其意思分別為“看/聽/聞/嘗/摸起來……”呜投。除look之外加匈,其它幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞的主語往往是物,而不是人仑荐。例如:
? ? The old man looks very happy. 那個(gè)老人看起來很幸福雕拼。
? ? These flowers smell very sweet. 這些花聞起來很香。
? ? The tomatoes feel very soft. 這些西紅柿摸起來很軟粘招。
(2) look啥寇,sound,smell洒扎,taste示姿,feel這些動(dòng)詞后面也可接介詞like短語,like后面常用名詞逊笆。
? ? Her idea sounds like fun. 她的主意聽起來很有趣。
4. …because there were too many people.
too many在句中作形容詞岂傲,意為“許多难裆,大量”,后接可數(shù)名詞镊掖。例如:
? ? There are too many books in the room. You can choose any one to read.
? ? 房間里有太多的書了乃戈,你可以選擇任何一本來讀。
例如: Don’t eat too much sweet. It’s bad for your teeth. 不要吃太多的糖亩进,對牙齒不好症虑。
? ? It’s much too cold outside. You should put on your coat.
? ? 外面太冷了,你應(yīng)該穿上外套归薛。
? ? I had too much. I’m full now. 我吃的太多了谍憔,現(xiàn)在飽了。
? ? You ask too many questions. 你問得太多了主籍。
5. And because of the bad weather, we couldn’t see anything below.
本句中的because of 是復(fù)合介詞习贫,其后接名詞、代詞千元、動(dòng)名詞苫昌、what 從句等。例如:
? ? He lost his job because of his age.
? ? 由于年齡關(guān)系他失去了工作幸海。
? ? He knew she was crying because of what he had said.
? ? 他知道她哭是因?yàn)樗f的話祟身。?
【拓展】because和because of的辨析:
(1) because of和because是同義詞,都可以表示原因物独,但是袜硫,because后面接句子,常用來回答why的提問议纯,一般放于主句之后父款,也可以單獨(dú)存在;而because of的后面用名詞、代詞或者動(dòng)名詞短語形式憨攒。例如:? ?
? ? I stayed at home because it rained. 因?yàn)橄掠晡掖诩依铩?/p>
? ? Because Lingling was ill, she didn’t come to school.
? ? 玲玲因病沒有上學(xué)世杀。? ?
? ? — Why is she absent? 她為什么缺席??
? ? — Because she is sick. 因?yàn)樗×恕?/p>
? ? We couldn’t have the sports meeting last Sunday because of the rain.
? ? 我們上個(gè)星期天沒能召開運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)是因?yàn)橄掠炅恕?/p>